scholarly journals Comment on Trendler’s (2019) “Conjoint measurement undone”

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
David H. Krantz ◽  
Thomas S. Wallsten
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Conjoint Measurement ◽  
Measurement Scales

Most of Trendler’s (2019) article, “Conjoint measurement undone,” seems wrong to us. We explain why we disagree completely with two of his assertions: (a) that cardinal measurement scales are absent in psychology and (b) that psychology has stagnated. We share three of his other concerns, but not his perspectives on them or the supposed links among them. These three points are: (a) fewer applications of additive conjoint measurement than initially expected, (b) flaws in the practice of statistics, and (c) need to improve the culture of replication in psychology. We provide our views on these points and also note two distinct strands in the foundational analysis of measurement—one derived from geometry, the other from probability. Trendler completely overlooked the latter.

scholarly journals Violência e fragilidade na pessoa idosa

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Clemente dos Santos ◽  
Rejane Maria Paiva de Menezes ◽  
Rafaella Guilherme Gonçalves ◽  
Jessyka Chaves da Silva ◽  
Jank Landy Simôa Almeida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Frail Elderly ◽  
Nursing Practice ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Elderly Person ◽  
Exposure To Violence ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The Other ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Measurement Scales ◽  
The Relationship

RESUMO Objetivo: evidenciar a relação entre a fragilidade e a vulnerabilidade da pessoa idosa violentada. Método: estudo bibliográfico, do tipo revisão integrativa. Foram consultadas, no período de agosto a setembro de 2017, as bases de dados CINAHL, PubMed/MEDLINE, SCOPUS®, LILACS e Web Of Sience, utilizando-se os descritores violência/violence e idoso fragilizado/frail elderly e localizando, ao término da busca, o total de dez manuscritos. Resultados: dos manuscritos que contemplaram a amostra, apenas três elucidaram claramente a existência da relação entre a violência e a fragilidade, no entanto, esses artigos não utilizaram escalas de mensuração para ambos fenômenos concomitantes. Os demais estudos apresentaram essa relação como desfecho secundário. Conclusão: observa-se a existência da relação entre a vulnerabilidade e a violência na pessoa idosa fragilizada, entretanto, ambos os conceitos ainda não são elencados claramente na literatura, assim como a sua mensuração por meio da utilização de escalas apropriadas para tal, vislumbrando-se a sua identificação na prática da Enfermagem, assim como a prevenção dos agravos à saúde da pessoa idosa. Descritores: Idoso Fragilizado; Violência; Idoso; Envelhecimento; Exposição à Violência; Enfermagem.ABSTRACT Objective: to show the relationship between the fragility and the vulnerability of the violated elderly person. Method: bibliographical study, integrative review type. The following databases were consulted, from August to September 2017, CINAHL, PubMed / MEDLINE, SCOPUS®, LILACS and Web Of Science, using the descriptors violence / violence and frail elderly / frail elderly and locating, at the end of the search, the total of ten manuscripts. Results: of the manuscripts that included the sample, only three clearly elucidated the existence of the relationship between violence and fragility, however, these articles did not use measurement scales for both concomitant phenomena. The other studies presented this relationship as a secondary outcome. Conclusion: the existence of the relationship between vulnerability and violence in the frail elderly person is observed, however, both concepts are not yet clearly listed in the literature, as well as their measurement through the use of appropriate scales for this purpose, glimpsing their identification in Nursing practice, as well as the prevention of health problems in the elderly. Descriptors: Fragile Elderly; Violence; Old Man; Aging; Exposure to Violence; Nursing.RESUMEN Objetivo: evidenciar la relación entre fragilidad y la vulnerabilidad de la persona anciana violada. Método: estudio bibliográfico, del tipo revisión integrativa. En el período de agosto a septiembre de 2017, fueron encontradas las siguientes bases de datos: CINAHL, PubMed / MEDLINE, SCOPUS®, LILACS y Web Of Sience, utilizando los descriptores violencia / violence y anciano fragilizado / frail elderly, confiriéndonos al término de la búsqueda el total de diez manuscritos. Resultados: de los manuscritos que contemplaron la muestra, sólo tres elucidaron claramente la existencia de la relación entre la violencia y la fragilidad, sin embargo, estos artículos no utilizaron escalas de medición para ambos fenómenos concomitantes. Los demás estudios presentaron esa relación como desenlace secundario. Conclusión: se observa la existencia de la relación entre la vulnerabilidad y la violencia en la persona anciana fragilizada, sin embargo, ambos conceptos aún no se enumeran claramente en la literatura, así como su medición mediante la utilización de escalas apropiadas para tal, vislumbrando identificación en la práctica de la Enfermería, así como la prevención de los agravios a la salud de la persona de edad. Descritores: Anciano Frágil; Violencia; Anciano; Envejecimiento; Exposición a la Violencia; Enfermeria.

Issues in specifying contrast in building elements for people with a visual disability

Work ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Stephen John Dain ◽  
Catherine Bridge ◽  
Mark Relf ◽  
Aldyfra Luhulima Lukman ◽  
Sarita Manandhar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Standard ◽  
Multiple Scales ◽  
The Other ◽  
Measurement Scale ◽  
Measurement Scales ◽  
Visual Disability ◽  
Single Scale ◽  
Contrast Measure ◽  
System Objective ◽  
Building Elements

BACKGROUND: Standards writers, national and international, have used different contrast calculations to set requirements in building elements for people with visual impairments. On the other hand, they have typically set a single requirement (30%) for specifying the minimum contrast. The systems are not linearly related and 30%means something rather different in each system. OBJECTIVE: To provide a comparison of the various scales in order to illustrate the differences caused by multiple scales with a single compliance value, recommend a single scale for universal adoption and, if a new measure is problematic for implementation, to recommend the most perceptually uniform of the present methods. METHODS: We use the contrast between combinations of 205 paint colours to illustrate the relationships between the measures. We use an internationally accepted scale, with equal perceptual steps, as a “gold standard” to identify the most perceptually uniform measurement scale in the existing methods. RESULTS: We show that Michelson contrast is the most perceptually uniform of the existing measurement scales. We show the contrasts in the proposed method that equate to the various current requirements. CONCLUSIONS: We propose that CIE Metric Lightness could be used as the contrast measure. Alternatively, Michelson contrast is the most perceptually linear of the current measurement scales.

Attribute Importance: Contrasting Measurements

1979 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger M. Heeler ◽  
Chike Okechuku ◽  
Stan Reid
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Face Validity ◽  
Conjoint Measurement ◽  
Attribute Importance ◽  
Information Display ◽  
Display Board ◽  
Method Of Measurement

Three methods of obtaining attribute importance—conjoint measurement, self (questionnaire) report, and information display board—are compared and found to yield contrasting results. The results of multiattribute models, and determinant attribute and tradeoff analyses would depend on the method of measurement used. The information display board is hypothesized to yield a measure of greater face validity than the other two methods.

scholarly journals Measurability, systematic error, and the replication crisis: A reply to Michell (2019) and Krantz and Wallsten (2019)

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 144-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Günter Trendler
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Error ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
The Other ◽  
Conjoint Measurement ◽  
Measurement Instruments ◽  
Psychological Attributes ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Practical Usefulness ◽  
Replication Crisis ◽  
Ratio Scales

Although Krantz and Wallsten (2019) claim that interval and ratio scales abound in psychology, they miss the opportunity to deliver specific evidence for their existence. Michell (2019), on the other hand, misconstrues my objection against the practical usefulness of conjoint measurement (Trendler, 2019). Furthermore, he underestimates the critical role humans play as measurement instruments—that is, as detectors of magnitudes of psychological attributes as derived quantities—and he also misunderstands the meaning of the Millean Quantity Objection. Finally, in answer to Krantz and Wallsten, I specify my position with regard to the connection between scientific stagnation, measurability, and reproducibility.

Stromatoporoids from the Famennian (Devonian) Wabamun Formation, Normandville oilfield, north–central Alberta, Canada

1988 ◽  
Vol 62 (03) ◽  
pp. 411-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin W. Stearn
Keyword(s):  
Patch Reef ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
The Other ◽  
North Central ◽  
Biotic Crisis

Stromatoporoids are the principal framebuilding organisms in the patch reef that is part of the reservoir of the Normandville field. The reef is 10 m thick and 1.5 km2in area and demonstrates that stromatoporoids retained their ability to build reefal edifices into Famennian time despite the biotic crisis at the close of Frasnian time. The fauna is dominated by labechiids but includes three non-labechiid species. The most abundant species isStylostroma sinense(Dong) butLabechia palliseriStearn is also common. Both these species are highly variable and are described in terms of multiple phases that occur in a single skeleton. The other species described areClathrostromacf.C. jukkenseYavorsky,Gerronostromasp. (a columnar species), andStromatoporasp. The fauna belongs in Famennian/Strunian assemblage 2 as defined by Stearn et al. (1988).

D. The Line Spectrum of Pulsating Variable Stars

1967 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 207-244
Author(s):  
R. P. Kraft
Keyword(s):  
Variable Stars ◽  
The Other ◽  
Line Spectrum ◽  
Afternoon Session ◽  
Empirical Information ◽  
Pulsating Variable Stars ◽  
Almost Continuous ◽  
Informal Approach

(Ed. note:Encouraged by the success of the more informal approach in Christy's presentation, we tried an even more extreme experiment in this session, I-D. In essence, Kraft held the floor continuously all morning, and for the hour and a half afternoon session, serving as a combined Summary-Introductory speaker and a marathon-moderator of a running discussion on the line spectrum of cepheids. There was almost continuous interruption of his presentation; and most points raised from the floor were followed through in detail, no matter how digressive to the main presentation. This approach turned out to be much too extreme. It is wearing on the speaker, and the other members of the symposium feel more like an audience and less like participants in a dissective discussion. Because Kraft presented a compendious collection of empirical information, and, based on it, an exceedingly novel series of suggestions on the cepheid problem, these defects were probably aggravated by the first and alleviated by the second. I am much indebted to Kraft for working with me on a preliminary editing, to try to delete the side-excursions and to retain coherence about the main points. As usual, however, all responsibility for defects in final editing is wholly my own.)

C. The Continuous Spectrum of Pulsating Variable Stars

1967 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 177-206
Author(s):  
J. B. Oke ◽  
C. A. Whitney
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Spectrum ◽  
Variable Stars ◽  
Velocity Fields ◽  
The Other ◽  
Line Spectrum ◽  
Direct Information ◽  
Thermodynamic Structure ◽  
Diagnostic Interpretation ◽  
Pulsating Variable Stars ◽  
The Continuum

Pecker:The topic to be considered today is the continuous spectrum of certain stars, whose variability we attribute to a pulsation of some part of their structure. Obviously, this continuous spectrum provides a test of the pulsation theory to the extent that the continuum is completely and accurately observed and that we can analyse it to infer the structure of the star producing it. The continuum is one of the two possible spectral observations; the other is the line spectrum. It is obvious that from studies of the continuum alone, we obtain no direct information on the velocity fields in the star. We obtain information only on the thermodynamic structure of the photospheric layers of these stars–the photospheric layers being defined as those from which the observed continuum directly arises. So the problems arising in a study of the continuum are of two general kinds: completeness of observation, and adequacy of diagnostic interpretation. I will make a few comments on these, then turn the meeting over to Oke and Whitney.

Observing programme for the 24-inch/36-inch Schmidt telescope

1966 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 337
Author(s):  
W. Iwanowska
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Schmidt Telescope ◽  
Flint Glass

A new 24-inch/36-inch//3 Schmidt telescope, made by C. Zeiss, Jena, has been installed since 30 August 1962, at the N. Copernicus University Observatory in Toruń. It is equipped with two objective prisms, used separately, one of crown the other of flint glass, each of 5° refracting angle, giving dispersions of 560Å/mm and 250Å/ mm respectively.

A hard choice for Tomasello

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Pettit
Keyword(s):  
Joint Action ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hard Choice ◽  
Margaret Gilbert ◽  
Michael Bratman ◽  
Human Sense ◽  
Sense Of Obligation

Abstract Michael Tomasello explains the human sense of obligation by the role it plays in negotiating practices of acting jointly and the commitments they underwrite. He draws in his work on two models of joint action, one from Michael Bratman, the other from Margaret Gilbert. But Bratman's makes the explanation too difficult to succeed, and Gilbert's makes it too easy.

A study of cometary eruptions through OH radio-lines

1999 ◽  
Vol 173 ◽  
pp. 249-254
Author(s):  
A.M. Silva ◽  
R.D. Miró
Keyword(s):  
Short Duration ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
The Other ◽  
Initial Mass ◽  
Radio Lines ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Sudden Rise

AbstractWe have developed a model for theH2OandOHevolution in a comet outburst, assuming that together with the gas, a distribution of icy grains is ejected. With an initial mass of icy grains of 108kg released, theH2OandOHproductions are increased up to a factor two, and the growth curves change drastically in the first two days. The model is applied to eruptions detected in theOHradio monitorings and fits well with the slow variations in the flux. On the other hand, several events of short duration appear, consisting of a sudden rise ofOHflux, followed by a sudden decay on the second day. These apparent short bursts are frequently found as precursors of a more durable eruption. We suggest that both of them are part of a unique eruption, and that the sudden decay is due to collisions that de-excite theOHmaser, when it reaches the Cometopause region located at 1.35 × 105kmfrom the nucleus.

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