scholarly journals Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time as a Screening Test of Minor or Moderate Coagulation Factor Deficiencies for Canine Plasma: Sensitivity of Different Commercial Reagents

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 433-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reinhard Mischke
Keyword(s):  
Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽  
Screening Test ◽  
Reference Range ◽  
Standardized Test ◽  
Coagulation Factor ◽  
Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Test Protocol ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Canine Plasma

To determine the sensitivity for detection of coagulation factor deficiencies by commercial reagents for canine plasma, 5 commercial activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) reagents with different types of contact activator and phospholipid of various origin were examined. Thirty canine plasma samples with minor or moderate deficiencies of coagualition factors that influence the APTT were examined. Significant differences were found for the sensitivity of various reagents, but no correlation was found with the type of contact activator. Following the test instructions provided by the manufacturers, the number of APTT results that were prolonged beyond the reference range varied between 20 and 30 (sensitivity = 0.67–1.00); the number of corresponding results using a standardized test protocol varied between 19 and 28 (sensitivity: 0.63–0.93). The most sensitive reagent contained kaolin as a contact activator and a human placental thromboplastin. The results of this study indicate that the APTT test optimized for human plasma is also a sensitive screening test of the intrinsic system of canine plasma, provided that a suitable reagent is used.

Haemorrhage in seven cats with suspected anticoagulant rodenticide intoxication

2003 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 295-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Kohn ◽  
C Weingart ◽  
U Giger
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Vitamin K ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽  
Reference Range ◽  
Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽  
Anticoagulant Rodenticide ◽  
Plasma Coagulation ◽  
Adult Cats

Clinical features were evaluated in seven adult cats (six males, one female) with haemorrhage and presumptive anticoagulant rodenticide intoxication. Haemorrhage appeared as thoracic haemorrhage, otic bleeding, haematoma, melena, haematochezia, and petechiation. The most common other presenting signs were lethargy, anorexia, and tachypnoea or dyspnoea. Six cats were anaemic, four cats were mildly thrombocytopenic (58 000–161 000/μl), and three had slightly decreased plasma protein or albumin values. The prothrombin time (30.3–>100 s, reference range: 16.5–27.5 s) and activated partial thromboplastin time values (32.6–>100 s; reference range: 14–25 s) were markedly prolonged in all cats. All cats received vitamin K1 subcutaneously or orally (3.7–5 mg/kg body weight initially) and depending on severity of signs five cats were transfused with fresh whole blood. Plasma coagulation times improved in all cats and returned to normal in 1–5 days. Rodenticide poisons represent an important but relatively rare cause of haemorrhage in cats and can be effectively treated.

scholarly journals Isocitrate as Calcium Ion Activity Buffer in Coagulation Assays

1999 ◽  
Vol 45 (8) ◽  
pp. 1176-1180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mats RÅnby ◽  
Tony Gojceta ◽  
Kerstin Gustafsson ◽  
Kenny M Hansson ◽  
Tomas L Lindahl
Keyword(s):  
Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽  
Calcium Ion ◽  
Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Physiological Concentration ◽  
Diagnostic Efficacy ◽  
Coagulation Assays ◽  
Coagulation Tests ◽  
Ion Activity

Abstract Background: Ca2+ activity close to the physiological concentration of 1.3 mmol/L is essential in blood coagulation. Is this also true for the performance of global diagnostic coagulation assays? We searched for compounds that would buffer Ca2+ activity at ∼1.3 mmol/L without disturbing coagulation reactions and investigated whether such Ca2+ buffering improves diagnostic efficacy in global diagnostic coagulation tests. Methods: Buffering was investigated by mixing CaCl2 and 11 candidate compounds and determining Ca2+ activity. The best candidates were added to mixtures of plasma and thromboplastin to detect interference with coagulation reactions. The best of these candidates, isocitrate, was used to modify an activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), buffering final Ca2+ activity to ∼1.3 mmol/L. Plasma samples from 22 healthy individuals and 120 patients were analyzed with original and modified APTT to determine whether diagnostic efficacy was improved. Results: Two suitable Ca2+ buffers, citrate and isocitrate, were found. Isocitrate was preferred as being less coagulation inhibitory, a better Ca2+ buffer, and possibly a better anticoagulant. The isocitrate-modified APTT showed a final Ca2+ activity of 1.60 ± 0.07 mmol/L, compared with 2.73 ± 0.20 mmol/L for the original APTT. The means and SDs for the healthy individuals were determined for both procedures, and the values were used to express patient deviation from normality (difference from mean divided by SD). The deviation was greater for the modified APTT; 4.3 ± 5.7, compared with 3.6 ± 5.0 (P <0.005) for the original APTT. Conclusions: Isocitrate can be used to buffer Ca2+ activity at physiological concentrations and can serve as an anticoagulant. APTT with isocitrate-buffered Ca2+ activity shows signs of improved diagnostic efficacy.

The Control Of Heparin Administration By The Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time(APTT)

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean M Thomson
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽  
Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽  
Reference Laboratory ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Heparin Administration ◽  
National Quality ◽  
Fresh Plasma ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
The Uk

The UK National Quality Control Trials have previously shown that the various APTT methods differ in their ability to detect low levels of heparin (Poller et al 1980). UK and US proficiency surveys have also shown lack of linearity of some APTT methods over a range of heparin concentrations. A further, recent collaborative exercise, using lyophilised plasma from a heparinised donor, has confirmed that most of the commonly-used commercial reagents have a higher threshhold of sensitivity to heparin than the reference reagent provided by the National (UK) Reference Laboratory. Additional studies on fresh plasma samples obtained from heparinised patients, have demonstrated considerable variations in the detection of heparin by widely-used commercial APTT techniques.

Control of Heparin Treatment with three Different Methods. Behaviour of Antithrombin III

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Bounameaux ◽  
G.A. Marbet ◽  
H. Airenne ◽  
E. Grossmann ◽  
B. Stanojevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽  
Antithrombin Iii ◽  
Heparin Therapy ◽  
Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽  
Thrombin Time ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Heparin Concentration ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Antithrombin Iii Activity

In 63 plasma samples from patients under heparin we determined the heparin concentration using the chromogenic substrats S-2222 (COATEST Heparin). Thrombin time (TT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), antithrombin III activity (ATIIIact) and concentration (ATIIIimm) were also measured. A good correlation was found between heparin concentration and TT (r= .850, p< .001), heparin concentration and APTT (r =669, p < .001) while the correlation coefficient r between TT and APLT was .896 (p< .001).We found a statilttically significant reduction of ATIIIact with increasing APTT (p < .05. The ATIIIact and ATIIIimm values were also lower (p < .001) in the overanticoaculated group (n=ll) than in the group with insufficient heparinisation (0.18). The mean (±SO) heparin concentration in 12 plasmas with both TT and APTT in the therapeutic range was .54 (±.15) USP-U/al, very similar to that of 13 plasma (.68 ± .46 U/al) insufficiently heparinised accordirig to the APTT. However, the TT recognised then as correctly anticoagulated. Regarding these findings and our good experience without complication by monitoring heparin therapy with TT we assume that TT is more accurate than APTT for this aim.

scholarly journals Protective Effect of S-Allyl Cysteine Against Neonatal Asthmatic Rats

Dose-Response ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 155932582098218
Author(s):  
Li Jiang ◽  
Yuning Li ◽  
Fang Wang ◽  
Xindao Zhang ◽  
Ruiping Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽  
Fibrinogen Level ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Coagulation Factor ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽  
Eosinophil Infiltration ◽  
Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 1

S-Allyl cysteine (SAC), an organic compound and a natural constituent of Allium sativum, commonly known as garlic have been consumed in routine foods are known to possess various biological activities. Nevertheless, scientific evidence on the protective effect of SAC against neonatal asthmatic rats is not available. Hence, the present study aimed at investigating the anti-asthmatic activity of SAC in neonatal asthmatic rats using Wistar rats. The study conducted in 4 groups consists of normal control rats, asthma-induced, asthma animals administered with SAC (25 mg/kg), and SAC control. At the end of the experimental period, inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), inflammatory markers, fibrinogen level, activated partial thromboplastin time, coagulation factor activity, and histopathology were elucidated. The current investigation exhibits that SAC significantly reduced the total leukocytes, with restored fibrinogen level, and activated partial thromboplastin time. In addition, the levels of inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor- α), IL-6 (Interleukin 6), and IL-1β have also attenuated in SAC treated animals. Furthermore, the mRNA expression levels of COX2 (cyclooxygenase-2), MCP-1 (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1), RANTES (regulated upon activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted), and eotaxin were reduced in SAC treated animals. Treatment of rats with SAC significantly reduced inflammation and eosinophil infiltration in the lungs. These results suggest that SAC exert protection in neonatal asthmatic rats suffering from acute or chronic inflammation by inducing anti-inflammatory and cell-protective responses.

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