scholarly journals Development of a quantitative PCR assay for measurement of trichechid herpesvirus 1 load in the Florida manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris)

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 476-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason A. Ferrante ◽  
Galaxia Cortés-Hinojosa ◽  
Linda L. Archer ◽  
James F. X. Wellehan
Keyword(s):  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Qpcr Assay ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Florida Manatee ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Trichechus Manatus ◽  
Trichechus Manatus Latirostris ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Herpesvirus 1 ◽  
Quantitative Pcr Assay

Trichechid herpesvirus 1 (TrHV-1) is currently the only known herpesvirus in any sirenian. We hypothesized that stress may lead to recrudescence of TrHV-1 in manatees, thus making TrHV-1 a potential biomarker of stress. We optimized and validated a TrHV-1 real-time quantitative probe hybridization PCR (qPCR) assay that was used to quantify TrHV-1 in manatee peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Average baseline TrHV-1 loads in a clinically healthy wild Florida manatee ( Trichechus manatus latirostris) population ( n = 42) were 40.9 ± SD 21.2 copies/100 ng DNA; 19 of 42 manatees were positive. TrHV-1 loads were significantly different between the 2 field seasons ( p < 0.025). This optimized and validated qPCR assay may be used as a tool for further research into TrHV-1 in Florida manatees.

Touch, Hearing, and Vision of the Florida Manatee, Trichechus manatus latirostris

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon B. Bauer ◽  
Joseph C. Gaspard ◽  
Debborah E. Colbert ◽  
Roger L. Reep ◽  
David Mann
Keyword(s):  
Florida Manatee ◽  
Trichechus Manatus ◽  
Trichechus Manatus Latirostris

scholarly journals Transcriptomic Profiling of Equine and Viral Genes in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells in Horses during Equine Herpesvirus 1 Infection

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Lila M. Zarski ◽  
Patty Sue D. Weber ◽  
Yao Lee ◽  
Gisela Soboll Hussey
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Equine Herpesvirus ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Equine Herpesvirus 1 ◽  
Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Herpesvirus 1

Equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) affects horses worldwide and causes respiratory disease, abortions, and equine herpesvirus myeloencephalopathy (EHM). Following infection, a cell-associated viremia is established in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). This viremia is essential for transport of EHV-1 to secondary infection sites where subsequent immunopathology results in diseases such as abortion or EHM. Because of the central role of PBMCs in EHV-1 pathogenesis, our goal was to establish a gene expression analysis of host and equine herpesvirus genes during EHV-1 viremia using RNA sequencing. When comparing transcriptomes of PBMCs during peak viremia to those prior to EHV-1 infection, we found 51 differentially expressed equine genes (48 upregulated and 3 downregulated). After gene ontology analysis, processes such as the interferon defense response, response to chemokines, the complement protein activation cascade, cell adhesion, and coagulation were overrepresented during viremia. Additionally, transcripts for EHV-1, EHV-2, and EHV-5 were identified in pre- and post-EHV-1-infection samples. Looking at micro RNAs (miRNAs), 278 known equine miRNAs and 855 potentially novel equine miRNAs were identified in addition to 57 and 41 potentially novel miRNAs that mapped to the EHV-2 and EHV-5 genomes, respectively. Of those, 1 EHV-5 and 4 equine miRNAs were differentially expressed in PBMCs during viremia. In conclusion, this work expands our current knowledge about the role of PBMCs during EHV-1 viremia and will inform the focus on future experiments to identify host and viral factors that contribute to clinical EHM.

scholarly journals Florida manatees Trichechus manatus latirostris actively consume the sponge Chondrilla caribensis

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e8443
Author(s):  
William Fitt
Keyword(s):  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Chemical Defenses ◽  
Chicken Liver ◽  
Direct Sunlight ◽  
Florida Manatee ◽  
Trichechus Manatus ◽  
Trichechus Manatus Latirostris ◽  
Variable Chemical

The Florida manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris Linnaeus 1758) actively selects and consumes the “chicken-liver” sponge Chondrilla caribensis. Manatees ate over 10% of C. caribensis on a sample dock, mostly from pylons that received no direct sunlight. Since manatees reportedly eat mostly seagrasses and algae, it was thought that the chlorophyll-a content of the symbiotic cyanobacteria in C. caribensis might be correlated to the amount eaten; however the correlation was not significant (P > 0.05). C. caribensis has variable chemical defenses and round spherasters (spicules), but these do not appear to be effective deterrents to predation by manatees. This is the first direct evidence that manatees actively seek out and consume a sponge.

ESOPHAGEAL MEASUREMENT OF CORE BODY TEMPERATURE IN THE FLORIDA MANATEE (TRICHECHUS MANATUS LATIROSTRIS)

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Molly E. Martony ◽  
Ramiro Isaza ◽  
Claire D. Erlacher-Reid ◽  
Jon Peterson ◽  
Nicole I. Stacy
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Core Body Temperature ◽  
Florida Manatee ◽  
Trichechus Manatus ◽  
Trichechus Manatus Latirostris ◽  
Core Body

Frataxin deficiency in Friedreich’s ataxia is associated with reduced levels of HAX-1, a regulator of cardiomyocyte death and survival

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 471-482
Author(s):  
Francesca Tiano ◽  
Francesca Amati ◽  
Fabio Cherubini ◽  
Elena Morini ◽  
Chiara Vancheri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Beta Cells ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Friedreich’S Ataxia ◽  
Friedreich's Ataxia ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Mrna And Protein Expression ◽  
Defence Proteins

Abstract Frataxin deficiency, responsible for Friedreich’s ataxia (FRDA), is crucial for cell survival since it critically affects viability of neurons, pancreatic beta cells and cardiomyocytes. In FRDA, the heart is frequently affected with typical manifestation of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, which can progress to heart failure and cause premature death. A microarray analysis performed on FRDA patient’s lymphoblastoid cells stably reconstituted with frataxin, indicated HS-1-associated protein X-1 (HAX-1) as the most significantly upregulated transcript (FC = +2, P &lt; 0.0006). quantitative Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot analysis performed on (I) HEK293 stably transfected with empty vector compared to wild-type frataxin and (II) lymphoblasts from FRDA patients show that low frataxin mRNA and protein expression correspond to reduced levels of HAX-1. Frataxin overexpression and silencing were also performed in the AC16 human cardiomyocyte cell line. HAX-1 protein levels are indeed regulated through frataxin modulation. Moreover, correlation between frataxin and HAX-1 was further evaluated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from FRDA patients and from non-related healthy controls. A regression model for frataxin which included HAX-1, group membership and group* HAX-1 interaction revealed that frataxin and HAX-1 are associated both at mRNA and protein levels. Additionally, a linked expression of FXN, HAX-1 and antioxidant defence proteins MnSOD and Nrf2 was observed both in PBMCs and AC16 cardiomyocytes. Our results suggest that HAX-1 could be considered as a potential biomarker of cardiac disease in FRDA and the evaluation of its expression might provide insights into its pathogenesis as well as improving risk stratification strategies.

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