Periductal Stromal Tumor of the Breast: One Institution's Review of 6 Tumors Over a 22 Year Period With Immunohistochemical Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 106689692110604
Author(s):  
Longmei Zhao ◽  
Miglena K. Komforti ◽  
Andrea Dawson ◽  
J. Jordi Rowe
Keyword(s):  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Phyllodes Tumor ◽  
Stromal Tumor ◽  
Metaplastic Carcinoma ◽  
Beta Catenin ◽  
Muscle Actin

Introduction. Periductal stromal tumor (PST) of the breast is a rare fibroepithelial neoplasm with controversial pathogenesis. Methods. A retrospective search of our Pathology database from 2000 to 2021 identified 6 PST, all evaluated according to the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP) criteria. Immunohistochemistry for CD10, CD34, CD117, GATA3, p63, SOX10, ER, PR, HER2, smooth muscle actin (SMA), beta-catenin, and myogenin was performed as well. Results. All 6 patients were female and age ranged from 29 to 55 years (mean 40 years). Tumor size ranged from 2.9 to 5.9 cm (mean 3.0 cm). Data showed absence of leaf-like architecture (0/6), at least moderate hypercellularity (6/6), lack of a circumscribed border (5/6), coalescing nodules with intermixed adipose tissue (4/6), at least moderate stromal atypia (4/6), and an elevated mitotic activity ≥3mitotic figures/10 HPF (6/6). The stromal cells were positive for CD10 (4/4), CD34 (4/4), CD117 (3/4), and SMA (3/4), and negative for GATA3 (0/6), p63 (0/6), SOX10 (0/6), ER (0/4), PR (0/4), HER2 (0/4), nuclear beta-catenin (0/5), and myogenin (0/4). No patient had a PST recurrence or metastasis (average follow-up of 91 months). Conclusion. We confirm that PST shares morphologic and immunophenotypic similarities with phyllodes tumor (PT). However, PST can be reliably differentiated from PT using the AFIP criteria. Additionally, PST's immunoprofile of positive CD117 and CD34 stromal expression alongside the negative GATA3, p63, and SOX10 reactivity can aid the pathologist in excluding metaplastic carcinoma. All 6 of our PST behaved as benign neoplasms akin to benign PT.

scholarly journals Preoperatively diagnosed gastric collision tumor with mixed adenocarcinoma and gastrointestinal stromal tumor: a case report and literature review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunihiko Matsuno ◽  
Yoshikazu Kanazawa ◽  
Daisuke Kakinuma ◽  
Nobutoshi Hagiwara ◽  
Fumihiko Ando ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor ◽  
Distal Gastrectomy ◽  
Submucosal Tumor ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Collision Tumor ◽  
Stromal Tumor ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Muscle Actin ◽  
First Case ◽  
S 100

AbstractReports of gastric collision tumors, comprising adenocarcinoma and gastrointestinal stromal tumor, are extremely rare. Here, we report the case of a 68-year-old male who was diagnosed with a lower-body, moderately differentiated, tubular-type adenocarcinoma and submucosal tumor and underwent an elective D2 distal gastrectomy. The tumor cells of the gastrointestinal stromal tumor were positive for H-caldesmon and CD117, weakly positive for smooth muscle actin and DOG-1, and negative for desmin, S-100 protein, CD31, and AE1/AE3. The tumor had grown into a mixed form of adenocarcinoma and gastrointestinal stromal tumor. Thus, we report the first case of a preoperatively diagnosed collision tumor in the stomach consisting of adenocarcinoma and gastrointestinal stromal tumor.

Follicle development in cryopreserved bitch ovarian tissue grafted to immunodeficient mouse

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 461 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Commin ◽  
S. Buff ◽  
E. Rosset ◽  
C. Galet ◽  
A. Allard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Ovarian Tissue ◽  
Follicular Development ◽  
Slow Freezing ◽  
Angiogenic Factor ◽  
Muscle Actin ◽  
Once Daily

The present study evaluated: (1) in vivo follicular development in canine ovarian tissue after slow freezing and xenotransplantation; and (2) the use of erythropoietin (EPO) as an angiogenic factor to optimise the transplantation procedure. Frozen–thawed ovarian tissue from five bitches was grafted into severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice (n = 47) treated with or without EPO (500 IU kg–1, once daily for 3 days) (Groups A and B, respectively) and analysed after 0, 1, 8 or 16 weeks. Follicle grade, follicle density, follicle morphology and stromal cells density were assessed by histological analysis, whereas vascularisation of the graft was quantified by immunohistochemistry with anti-α-smooth muscle actin antibody. Despite a massive loss of follicles after grafting, secondary follicle density was higher at 8 and 16 weeks than at 1 week regardless of EPO treatment. EPO significantly improved early follicle morphology and stromal cell density after 8 weeks and blood vessel density at 16 weeks after transplantation (P < 0.05). Intact secondary follicles with more than three granulosa cells layers were observed 16 weeks after transplantation. The results suggest that canine ovarian tissue can be successfully preserved by our slow-freezing protocol because the tissue showed follicular growth after xenotransplantation. EPO treatment did not lessen the massive loss of follicles after transplantation.

scholarly journals Primary prostatic extragastrointestinal stromal tumor: a case report and literature review

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. 4343-4349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong-hao You ◽  
Yi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Rectal Wall ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Stromal Tumor ◽  
Anterior Rectal Wall ◽  
Muscle Actin ◽  
Pelvic Tumor ◽  
Extragastrointestinal Stromal Tumor ◽  
Spindle Cells

Objective This study was performed to discuss the characteristics, diagnosis, and treatment of primary prostatic extragastrointestinal stromal tumor (EGIST). Methods The case history data of a patient with an EGIST were analyzed and discussed with a literature review. Results The patient was diagnosed with a pelvic tumor, possibly malignant. We ascertained the diagnosis by exploratory surgery and pathological biopsy. The tumor was present in the prostate and infiltrated and pressed against the anterior rectal wall. Pathological biopsy showed that the tumor comprised spindle cells, which were also present at the junction of the tumor and prostate tissue. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were positive for CD117, DOG-1, CD34, and smooth muscle actin and negative for S100 and desmin; Ki-67LI was about 10%. These results support the diagnosis of primary prostatic EGIST. Conclusion The rarity and nonspecific clinical manifestation of prostatic EGIST facilitate misdiagnosis. Diagnosis mainly depends on imaging examination and characteristic histopathological and immunohistochemical features, and GIST must be excluded. Surgery is the main treatment method, and imatinib is suggested for unresectable and malignant EGISTs.

Primary Glomangioma of the Liver: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

2004 ◽  
Vol 128 (3) ◽  
pp. e46-e49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vilkesh R. Jaiswal ◽  
Julie G. Champine ◽  
Suash Sharma ◽  
Kyle H. Molberg
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Vascular Network ◽  
Pericellular Matrix ◽  
Muscle Actin ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Deep Soft Tissue ◽  
Large Tumor ◽  
Glomus Tumors

Abstract Glomangiomas are a subset of glomus tumors that have a rich vascular network. Although a majority of the glomus tumors occur in the skin of the hand, they have also been reported in the deep soft tissue, bone, lungs, and gastrointestinal tract, especially the stomach. To our knowledge, only one such case has previously been reported primarily occurring in the liver. We report a case of a glomangioma primarily arising in the liver of a 57-year-old man who presented with right flank pain of several months' duration. A 3.0-cm hepatic mass was excised and consisted of numerous, small-to-medium branched vessels with the stroma containing small, round, regular cells with sharply outlined round-to-oval nuclei. Immunostains showed the tumor cells to be diffusely positive for vimentin and smooth muscle actin and to be focally positive for calponin. Collagen IV stained the pericellular matrix. The immunostain for CD34 highlighted the vascular network as well as outlined the tumor cells in many areas. Coexpression of actin and CD34 in glomus tumors, although unusual, has recently been reported in the literature. Despite its bland histology, the large tumor size and deep visceral location were suggestive of aggressive behavior; thus, a close clinical follow-up was recommended. The patient had an unremarkable postoperative course and has no evidence of metastatic disease 12 months after the procedure. An accurate diagnosis and an understanding the biology of this rare disease, especially in an unusual location, are crucial to its management.

Piloleiomyosarcoma in Seven Ferrets

2001 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 710-711 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. H. Rickman ◽  
L. E. Craig ◽  
M. H. Goldschmidt
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Immunohistochemical Staining ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Muscle Actin ◽  
Mustela Putorius ◽  
Nuclear Pleomorphism ◽  
Complete Surgical Excision

In each of seven ferrets ( Mustela putorius furo) with leiomyosarcoma, a single dermal mass was identified and biopsied. Each mass consisted of a well-demarcated but nonencapsulated proliferation of large spindle- to strap-shaped cells arranged in interwoven bundles. The cells resembled the smooth muscle cells of the adjacent arrector pili muscles, but with marked nuclear pleomorphism. Immunohistochemical staining for smooth muscle actin, desmin, and vimentin was positive and staining for myoglobin and cytokeratin was negative. Follow-up on three of the ferrets indicates that the prognosis is good following complete surgical excision.

Epithelial Cells and Their Neighbors I. Role of intestinal myofibroblasts in development, repair, and cancer

2005 ◽  
Vol 289 (1) ◽  
pp. G2-G7 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Powell ◽  
P. A. Adegboyega ◽  
J. F. Di Mari ◽  
R. C. Mifflin
Keyword(s):  
Lamina Propria ◽  
Information Flow ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Distant Metastases ◽  
Muscle Actin ◽  
Mural Cells ◽  
Intestinal Neoplasms ◽  
Extracellular Matrix Molecules

Intestinal myofibroblasts are α-smooth muscle actin-positive stromal cells that exist as a syncytium with fibroblasts and mural cells in the lamina propria of the gut. Through expression and secretion of cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, prostaglandins, and basal lamina/extracellular matrix molecules, as well as expression of adhesion molecules and receptors for many of the same soluble factors and matrix, myofibroblasts mediate information flow between the epithelium and the mesenchymal elements of the lamina propria. With the use of these factors and receptors, they play a fundamental role in intestinal organogenesis and in the repair of wounding or disease. Intestinal neoplasms enlist and conscript myofibroblast factors and matrix molecules to promote neoplastic growth, carcinoma invasion, and distant metastases.

Stromal Incorporation of VEGFR-1+, CD68+ and α-SMA+ Hemangiogenic Cells Correlates with Histologic Subtype in Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma.

Blood ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 106 (11) ◽  
pp. 1930-1930 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Ruan ◽  
Elizabeth Hyjek ◽  
Andrea T. Hooper ◽  
Loic Vincent ◽  
Pouneh Kermani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Hematopoietic Cells ◽  
Hodgkin's Lymphoma ◽  
Muscle Actin ◽  
Alpha Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Stromal Compartment ◽  
Non Hodgkin's Lymphoma ◽  
Benign Hyperplasia

Abstract BACKGROUND: Tumor stromal environment has been increasingly recognized to contribute to tumorigenesis. Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1+ (VEGFR-1+) hematopoietic cells and alpha-smooth muscle actin+ (α-SMA+) stromal cells both contribute to tumor neo-angiogenesis. However, their roles in promoting neo-angiogenesis specifically in human lymphomas remain unknown. METHODS: We examined the spatial localization of vascular and stromal cells expressing CD34 (vasculature), α-SMA (stromal cells), VEGFR-1 (hematopoietic cells and neo-vessels) and CD68 (myelomonocytic hematopoietic cells) by immunohistochemistry in 42 cases of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) specimens, which include diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL, n=28), Burkitt lymphoma (BL, n=2), follicular lymphoma (FL, n=7), and chronic lymphocytic leukemia / small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL, n=5). RESULTS: There was a significant increase in CD68+ hematopoietic cells and a profound increase in the tissue hemangiogenic index, as defined by the degree of infiltration of both VEGFR-1+ neo-vessels and CD68+ cells, in aggressive lymphomas including DLBCL as compared to the indolent subtypes. Specifically, CD68 cell counts (mean±S.E. in 200X high power field (HPF)) for aggressive vs. indolent vs. benign hyperplasia were: 235.48±16.91 (n=30) vs. 35.98±4.48 (n=12) vs. 79.06±12.41 (n=5), p<0.0001 by ANOVA test; hemangiogenic index for DLBCL vs. CLL vs. FL: 18.14±1.27% (n=5) vs. 3.39±0.97% (n=4) vs. 6.08±1.26% (n=5), p< 0.0001. Transformed DLBCL (from indolent subtypes) had a similar increase in CD68+ cells compared to de novo DLBCL (193.97±58.10 (n=5) vs. 241.77±18.15 (n=23), p=0.81). In DLBCL, CD68+ cells were localized to the peri-endothelial region of the VEGFR-1+ neo-vessels and stromal compartment. Remarkably, although the expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) was barely detectable in the aggressive subtypes, there was a profound diffuse increase of α-SMA throughout the stromal compartment of CLL/SLL. Surprisingly, there was no correlation between the CD34+ microvessel density (MVD) and the lymphoma subtypes (aggressive vs. indolent vs. benign hyperplasia: 39.29±3.42 vs. 41.88±5.38 vs. 47.92±5.84, p=0.61). CONCLUSIONS: These data introduce the novel concept that the extent of vessel density has no correlation with the histologic grade of lymphomas. However, the stromal hemangiogenic index, as quantified by the incorporation of CD68+, VEGFR-1+, and α-SMA+ cells, correlates with NHL subtypes. Increased incorporation of pro-angiogenic CD68+ cells and diminished localization of α-SMA+ cells to the peri-vascular zone may contribute to enhanced neo-angiogenesis and tumor growth in DLBCL; while decrease in the CD68+ cells and increase in the α-SMA+ cells may promote neo-vessel stability in CLL/SLL. Thus stromal hemangiogenic components in lymphoma could potentially be targeted for therapeutic intervention.

scholarly journals Temporal primary cutaneous carcinosarcoma in the ear: A case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-182
Author(s):  
Issam Msakni ◽  
Aya Khemir ◽  
Nada Mansouri
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
The Body ◽  
Muscle Actin ◽  
Epithelial Component ◽  
Spindle Cells ◽  
Stromal Component ◽  
Peripheral Palisading ◽  
Biphasic Tumor

Carcinosarcoma is a rare biphasic tumor made of two malignant components—the epithelial component and the stromal component—that can develop anywhere on the body, but mainly in sun-exposed areas. We report the case of a 78-year-old male who presented himself with a right temporal tumor in the ear 10 cm in diameter. A biopsy suggested a sarcoma. The patient underwent an extensive surgical resection of the temporal mass and the ipsilateral ear. A microscopic examination of the tumor revealed two intermixed malignant contingents. The epithelial component was made of atypical basaloid cells arranged in nests with peripheral palisading and expressing cytokeratin. The stromal component was made of atypical spindle cells expressing smooth muscle actin (SMA). A diagnosis of primary cutaneous carcinosarcoma with clear margins was reached. The patient is alive and without recurrence after twelve months of a follow-up period.

scholarly journals Histochemical and Immunohistochemical Study of Peripolar Cells in Sheep

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Passos Joana ◽  
Prada Justina ◽  
Bento Lígia ◽  
Rodrigues Paula ◽  
Pires Isabel
Keyword(s):  
Immunohistochemical Study ◽  
Contractile Function ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
S100 Protein ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Muscle Actin ◽  
Peripolar Cells ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analyses

Peripolar cells are granulated cells located in the vascular pole of the renal corpuscle. Even though these cells have already been described, there are still many unknown histological and physiological characteristics. We carried out histochemical and immunohistochemical analyses of peripolar cells in sheep and compared their number in both normal and injured kidneys, discriminating according to the age of the animal. We tested HE, Toluidine Blue, PAS, and Masson's Trichrome stains to select the best stain for identification and quantification. Masson Trichrome yielded the best results and was selected for this purpose. We identified the cells by the presence of cytoplasmatic granules and by their position in the vascular pole. We found no statistically significant association between the number of peripolar cells and the age of the animal or the occurrence of lesions. In the immunohistochemical analysis, we found that the cells were positive to α-smooth muscle actin and less consistently positive to NSE and S100 protein. Chromogranin A, cyclooxygenase-2, AE1/AE3, and Wide Spectrum Cytokeratin and desmin yielded negative results. We conclude that although there was evidence of a contractile function, there was no evidence to support that peripolar cells have either a neuroendocrine or an epithelial nature.

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