A Multidimensional Scaling Approach to Technology Categorization

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 968-971
Author(s):  
Sidney T. Scott-Sharoni ◽  
Rachel E. Stuck ◽  
Bruce N. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Multidimensional Scaling ◽  
Mental Models ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Perceived Similarity ◽  
Virtual Devices

The increasing reliance on and advancement of technology requires an in-depth exploration into how users interact with mechanical and virtual devices. To explore how individuals categorize different technologies, we conducted a multidimensional scaling (MDS) study to analyze the perceived similarity or dissimilarity between technologies. In the exploratory study on 23 devices, we found items rated similarly based on two dimensions – technological sophistication and size. Technology categorization, specifically with the use of MDS, is an under investigated approach in human factors that, through further exploration, may yield a better understanding of users’ mental models and acceptance, with utility for both designers and researchers.

scholarly journals Perceptions of Terms Used to Describe Automation in Vehicles: A Multidimensional Scaling Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Nees
Keyword(s):  
Multidimensional Scaling ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Automated Systems ◽  
Functional Capabilities ◽  
Level Of Automation ◽  
Similarity Ratings

Concerns have arisen that the functionality implied by some of the terms used to described automation in vehicles does not align with the actual capabilities of automated systems. An exploratory study examined perceptions of a sample of 39 words, phrases, or names used to described automation in vehicles using similarity ratings analyzed with multidimensional scaling (MDS). Participants rated the extent to which they perceived that pairs of terms indicated similar or dissimilar functional capabilities of vehicles. The model with two dimensions was selected as the most appropriate model for interpretation; the model produced a stress value of .26 and R2 = .80. The first dimension clearly corresponded to the perceived level of automation. In some instances, the model suggested that participants’ perceptions of the terms did not align with the capabilities associated with the technical definitions of the terms. Instances of both under- and over-estimation of capabilities were suggested by the model.

MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS OF PERCEIVED DYSFUNCTION RATINGS OF PERSONALITY DISORDER SYMPTOMS

2004 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 595-606
Author(s):  
David C. Watson ◽  
Andrew J. Howell
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Multidimensional Scaling ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Social Impairment ◽  
Multivariate Techniques ◽  
Personal Distress ◽  
High Distress

Dysfunction in personality disorder symptoms was assessed using multivariate techniques to analyse lay judges' (N = 216) ratings of occupational impairment, social impairment, and personal distress. Factor analysis revealed that ratings of occupational impairment and social impairment loaded onto distinct factors. Personal distress ratings loaded onto two separate factors: high distress and low distress. Multidimensional scaling revealed two dimensions for overall dysfunction among personality disorders: severity of dysfunction and internalization-externalization. The dimensions were independence-dependence and severity of dysfunction for occupational impairment, interpersonal involvement and dominance-submission for social impairment, and internalization-externalization and severity for personal distress.

scholarly journals COUNTRY MATTERS: WELL-BEING AND EMIGRATION PLANS AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN SLOVAKIA AND BULGARIA: THE MEDIATION EFFECT OF ROOTEDNESS

2020 ◽  
pp. 107-119
Author(s):  
Frederika Lučanská ◽  
◽  
Oľga Orosová ◽  
Vihra Naydenova ◽  
Jozef Benka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
One Dimension ◽  
Psychological Mechanisms ◽  
The Relationship

The objective of this exploratory study was to examine the relationship between well-being, rootedness and emigration plans (EP) among university students in Slovakia and Bulgaria. It also explored the mediation effect of rootedness in the relationship between well-being and EP. The data were collected throughan online survey (SLiCE 2016). The research sample consisted of 361 university students (M=22.4 years, SD=3.8) from Slovakia (141, 86.5% female) and Bulgaria (220, 69.1% female). Based on their emigration plans, the respondentswere dividedinto two groups;those who do not plan to leave (n=218, 60.4%) and those who plan to leave in the long term (n=143, 39.6%) after they finish university. ForSlovakia, all factors were significantly related toEP. Furthermore, the association between well-being and EP was fully mediated by two dimensions of rootedness with different psychological mechanisms. For Bulgaria, only well-being and onedimension of rootedness,desire for change,were significantly related to EP. It was also found that the association between well-being and EP was partially mediated by only one dimension of rootedness –desire for change. This study highlightsthat rootedness hasa different relationship with other examined factorsin different countries and also that it is necessary to respect the cultural and socio-economic featuresof acountry.

Human Factors in Interface Design

2011 ◽  
pp. 45-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiyang Chen ◽  
Vinai Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Mental Models ◽  
Interface Design ◽  
Human Factor ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
User Performance ◽  
System Analysis And Design ◽  
Human Factor Engineering ◽  
Analysis And Design

This paper discusses the issues of human factors that affect interface design. It addresses the challenges that system analysts may face. It presents the strategies of incorporating human factor engineering into the process of system analysis and design. The user performance and their mental models are also discussed.

Mental Models: Theory and Application in Human Factors

1989 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 617-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Wilson ◽  
Andrew Rutherford
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Representation ◽  
Human Factors ◽  
Mental Models ◽  
Psychological Perspective ◽  
Forms Of Knowledge ◽  
Mental Models Theory

This review points out confusion surrounding the concept and use of mental models from the viewpoints of both human factors and psychology. Noted are the ways in which the notion is conceived according to the needs and approaches of different specialties, and the relationships of mental models to other forms of knowledge representation are considered. The manner in which the human factors community has and should utilize the concept in applications across a number of fields is addressed and discussed in relation to the psychological perspective.

Manprint Perspectives: R&D/Production and Government/Industry

1987 ◽  
Vol 31 (9) ◽  
pp. 1040-1041
Author(s):  
Joseph I. Peters
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Us Army ◽  
Panel Session ◽  
The Us ◽  
High Level ◽  
The U.S

This panel session is intended to be responsive to continued, high-level attention given by the U.S. Army to its MANPRINT (Manpower and Personnel Integration) initiative and to the continued, if not increasing, interest expressed by the human factors community in MANPRINT efforts. LTC William O. Blackwood from the US Army MANPRINT Policy Office will precede the panelists' presentations with a brief MANPRINT overview. MANPRINT interests will then be discussed by panelists representing four perspectives along two dimensions as represented in Figure 1.

Impressions in the Dark: A Multidimensional Scaling Approach to Multi-Modal Experience

1976 ◽  
Vol 42 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1031-1036
Author(s):  
Noreen Webb
Keyword(s):  
Multidimensional Scaling ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Nonmetric Multidimensional Scaling ◽  
Auditory Stimuli ◽  
Similarity Data ◽  
Musical Chords

12 students rated the experienced similarities among 16 compound visual-auditory stimuli. Each of 4 colors was combined with each of 4 musical chords to form 16 color-chord impressions. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling of the 16 × 16 matrix of similarity data yielded an orderly and interpretable solution in two dimensions. The results suggest that the color-chord combinations produced psychologically integrated impressions which varied along orthogonal dimensions of darkness (versus lightness) and spread (versus compactness) of chords.

Individual Differences in Metacognitive Decision Making and Situation Assessment

1995 ◽  
Vol 39 (13) ◽  
pp. 878-881 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pat-Anthony Federico
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Multidimensional Scaling ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Event Sequence ◽  
Pairwise Similarity ◽  
Situation Assessment ◽  
Scaling Solution ◽  
Similarity Ratings ◽  
Tactical Decision ◽  
Naval Officers

28 senior naval officers (experts) and 48 junior naval officers (novices) (1) categorized tactical situations, (2) performed pairwise similarity ratings of them, and (3) represented their metacognitive models of tactical decision making as graphic weighted networks. Multidimensional scaling was conducted employing subjects’ pairwise similarity ratings of tactical situations. Using classification measures and multidimensional weights as dependent variables and salient metacognitive link weights as independent variables, two one-way multivariate analyses of covariance between experts and novices and associated statistics were computed. Some of the results of canonical and regression analyses and product-moment correlations validated an important aspect of a metacognitive model of naturalistic schema-driven tactical decision making. They established significant associations of the two link weights connecting event sequence and similarity recognition to situation assessment with actual performances on the two experimental tasks requiring situation assessment. These findings demonstrated (1) the importance of event sequence and similarity recognition as necessary input to situation assessment, and (2) these two metacognitive links are significantly associated with the recognition of similar scenarios. Experts and novices did not differ significantly in (1) the number of categories, scenarios per category, and times to classify the tactical situations during sorting and resorting, and (2) their derived weights along the two dimensions, warfare tempo and reaction time, of the multidimensional scaling solution.

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