human factor engineering
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Author(s):  
M. Charmila ◽  
M. P. Venkatesh ◽  
G. Ramya Shree

With the evolving technology and changing regulations, the medical device sector is set to grow quickly soon. Even though they are an integral part of patient care they present several unique problems which are not sufficiently addressed by the device manufacturer or the medical community in general. Medical device is widely used by professionals in a clinical setup, by patients, family members at home. As step towards better understanding the rules, regulations, and the required reforms for the safe use of medical devices various measures taken by different regulatory authorities to ensure the minimization of use error are discussed. Human factor engineering and ergonomics are considered while designing a medical device. It is evident that all the stakeholders involved contribute to the safety of the medical device keeping in mind the welfare of the patient but is that enough and what can be done is discussed in this review work.


Author(s):  
Ronak Patel ◽  
Pravin Nair ◽  
Meenal Bhatnagar ◽  
Sridevi Khambhampaty ◽  
Suresh Gupta

Kerntechnik ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 86 (6) ◽  
pp. 470-477
Author(s):  
M. Farcasiu ◽  
C. Constantinescu

Abstract This paper provides the empirical basis to support predictions of the Human Factor Engineering (HFE) influences in Human Reliability Analysis (HRA). A few methods were analyzed to identify HFE concepts in approaches of Performance Shaping Factors (PSFs): Technique for Human Error Rate Prediction (THERP), Human Cognitive Reliability (HCR) and Cognitive Reliability and Error Analysis Method (CREAM), Success Likelihood Index Method (SLIM) Plant Analysis Risk – Human Reliability Analysis (SPAR-H), A Technique for Human Error Rate Prediction (ATHEANA) and Man-Machine-Organization System Analysis (MMOSA). Also, in order to identify other necessary PSFs in HFE, an additional investigation process of human performance (HPIP) in event occurrences was used. Thus, the human error probability could be reduced and its evaluating can give out the information for error detection and recovery. The HFE analysis model developed using BHEP values (maximum and pessimistic) is based on the simplifying assumption that all specific circumstances of HFE characteristics are equal in importance and have the same value of influence on human performance. This model is incorporated into the PSA through the HRA methodology. Finally, a clarification of the relationships between task analysis and the HFE is performed, ie between potential human errors and design requirements.


2021 ◽  
pp. 175114372110077
Author(s):  
M Wittenberg ◽  
J Fabes ◽  
D Strange ◽  
M Griffin ◽  
D Lock ◽  
...  

The arrival of the COVID-19 pandemic in early 2020 threatened to overwhelm the NH ability to provide sufficient critical care support to patients in the UK. In response to a rapid rise in cases in March 2020, the UK Government issued a call to industry to rapidly design and develop additional ventilators to expand the UK’s capacity for mechanical ventilation. Three NHS consultants working in conjunction with TTP Plc (The Technology Partnership), were at the forefront, evolving the Government brief and developing a safe and effective ventilator, the CoVent™, in less than 5 weeks. The project demonstrates the ability of physicians to guide industry and pool knowledge and resources to rapidly develop and evolve technology in the face of a national emergency. This article discusses key aspects of the design process, highlights the unique human factors and engineering aspects of undertaking this amidst the coronavirus pandemic. Overall we demonstrated that when industry, healthcare and regulatory bodies collaborate and communicate efficiently, huge progress can be made in a fraction of the usual timescales.


Author(s):  
O. Protasenko ◽  
G. Mygal

The necessity of applying new directions of ergonomics to improve safety at work is considered. The relevance is conditioned by the awareness of the problem of limited natural resources and the negative impact of human activity on the environment. It led to the necessity of rethinking the concept "security" from the standpoint of sustainable development of society. Today, safety is the procuring of harmonious relations between human and the environment in all spheres of activity. In terms of occupational safety, new areas of ergonomics such as ergoecology, green ergonomics and eco-ergonomic designing can be useful in creating such balance. The work focuses on using eco-ergonomic designing principles in matters of ensuring industrial safety. Thus, the aim is the practical application of the eco-ergonomic designing principles to improve safety at working place. At researching the basic eco-ergonomic designing principle was applied - the search of an optimal combination of working conditions and technical procuring at the workplace, which would suit modern psychophysiological, social, engineering and ecological requirements. The prime tool of researching is a practical analysis of workplaces, an essential component of which is the assessment system. Based on the study results, problematic issues at workplaces got identified, and a search for their solutions got carried out. It is shown that using eco-ergonomic designing in matters of ensuring safety at the workplace makes it possible to implement the trinity necessary to maintain and preserve human health - eco-friendliness, comfort and safety. The work results: 1) for effective management of industrial safety it is necessary to make a transition from closed systems “man-machine-working environment” to open systems “man-machine-working environment-environment” through the application of the eco-ergonomic designing principles; 2) the method of eco-ergonomic assessment got proposed as the first step to a qualitative improvement in the interaction between humans and the environment; 3) modern engineers in eco-ergonomic designing should be trained in this area, taking into account the principles of human factor engineering. The practical significance of the results is in identifying problems in the functioning of the system "man-machine-working environment-environment" and determining effective measures to eliminate them. The results of its approbation proposed assessment system at the flexo printed product's enterprise confirm the effectiveness.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Ratri Atmoko

Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) is a non-fossil energy source with very high output and most sustain power plant. NPP is also classified as environmentally friendly because, in normal processes, NPP produces zero Carbon Dioxide (CO2) as the primary air pollutant. However, if there is a disaster, the impact is exceptionally terrible. Besides causing fatalities, it can also result in hazardous health problems and takes hundreds of years to recover the surrounding natural environment. Therefore, to avoid disaster, the skills of nuclear power plant operators are critical, especially in overcoming the crisis. Typical challenges in Analog System-based NPP is the synergy among operators whose numbers are higher than in digital systems. This paper reflects learning outcomes from simulation to overcome the crisis in NPP, particularly the immediacy in making the right decisions. The simulation was carried out at the Analog System-Based NPP Simulation Center in Essen, Germany, and followed by a group of students from the Human Factor Engineering Master Program, Hochschule Niederrhein, with diverse national cultural backgrounds. One result is that the unique characteristics of each nation's cultural background can affect its effectiveness in overcoming the crisis. Two different aspects are initiative and assertive behavior among people inside the group.


Author(s):  
Salman Ahmed ◽  
H. Onan Demirel

Abstract A knowledge-base that integrates human factor engineering (HFE) principles and prototyping best-practices for the design of human-centered products does not exist. This study fills this gap by proposing a prototyping framework to unify HFE principles and prototyping guidelines along with a prototyping toolbox. The framework is based on the House of Prototype Guidelines (HOPG), which introduces “Prototyping Categories and Dimensions” that are used for understanding the prototyping requirements and identifying the specifications that can be used to build a prototype. Additionally, a prototyping toolbox is introduced to classify tools and technologies to build the proposed prototype. The HOPG and prototyping toolbox are integrated via an MS Excel User-form, which proposes a systematic selection filter based on user input. The overall goal of this framework is to guide the prototyping activities in the right direction before the actual hands-on prototyping activity starts. Additionally, in this study, a cost-benefit analysis tool is proposed to calculate the value of the prototype by measuring the information gained and the resources spent. The cost-benefit analysis helps designers in narrowing down the prototyping options. A prototyping problem taken from the literature is used as a case study to demonstrate the usability and efficacy of the framework.


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