The Finite Intersection Test: A New Multivariate Statistical Technique Applicable to the Evaluation of Complex Systems

1980 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 453-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Reising ◽  
P.R. Krishnaiah
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Technique ◽  
System Evaluation ◽  
Finite Intersection ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Human Machine Interaction ◽  
Single Measure ◽  
Simultaneous Comparison ◽  
Machine Systems ◽  
Machine Interaction ◽  
Intersection Test

In complex human-machine systems, multidimensional behavior is required of the operator. Consequently, there is no commonly-accepted, single measure of operator performance which can be utilized to determine the efficiency of the human-machine interaction. Because the behavior is multidimensional, multivariate statistics must be used to analyze the multiple measures gathered during system evaluation. While multivariate analogues to analysis of variance (ANOVA) exist, there are also a number of candidate multivariate analogues to the post-ANOVA simultaneous comparison tests. This paper describes a newly developed multivariate, simultaneous comparison test–Finite Intersection Test (FIT)–and provides an example of FIT's application to the analysis of multivariate data.

Engineering of a Virtual Community Platform

2004 ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Kerstin Rose ◽  
Leon Urbas ◽  
Alexander Kunzer ◽  
Martin Christof Kindsmuller ◽  
Sandro Leuchter
Keyword(s):  
Interaction Design ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Virtual Community ◽  
Distributed Teams ◽  
Online Journal ◽  
Human Machine Interaction ◽  
Internet Portal ◽  
Shared Workspaces ◽  
Machine Systems ◽  
Machine Interaction

UseWorld.net is a federated user adaptive Internet portal that supports information exchange and cooperation in research and development in the area of human machine interaction. It has been jointly developed with members of Center of Human-Machine-Systems (ZMMS, TU Berlin), Chair of Industrial Engineering and Ergonomics (RWTH Aachen), Chair for Industrial Design (University of Essen) and Center for Human-Machine-Interaction (ZMMI, University of Kaiserslautern). The portal is operated by an independent open incorporated society. It integrates manifold information services (online journal, different thematic link collections, conference database, expert database) and a sophisticated cooperation component to support distributed teams by providing shared workspaces. Software agents for community awareness tasks and a clean and consistent interaction design complete the solution and support the portal’s innovative operation concept, which intends to activate the users to become editors.

Trust and Decision Making in Turing's Imitation Game

2018 ◽  
pp. 251-264
Author(s):  
Huma Shah ◽  
Kevin Warwick
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Turing Test ◽  
Conversational Analysis ◽  
Human Machine Interaction ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Present Evidence ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Simultaneous Comparison ◽  
Machine Interaction ◽  
Turing’S Imitation Game

Trust is an expected certainty in order to transact confidently. However, how accurate is our decision-making in human-machine interaction? In this chapter we present evidence from experimental conditions in which human interrogators used their judgement of what constitutes a satisfactory response trusting a hidden interlocutor was human when it was actually a machine. A simultaneous comparison Turing test is presented with conversation between a human judge and two hidden entities during Turing100 at Bletchley Park, UK. Results of post-test conversational analysis by the audience at Turing Education Day show more than 30% made the same identification errors as the Turing test judge. Trust is found to be misplaced in subjective certainty that could lead to susceptibility to deception in cyberspace.

Fit for Humans: A New Look for the Finite Intersection Test

1987 ◽  
Vol 31 (10) ◽  
pp. 1096-1100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy P. Barry ◽  
John Reising
Keyword(s):  
General Purpose ◽  
Computer Interface ◽  
Human Computer Interface ◽  
Finite Intersection ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Mainframe Computer ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
Computer Expertise ◽  
Intersection Test ◽  
General Purpose Software

The recent introduction of microcomputers to the business and research communities has vastly increased the population of users exposed to general purpose software programs. These users, however, often lack the level of sophistication and computer expertise characterized by those who interact with minicomputers or mainframes, making the development of user-friendly general purpose software very challenging. This paper describes the conversion of a multivariate statistical software package from operation on a mainframe computer to a microcomputer and the redesign of its human-computer interface, allowing the program to be employed by a more diverse user population.

Human-Machine Trust Interaction

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 61-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Conghui Liu
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Commerce ◽  
Intelligent System ◽  
Fast Growth ◽  
Human Machine Interaction ◽  
Current State ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Machine Systems ◽  
Machine Interaction

Improving user’s trust appropriately could help in designing an intelligent system and make it work effectively, especially with the fast growth of Web-base technology. This chapter introduces the solutions of improving user’s trust in human-machine interaction (HMI), especially for electronic commerce (e-commerce). The author firstly reviews the concept of trust and the main factors that affects the appropriateness of user’s trust in human-machine interaction, such as the properties of machine systems, the properties of human, and context. On the basis of these, the author further discusses the current state, challenges, problems and limitations of establishing and improving the user’s trust in human-machine interaction. Finally, the author summarizes and evaluates the existing solutions for improving the user’s trust appropriately in e-commerce environment.

Trust and Decision Making in Turing's Imitation Game

2019 ◽  
pp. 195-210
Author(s):  
Huma Shah ◽  
Kevin Warwick
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Turing Test ◽  
Conversational Analysis ◽  
Human Machine Interaction ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Present Evidence ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Simultaneous Comparison ◽  
Machine Interaction ◽  
Turing’S Imitation Game

Trust is an expected certainty in order to transact confidently. However, how accurate is our decision-making in human-machine interaction? In this chapter, the present evidence from experimental conditions in which human interrogators used their judgement of what constitutes a satisfactory response trusting a hidden interlocutor was human when it was actually a machine. A simultaneous comparison Turing test is presented with conversation between a human judge and two hidden entities during Turing100 at Bletchley Park, UK. Results of post-test conversational analysis by the audience at Turing Education Day show more than 30% made the same identification errors as the Turing test judge. Trust is found to be misplaced in subjective certainty that could lead to susceptibility to deception in cyberspace.

Tomorrow’s Human–Machine Design Tools: From Levels of Automation to Interdependencies

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Johnson ◽  
Jeffrey M. Bradshaw ◽  
Paul J. Feltovich
Keyword(s):  
Sociotechnical Systems ◽  
Viable Alternative ◽  
Machine Design ◽  
Design Tools ◽  
Human Machine Interaction ◽  
Intelligent Machines ◽  
Levels Of Automation ◽  
Machine Systems ◽  
Machine Interaction

The growth of sophistication in machine capabilities must go hand in hand with growth of sophistication in human–machine interaction capabilities. To continue advancement as we build today’s intelligent machines, designers need formative tools for creating sociotechnical systems. In this article, we will briefly assess the appropriateness of “levels of automation” as a tool for designing human–machine systems. Additionally, we present coactive design and interdependence analysis as a viable alternative tool moving forward into more advanced and sophisticated human–machine systems.

Web-Based Human Machine Interaction in Manufacturing

2006 ◽  
pp. 722-728
Author(s):  
Thorsten Blecker ◽  
Günter Graf
Keyword(s):  
Human Machine Interaction ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Industrial Facilities ◽  
Easy Task ◽  
Machine Systems ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Physical Output ◽  
Machine Interaction ◽  
Weld Seams

The quality of HMI in automation is an important issue in manufacturing. This special form of interaction occurs when the combination of human abilities and machine features are necessary in order to perform the tasks in manufacturing. Balint (1995) has identified three categories of such human-machine systems: 1. Machines might do the job without human involvement, but the feasibility is questionable. For example, weld seams in car assembly are made mostly autonomously by robots, but in many cases, humans have to guide the robot to the weld point, because the robot is not able to locate the point correctly, which is a relatively easy task for a human. 2. Humans might do the job without machines, but the efficiency/reliability is questionable. This is the case in almost all cases of automation (e.g., the varnishing of cars). 3. HMI is necessary (no purely machine- or human-based execution is possible), although robots today are widely in use; in many cases, they cannot substitute humans completely, because the possible conflicts that can occur are so diverse that a robot alone cannot manage them. The term HMI is used widely for the interaction of a human and a somewhat artificial, automated facility, which is true in many situations, including HCI. In this article, we speak of HMI in industrial settings. We term the machine especially for industrial facilities for producing a certain (physical) output; in this case, the term man-machine interaction also is used synonymously for HMI. We define HMI as the relation between a human operator and one or more machines via an interface for embracing the functions of machine handling, programming, simulation, maintenance, diagnosis, and initialization.

Human-Machine Trust Interaction

2010 ◽  
pp. 471-486
Author(s):  
Conghui Liu
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Commerce ◽  
Intelligent System ◽  
Fast Growth ◽  
Human Machine Interaction ◽  
Current State ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Machine Systems ◽  
Machine Interaction

Improving user’s trust appropriately could help in designing an intelligent system and make it work effectively, especially with the fast growth of Web-base technology. This chapter introduces the solutions of improving user’s trust in human-machine interaction (HMI), especially for electronic commerce (e-commerce). The author firstly reviews the concept of trust and the main factors that affects the appropriateness of user’s trust in human-machine interaction, such as the properties of machine systems, the properties of human, and context. On the basis of these, the author further discusses the current state, challenges, problems and limitations of establishing and improving the user’s trust in human-machine interaction. Finally, the author summarizes and evaluates the existing solutions for improving the user’s trust appropriately in e-commerce environment.

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