Utility of the Limited Prosocial Emotions Specifier in Preschoolers With Conduct Problems

Assessment ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 107319112110510
Author(s):  
Pevitr S. Bansal ◽  
Patrick K. Goh ◽  
Ashley G. Eng ◽  
Anjeli R. Elkins ◽  
Melina Thaxton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conduct Problems ◽  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Verbal Ability ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Clinical Value ◽  
Full Sample ◽  
Callous Unemotional ◽  
Internalizing Psychopathology ◽  
Limited Prosocial Emotions

This study examined the clinical utility of the “Limited Prosocial Emotions” (LPE) specifier (i.e., prevalence rates, group differences, and predictive utility) in a high-risk preschool sample ( N = 109, M age = 4.77) presenting with conduct problems (CPs; n = 59). First, LPE prevalence rates ranged from 7.7% to 89.8%. Next, few group differences were observed between with CP-only and CP+LPE; youth with CP+LPE differed from youth with CP-only on callous-unemotional (CU) traits and verbal ability, but not on externalizing or internalizing psychopathology, nor on parenting experiences. In the full sample, youth with LPE differed from youth without LPE on externalizing and internalizing psychopathology, parenting, and verbal ability. Finally, LPE predicted greater baseline CP but did not predict trajectories of CP. Findings highlight the clinical utility of the LPE specifier during early childhood and call for a refinement of the LPE specifier to improve its clinical value.

scholarly journals Clinical Utility of the Limited Prosocial Emotions Specifier in the Childhood-Onset Subtype of Conduct Disorder

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (12) ◽  
pp. 838-845 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michèle Déry ◽  
Vincent Bégin ◽  
Jean Toupin ◽  
Caroline Temcheff
Keyword(s):  
Conduct Disorder ◽  
Conduct Problems ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Clinical Usefulness ◽  
Childhood Onset ◽  
Persistent Symptoms ◽  
Stable Pattern ◽  
Oppositional Defiant ◽  
Limited Prosocial Emotions

Objective: Clinicians may specify the diagnosis of conduct disorder (CD) as “with limited prosocial emotions” (LPE). This specifier is thought to identify youths with particularly severe and stable symptomatology. However, few studies have examined the clinical usefulness of the LPE specifier among children with childhood-onset CD. The current study examines whether the LPE specifier distinguishes children with particularly severe and persistent symptoms among those with childhood-onset CD. The study also aims to test whether the LPE specifier aids in identifying children with subclinical CD whose conduct problems are at risk of increasing. Method: Two hundred sixty-four children showing at least one CD symptom before age 10 were divided based on the presence of CD and the specifier. Children with and without the specifier were compared on number of CD symptoms (assessed at study inception) and trajectory of conduct problems (assessed over 4 years). The analyses controlled for oppositional defiant and attention deficit hyperactivity symptomatology. Results: Compared with children with CD but without LPE, children with CD and the LPE specifier did not differ on likelihood of endorsing most symptoms nor on total numbers of symptoms. Moreover, they did not show a more stable pattern of conduct problems across the 4 years. Children with subclinical CD with and without the LPE specifier were also similar in terms of their symptoms, severity, and evolution of their problems. Conclusions: Among youths with childhood-onset CD, the specifier appears to offer limited value in identifying those with particularly severe and stable CD symptomatology.

scholarly journals Callous-unemotional traits drive reduced white-matter integrity in youths with conduct problems

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (14) ◽  
pp. 3033-3046 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. Breeden ◽  
E. M. Cardinale ◽  
L. M. Lozier ◽  
J. W. VanMeter ◽  
A. A. Marsh
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Conduct Problems ◽  
Externalizing Behavior ◽  
Externalizing Behaviors ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Stria Terminalis ◽  
Uncinate Fasciculus ◽  
Cu Traits ◽  
Callous Unemotional

Background.Callous-unemotional (CU) traits represent a significant risk factor for severe and persistent conduct problems in children and adolescents. Extensive neuroimaging research links CU traits to structural and functional abnormalities in the amygdala and ventromedial prefrontal cortex. In addition, adults with psychopathy (a disorder for which CU traits are a developmental precursor) exhibit reduced integrity in uncinate fasciculus, a white-matter (WM) tract that connects prefrontal and temporal regions. However, research in adolescents has not yet yielded similarly consistent findings.Method.We simultaneously modeled CU traits and externalizing behaviors as continuous traits, while controlling for age and IQ, in order to identify the unique relationship of each variable with WM microstructural integrity, assessed using diffusion tensor imaging. We used tract-based spatial statistics to evaluate fractional anisotropy, an index of WM integrity, in uncinate fasciculus and stria terminalis in 47 youths aged 10–17 years, of whom 26 exhibited conduct problems and varying levels of CU traits.Results.Whereas both CU traits and externalizing behaviors were negatively correlated with WM integrity in bilateral uncinate fasciculus and stria terminalis/fornix, simultaneously modeling both variables revealed that these effects were driven by CU traits; the severity of externalizing behavior was not related to WM integrity after controlling for CU traits.Conclusions.These results indicate that WM abnormalities similar to those observed in adult populations with psychopathy may emerge in late childhood or early adolescence, and may be critical to understanding the social and affective deficits observed in this population.

scholarly journals Emotion Recognition Deficits among Children with Conduct Problems and Callous-Unemotional Behaviors

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 174-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter D. Rehder ◽  
W. Roger Mills-Koonce ◽  
Michael T. Willoughby ◽  
Patricia Garrett-Peters ◽  
Nicholas J. Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Conduct Problems ◽  
Callous Unemotional

scholarly journals Clinical Efficacy of Fuzheng Guben Anticancer Decoction Combined with Taxol in Treating Ovarian Carcinoma and Its Effect on Complication Incidence

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Pinger Li ◽  
Yinmei Lou
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Carcinoma ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Clinical Efficacy ◽  
Remission Rate ◽  
General Information ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Clinical Value ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Experimental Group

Objective. To investigate the clinical value of Fuzheng Guben anticancer decoction combined with taxol in treating ovarian carcinoma (OC). Methods. The medical records of 80 OC patients treated in the First People’s Hospital of Fuyang Hangzhou (January 2018–January 2021) were retrospectively analyzed, and the patients were split into the control group and the experimental group according to the treatment regimen, with 40 cases each. Those in the control group accepted the taxol chemotherapy, and on this basis, those in the experimental group took the Fuzheng Guben anticancer decoction, so as to compare its clinical efficacy and complication incidence. Results. No statistical between-group differences in patients’ general information were observed P > 0.05 ; compared with the control group, the disease objective remission rate of the experimental group was greatly higher P < 0.05 ; before and after treatment, the changes in CD8+ were not significant, indicating no statistically significant between-group differences P > 0.05 , and after treatment, CD3+, CD4+, and CD4+/CD8+ were obviously higher than before and were obviously higher in the experimental group than in the control group P < 0.05 ; after treatment, the CA125, CA199, and CEA levels were obviously lower than before and were significantly lower in the experimental group than in the control group P < 0.05 ; the mean survival of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group (19.80 ± 5.84 vs. 14.075 ± 5.12 months, P < 0.05 ); and between the two groups, the incidence rate of adverse reactions of the experimental group was remarkably lower P < 0.05 . Conclusion. On the basis of taxol chemotherapy, jointly applying Fuzheng Guben anticancer decoction can significantly improve the clinical efficacy of OC, help to improve patients’ immune function, lower the complication incidence rate, and prolong the mean survival.

Effects of Intensive Behavioral Treatment for Children With Varying Levels of Conduct Problems and Callous-Unemotional Traits

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pevitr S. Bansal ◽  
Daniel A. Waschbusch ◽  
Sarah M. Haas ◽  
Dara E. Babinski ◽  
Sara King ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conduct Problems ◽  
Behavioral Treatment ◽  
Callous Unemotional ◽  
Callous Unemotional Traits ◽  
Unemotional Traits ◽  
Intensive Behavioral Treatment

Clinical utility of biochemical analysis of cerebrospinal fluid

1995 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
M A Watson ◽  
M G Scott
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Clinical Chemistry ◽  
Chemistry Laboratory ◽  
Microbial Culture ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Clinical Value ◽  
Clinical Chemistry Laboratory ◽  
Biochemical Measurements

Abstract In addition to microbial culture, cytology, and immunological studies, physicians rely on the clinical chemistry laboratory for biochemical analysis of patients' cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). However, apart from routine glucose and protein determinations, the clinical value of other CSF analytes is often unclear. Here, we review the literature pertaining to the use of CSF biochemical measurements in managing patients with infectious disease, neoplasia, stroke and trauma, and dementia. Although a small number of studies demonstrate potential usefulness of some markers, we conclude that, without further study, the data are insufficient to support the routine clinical use of most of the analytes examined.

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