Vehicle axle identification using wavelet analysis of bridge global responses

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (17) ◽  
pp. 2830-2840 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Yu ◽  
CS Cai ◽  
Lu Deng
Keyword(s):  
Wavelet Analysis ◽  
Surface Condition ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Road Surface ◽  
Identification Accuracy ◽  
The Road ◽  
Identification Method ◽  
Weigh In Motion ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Bridge Models

Bridge weigh-in-motion (BWIM) technique uses an instrumented bridge as a weighing scale to estimate vehicle weights. Traditional BWIM systems use axle detectors placed on the road surface to identify vehicle axles. However, the axle detectors have poor durability due to the direct exposure to the traffic. To resolve this issue, a free-of-axle-detector (FAD) algorithm, which eliminates the use of axle detectors, was proposed. As a further improvement to simplify the BWIM systems, the concept of nothing-on-road (NOR) BWIM was recently introduced. The axle identification method proposed in this paper is an attempt to achieve the NOR BWIM, i.e., using bridge global responses to identify vehicle axles. Wavelet analysis is applied to extract the axle information from the global responses. This allows the BWIM technique to be achieved with only weighing sensors. Numerical simulations are conducted using three-dimensional vehicle and bridge models and the effect of several parameters, including sampling frequency, road surface condition and measurement noise on the identification accuracy is investigated. The results demonstrate that the proposed identification method using wavelet analysis can accurately identify vehicle axles, except for cases where the road surface condition is rough or measurement noises exceed certain levels.

scholarly journals Road Surface Condition Forecasting in France

2009 ◽  
Vol 48 (12) ◽  
pp. 2513-2527 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Bouilloud ◽  
E. Martin ◽  
F. Habets ◽  
A. Boone ◽  
P. Le Moigne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Surface Condition ◽  
Road Surface ◽  
Snow Layer ◽  
Surface Conditions ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Surface Temperature ◽  
On The Road

Abstract A numerical model designed to simulate the evolution of a snow layer on a road surface was forced by meteorological forecasts so as to assess its potential for use within an operational suite for road management in winter. The suite is intended for use throughout France, even in areas where no observations of surface conditions are available. It relies on short-term meteorological forecasts and long-term simulations of surface conditions using spatialized meteorological data to provide the initial conditions. The prediction of road surface conditions (road surface temperature and presence of snow on the road) was tested at an experimental site using data from a comprehensive experimental field campaign. The results were satisfactory, with detection of the majority of snow and negative road surface temperature events. The model was then extended to all of France with an 8-km grid resolution, using forcing data from a real-time meteorological analysis system. Many events with snow on the roads were simulated for the 2004/05 winter. Results for road surface temperature were checked against road station data from several highways, and results for the presence of snow on the road were checked against measurements from the Météo-France weather station network.

scholarly journals Proposal of the Tire Longitudinal Characteristics Real-Time Estimation Method

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 811-818
Author(s):  
Yuuki Shiozawa ◽  
◽  
Shunsuke Tsukuda ◽  
Hiroshi Mouri
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Vehicle Dynamics ◽  
Surface Condition ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Road Surface ◽  
Force Estimation ◽  
The Road ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
On The Road

For vehicle dynamics control and Autonomous Driving (AD) system, it is important to know the friction coefficient μ of the road surface accurately. It is because the lateral and the longitudinal force characteristics of the tire depend on the road surface condition largely. However, currently, it is difficult to detect tire performance degradation before the deterioration of vehicle dynamics in real time because tire force estimation is usually conducted by comparing the observed vehicle motion with the onboard reference vehicle-model motion. Such conventional estimators do not perform well if there is a significant difference between the vehicle and the model behavior. In this paper, a new tire state estimation method based on this tire longitudinal characteristic is proposed. In addition, the estimator for tire-road surface friction coefficient μ is proposed by using this geometric relationship. Using this method, the friction coefficient value for a real road can be determined from relatively simple calculations. Also, the advantage of this method is that it can be estimated in a small slip region before the tire loses its grip. In addition, this paper explain how to apply and the effect on the actual vehicle.

scholarly journals The design and implementation of road condition warning system for drivers

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 985-994
Author(s):  
Mustafa Teke ◽  
Fecir Duran
Keyword(s):  
Intelligent Transportation Systems ◽  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Surface Condition ◽  
Intelligent Transportation ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Road Surface ◽  
Raspberry Pi ◽  
K Nearest Neighbor ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road

Intelligent transportation systems are advanced applications that inform vehicle drivers about road conditions. The main purpose of the intelligent transportation systems is to reduce either tangible or intangible loss for the drivers by ensuring the safety of passengers and vehicles. In this study, a system is designed and implemented using wireless sensor networks to inform vehicle drivers about the condition of the road surface. Icing has been chosen as the primary focus of the study since it is considered to be a big threat to road and driver’s safety. The temperature at 10 cm depth of the road, air temperature, relative humidity, air pressure and conductivity values are used as the input data for the prediction of icing on the road surface. The data were previously collected on Raspberry Pi which is a single-board computer and the data were read and processed instantly via k-nearest neighbor algorithm. Using these collected data, the road surface condition is classified as icy, dry, wet or salty-wet. The analyzed results for the road surface condition are presented to the drivers via a mobile application in real time. The drivers are alerted visually and audibly as they approach the coordinates on the road where risky conditions are present.

scholarly journals Effects of Speeds and Weights of Travelling Vehicles on the Road Surface Temperature

2021 ◽  
pp. 100077
Author(s):  
Samim Mustafa ◽  
Hidehiko Sekiya ◽  
Aya Hamajima ◽  
Iwao Maeda ◽  
Shuichi Hirano
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Road Surface ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Surface Temperature ◽  
On The Road

Three Dimensional Dynamic Analyses on Stroller Wheel with Shock Absorber

2013 ◽  
Vol 387 ◽  
pp. 159-163
Author(s):  
Yi Chern Hsieh ◽  
Minh Hai Doan ◽  
Chen Tai Chang
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Adaptive Finite Element Method ◽  
Adaptive Finite Element ◽  
The Road ◽  
Dimensional Finite Element ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Three Dimensional Finite Element ◽  
Element Method

We present the analyses of dynamics behaviors on a stroller wheel by three dimensional finite element method. The vibration of the wheel system causes by two different type barriers on the road as an experiment design to mimic the real road conditions. In addition to experiment analysis, we use two different packages to numerically simulate the wheel system dynamics activities. Some of the simulation results have good agreement with the experimental data in this research. Other interesting data will be measured and analyzed by us for future study and we will investigate them by using adaptive finite element method for increasing the precision of the computation results.

scholarly journals On the road to consistent Type Ia supernova explosion models

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (14) ◽  
pp. 308-309
Author(s):  
Friedrich K. Röpke
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Supernova Explosion ◽  
The Road ◽  
Type Ia Supernova ◽  
Type Ia ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Consistent Picture ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Distance Indicators ◽  
Three Dimensional Simulations

AbstractKeeping up with ever more detailed observations, Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) explosion models have seen a brisk development over the past years. The aim is to construct a self-consistent picture of the physical processes in order to gain the predictive power necessary to answer questions arising from the application of SNe Ia as cosmological distance indicators. We review recent developments in modeling these objects focusing on three-dimensional simulations.

scholarly journals STUDI KERUSAKAN JALAN DITINJAU DARI FAKTOR SETEMPAT (STUDI KASUS RUAS JALAN BLANGKEJEREN – LAWE AUNAN)

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 667-678
Author(s):  
Mulyadi Mulyadi ◽  
Muhammad Isya ◽  
Sofyan M. Saleh
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Condition Index ◽  
Road Surface ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Pavement Condition ◽  
Local Factors ◽  
The Road ◽  
Pavement Condition Index ◽  
On The Road

Abstract: Blangkejeren - Lawe Aunan road conditions overall is on the slopes of the mountains which is strongly influenced by local environmental factors such as drainage, topography, soil conditions, material conditions and vehicle load conditions across the road. It should be noted in order to avoid a decrease in the road quality due to road surface damage that can affect the traffic safety, comfort and smoothness.. Therefore, it is necessary to study the evaluation of the condition of the damaged road surface and the local factors that affect the damage in order to avoid a decrease in the roads quality. This study took place on Blangkejeren - Lawe Aunan roads started from Sta. 529 + 700 - Sta. 535 + 206. Generally, the condition of roads in this segment were found damage that disturb the comfort, smoothness and safety of the roads users. In this study, the primary data obtained by actual surveys in the form of data field length, width, area, and depth of each type of damage as well as local factors that lead to such damage. Actual field surveys conducted along the 5.506 km, with the distance interval of each segment is 100 m. The secondary data obtained from the relevant institutions and other materials related to this research. This study analyzed the PCI method (Pavement Condition Index) to obtain the level of damage in order to know how to handle, while for the identification of the damage done by observation factors descriptively appropriate observation in the field such as the number of damage points. The results of this study found that the type of damage caused to roads is damage to the cover layer, a hole, and curly. This type of damage that commonly occurs on the road Blangkejeren - Lawe Aunan is damage to the edges with a percentage of 87.30%. The local factors that greatly affect drainage on the percentage of damage is 62.00%. PCI average value is 13.47 which indicates a very bad condition (very poor) and requires maintenance or improvement of reconstruction.Abstrak: Kondisi jalan Blangkejeren – Lawe Aunan secara keseluruhan berada di lereng pegunungan sangat dipengaruhi oleh faktor lingkungan setempat seperti drainase, topografi, kondisi tanah, kondisi material dan kondisi beban kendaraan yang melintasi jalan tersebut. Hal ini perlu diperhatikan agar tidak terjadi penurunan kualitas jalan akibat kerusakan permukaan jalan sehingga dapat mempengaruhi keamanan, kenyamanan, dan kelancaran dalam berlalu lintas. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan penelitian evaluasi terhadap kondisi permukaan jalan yang mengalami kerusakan serta faktor setempat yang mempengaruhi kerusakan tersebut agar tidak terjadi penurunan kualitas jalan. Penelitian ini mengambil lokasi di ruas jalan Blangkejeren – Lawe Aunan yang dimulai dari Sta. 529+700 - Sta. 535+206. Umumnya kondisi ruas jalan pada segmen ini banyak ditemukan kerusakan-kerusakan yang dapat mengganggu kenyamanan, kelancaran, dan keamanan pengguna jalan. Dalam penelitian ini data primer diperoleh dengan melakukan survei aktual lapangan yaitu berupa data panjang, lebar, luasan, dan kedalaman tiap jenis kerusakan serta faktor setempat yang mengakibatkan kerusakan tersebut. Survei aktual lapangan dilakukan sepanjang 5,506 km, dengan jarak interval setiap segmen adalah 100 m. Adapun data sekunder diperoleh dari lembaga terkait dan bahan lainnya yang berhubungan dengan penelitian ini. Penelitian ini dianalisis dengan metode PCI (Pavement Condition Index) untuk mendapatkan tingkat kerusakan agar diketahui cara penanganannya, sedangkan untuk identifikasi faktor kerusakannya dilakukan dengan pengamatan secara diskriptif sesuai hasil pengamatan di lapangan berupa jumlah titik kerusakan. Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan bahwa jenis kerusakan yang terjadi pada ruas jalan adalah kerusakan lapisan penutup, lubang, dan keriting. Jenis kerusakan yang umum terjadi pada ruas jalan Blangkejeren – Lawe Aunan adalah kerusakan tepi dengan persentase 87,30 %. Faktor setempat yang sangat mempengaruhi kerusakan adalah drainase dengan persentase 62,00%. Nilai PCI rata-rata yaitu 13,47 yang menunjukkan kondisi sangat buruk (very poor) dan memerlukan pemeliharaan peningkatan atau rekonstruksi.

scholarly journals Pavement State Recognition Method Considering Slope

2021 ◽  
Vol 2113 (1) ◽  
pp. 012080
Author(s):  
Xiuhao Xi ◽  
Jun Xiao ◽  
Qiang Zhang ◽  
Yanchao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Surface Condition ◽  
Lateral Force ◽  
Longitudinal Force ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Road Surface ◽  
Tire Model ◽  
State Recognition ◽  
Adhesion Coefficient ◽  
The Road ◽  
Real Time Tracking

Abstract For the problem of road surface condition recognition, this paper proposes a real-time tracking method to estimate road surface slope and adhesion coefficient. Based on the fusion of dynamics and kinematics, the current road slope of the vehicle which correct vertical load is estimated. The effect of the noise from dynamic and kinematic methods on the estimation results is removed by designing a filter. The normalized longitudinal force and lateral force are calculated by Dugoff tire model, and the Jacobian matrix of the vector function of the process equation is obtained by combining the relevant theory of EKF algorithm. The road adhesion coefficient is estimated finally. The effectiveness of the algorithm is demonstrated by analyzing the results under different operating conditions, such as docking road and bisectional road, using a joint simulation of Matlab/Simulink and Carsim.

Influence of Silica Sand Particles on Disc Brake Squeal Noise

2013 ◽  
Vol 471 ◽  
pp. 81-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Razimi Mat Lazim ◽  
Abd Rahim Abu Bakar ◽  
Mohd Kameil Abdul Hamid ◽  
Izzat Mohd Asri
Keyword(s):  
Surface Condition ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Silica Sand ◽  
Brake Pad ◽  
Brake Squeal ◽  
The Road ◽  
Film Distribution ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Sand Particles ◽  
On The Road

Researchers in recent years begin to explore on tribological behavior of automotive brake squeal phenomena which covers the morphology, chemical composition, friction and wear, phase composition and third body or friction film distribution. However less effort has been made to study the tribological on the influence of small particles on brake squeal. During braking condition, both rotor and pads are exposed to road environmental particle which may affect pads surface condition. In order to assess the influence of this particle on brake squeal a series of squeal tests were performed. Silica sand grit particles with a size range between 400 to 200 μm which most available on the road surface were used in this experiment. Brake pad and disc surface characteristics were analyzed before and after squealing condition using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). The result shows that the silica sand particles had influence the squeal and surface behavior of the brake pad.

Experimental Research on Dynamic Characteristics of a Rolling Agricultural Tire (Influence of Running Condition)

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsuhide Fujita ◽  
Takashi Saito ◽  
Mitsugu Kaneko
Keyword(s):  
Natural Frequency ◽  
Dynamic Behavior ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Dynamic Characteristics ◽  
Excitation Frequency ◽  
Road Surface ◽  
Natural Mode ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Agricultural Machines

When agricultural machines are operated on pavements, the vibration and noise caused by the interaction between the tire lugs and the road surface are inevitable. In conventional studies, it is considered that the dynamic behavior of a rolling agricultural tire is influenced by the vibration characteristics of the tire. Resonance occurs when the lug excitation frequency of the tire, which is defined as the lug number multiplied by the number of revolutions of the tire, becomes equal to the natural frequency of the tire. In other words, the rolling tire shows large vibrations in the direction of the natural mode corresponding to the natural frequency of the tire. However, in the conventional equipment, the diameter of the drum is smaller than that of the tire. Therefore, the real running condition on the road was not realized by the rolling test using the conventional equipment. In this study, a new equipment is produced to realize the running condition in the rolling test. The dynamic and vibratory characteristics of operating agricultural machine are investigated by using this new equipment. The obtained results are compared to the conventional ones and the influence of the running condition on dynamic characteristics of rolling tire is investigated.

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