scholarly journals Maltreatment, Coping, and Substance Use in Youth in Foster Care: Examination of Moderation Models

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joy Gabrielli ◽  
Yo Jackson ◽  
Lindsay Huffhines ◽  
Katie Stone
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Foster Care ◽  
Coping Behavior ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Behavior Outcomes ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Youth In Foster Care

Child maltreatment is associated with negative outcomes such as substance use (SU). This study tested relations among maltreatment history, coping behavior, and SU behavior in youth residing in foster care. Participants were 210 youth ( Mage = 12.71 years; SD = 2.95) in foster care who completed self-report measures through an audio computer-assisted self-interview program. Using a structural equation modeling framework and latent measurement constructs, positive associations were identified between maltreatment at baseline and coping behavior outcomes as well as SU behavior outcome approximately 4.5 months later. Specifically, greater severity and chronicity of maltreatment was associated with greater SU behavior as well as indirect action, prosocial, and asocial coping behavior. Maltreatment was not significantly related to direct action coping behavior. In moderation tests, only asocial coping provided a significant interaction effect for SU behavior outcomes; SU behavior did not moderate pathways between maltreatment and coping behavior. For youth in foster care, the coping approach may be varied and relate differentially to SU behavior outcomes, with asocial approaches to coping acting as a buffer for the maltreatment/SU relation. Additionally, SU remains an important target for intervention and prevention in youth residing in foster care.

scholarly journals Pathways to Preventing Substance Use Among Youth in Foster Care

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 567-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyoun K. Kim ◽  
Rohanna Buchanan ◽  
Joseph M. Price
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Foster Care ◽  
Youth In Foster Care

scholarly journals Process and implementation of Audio Computer Assisted Self-Interviewing (ACASI) assessments in low resource settings: a case example from Zambia

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Kane ◽  
L. K. Murray ◽  
S. Sughrue ◽  
J. DeMulder ◽  
S. Skavenski van Wyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Orphans And Vulnerable Children ◽  
Barriers And Challenges ◽  
Audio Computer

Background.Studies from low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) indicate that the use of audio computer-assisted self-interviewing (ACASI) is associated with more accurate reporting of sensitive behaviors (e.g. substance use and sexual risk behaviors) compared with interviewer-administered questionnaires. There is a lack of published information on the process of designing, developing, and implementing ACASI in LMIC. In this paper we describe our experience implementing an ACASI system for use with a population of orphans and vulnerable children in Zambia.Methods.A questionnaire of mental health, substance use, and HIV risk behaviors was converted into an ACASI system, tested in pilot and validity studies, and implemented for use in a randomized controlled trial. Successes, barriers, and challenges associated with each stage in the development and implementation of ACASI are described.Results.We were able to convert a lengthy and complex survey into an ACASI system that was feasible for use in Zambia. Lessons learned include the importance of: (1) piloting the written and electronic versions; (2) proper and extensive training for study assessors to use ACASI and for those doing voice recordings; and (3) attention to logistics such as appropriate space, internet, and power.Conclusions.We found that ACASI was feasible and acceptable in Zambia with proper planning, training, and supervision. Given mounting evidence indicating that ACASI provides more accurate self-report data and immediate data download compared with interview-administered measures, it may be an effective and economical alternative for behavioral health research studies in LMIC.

Differential Item Functioning of the Full and Brief Wisconsin Schizotypy Scales in Asian, White, Hispanic, and Multiethnic Samples and Between Sexes

Assessment ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1001-1013 ◽  
Author(s):  
David C. Cicero ◽  
Elizabeth A. Martin ◽  
Alexander Krieg
Keyword(s):  
Differential Item Functioning ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Magical Ideation ◽  
Item Functioning ◽  
Multiple Indicator ◽  
Wisconsin Schizotypy Scales ◽  
Multiple Causes

The Wisconsin Schizotypy Scales, including their brief versions, are among the most commonly used self-report measures of schizotypy. Although they have been used extensively in many ethnic groups, few studies have examined their differential item functioning (DIF) across groups. The current study included 1,056 Asian, 408 White, 476 Multiethnic, and 372 Hispanic undergraduates. Unidimensional models of the brief Magical Ideation Scale and Perceptual Aberration Scales fit the data well. For both scales, global tests of measurement invariance provided mixed evidence, but few of the items displayed DIF across ethnicities or between sexes within a multiple indicator multiple causes model. For the full versions of the scales and the brief Revised Social Anhedonia Scale, multiple indicator multiple causes models within an exploratory structural equation modeling framework found that few of the items had DIF. These findings suggest that some of the items may have different psychometric properties across groups, but most items do not.

scholarly journals Substance use and abuse among older youth in foster care

2007 ◽  
Vol 32 (9) ◽  
pp. 1929-1935 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael G. Vaughn ◽  
Marcia T. Ollie ◽  
J. Curtis McMillen ◽  
Lionel Scott ◽  
Michelle Munson
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Foster Care ◽  
Substance Use And Abuse ◽  
Older Youth ◽  
Youth In Foster Care

Full and Short Versions of the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations and Social Problem-Solving Inventory-Revised

2017 ◽  
Vol 120 (4) ◽  
pp. 739-759
Author(s):  
J. E. van Horn ◽  
J. Wilpert
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Sex Offenders ◽  
Social Problem ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Social Problem Solving ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
And Coping

Inadequate problem solving is associated with recidivism in sex offenders. However, the psychometric properties of two of the most widely used coping self-report questionnaires, the Social Problem-Solving Inventory-Revised and Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations, have not been established for outpatient sex offenders. Using structural equation modeling, the present study aims to contribute to an empirically based decision as to which version of the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations or Social Problem-Solving Inventory-Revised is best suited to use with forensic outpatient sex offenders. The sample consisted of 530 Dutch sex offenders treated in an outpatient forensic facility. Results support the use of the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations-Short Form 20 for identifying problem-solving deficits among outpatient sex offenders, consequently facilitating the assessment of treatment needs.

scholarly journals Smartphones as digital companions: Characterizing the relationship between users and their phones

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 914-938 ◽  
Author(s):  
Astrid Carolus ◽  
Jens F Binder ◽  
Ricardo Muench ◽  
Catharina Schmidt ◽  
Florian Schneider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Coping With Stress ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
Online Study ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Core Characteristics ◽  
The Relationship

Based on the idea of computers constituting social agents and referring to core characteristics of human–human relationships, this study introduces the concept of a digital companionship between smartphone users and their devices. Constituting characteristics (closeness, trust, preoccupation) and outcomes (stress, coping with stress) of social relationships were adapted to yield a model of human–smartphone relationships for empirical testing. A cross-national sample of participants ( n = 1156) completed an online study, which included self-report measures as well as a newly developed instrument (Positioning Others and Devices [POD]) assessing the closeness to technical devices and social actors. Results showed the smartphone to be the closest device. Furthermore, structural equation modeling lent support for the theoretical model indicating that trust and preoccupation mediate the relationship between closeness to the smartphone and stress and coping. Findings support the concept of companionship as a fruitful approach to explain smartphone-related behaviors.

Current Methods of Assessing Substance Use: A Review of Strengths, Problems, and Developments

2001 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 809-832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Richter ◽  
Patrick B. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Alternative Assessment ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Self Administration ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Measurement Tools ◽  
Assessment Techniques ◽  
Testing Techniques

This article discusses various means of assessing and measuring substance use behaviors and describes the relative advantages and disadvantages of each of the measurement tools. Self-report instruments are the most convenient and widely used forms of substance use assessment. Self-report measures can be obtained through various modes of administration, including self-administration via paper-and-pencil questionnaires, computer assisted self-interviews or interactive voice recording, and through personal (interviewer-administered) interviews. The advantages and disadvantages of each of these modes of administration are discussed. Alternative assessment techniques, such as biological measurements, are also frequently used to measure substance use or to validate self-report measures of substance use. This article reviews the various available methods for validating self-report measures, highlighting self-report and biological testing techniques currently in use. It concludes by suggesting future avenues of research for improving upon current substance use measurement techniques.

scholarly journals LGBTQ Youth in Unstable Housing and Foster Care

2021 ◽  
pp. 22-30
Author(s):  
Laura Baams ◽  
Bianca D.M. Wilson ◽  
Stephen T. Russell
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Foster Care ◽  
School Functioning ◽  
Odds Ratios ◽  
Lgbtq Youth ◽  
Unstable Housing ◽  
Stable Housing ◽  
Heterosexual Youth ◽  
Youth In Foster Care

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and questioning (LGBTQ) youth are suggested to be overrepresented in unstable housing and foster care. In the current study, we assess whether LGBTQ youth are overrepresented in unstable housing and foster care and examine disparities in school functioning, substance use, and mental health for LGBTQ youth versus heterosexual youth in unstable housing and foster care. METHODS A total of 895 218 students (10–18 years old) completed the cross-sectional California Healthy Kids Survey from 2013 to 2015. Surveys were administered in 2641 middle and high schools throughout California. Primary outcome measures included school functioning (eg, school climate, absenteeism), substance use, and mental health. RESULTS More youth living foster care (30.4%) and unstable housing (25.3%) self-identified as LGBTQ than youth in a nationally representative sample (11.2%). Compared with heterosexual youth and youth in stable housing, LGBTQ youth in unstable housing reported poorer school functioning (Bs = 20.10 to 0.40), higher substance use (Bs = 0.26–0.28), and poorer mental health (odds ratios = 0.73–0.80). LGBTQ youth in foster care reported more fights in school (B = 0.16), victimization (B = 0.10), and mental health problems (odds ratios = 0.82–0.73) compared with LGBTQ youth in stable housing and heterosexual youth in foster care. CONCLUSIONS Disparities for LGBTQ youth are exacerbated when they live in foster care or unstable housing. This points to a need for protections for LGBTQ youth in care and care that is affirming of their sexual orientation and gender identity.

scholarly journals International Sex Survey: Study protocol of a large, cross-cultural collaborative study in 45 countries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beáta Bőthe ◽  
Mónika Koós ◽  
Léna Nagy ◽  
Shane W. Kraus ◽  
Marc N. Potenza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Sexuality Research ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Empirically Supported ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract Background and aims Limitations of research into sexuality and compulsive sexual behavior disorder (CSBD) include the use of simplistic methodological designs and the absence of quality and unified measurements, empirically supported theoretical models, and large, collaborative studies between laboratories. We aim to fill these gaps with the International Sex Survey (ISS, http://internationalsexsurvey.org/). Methods The ISS is a large-scale, international, multi-lab, multi-language study using cross-sectional survey methods, involving more than 40 countries. Participants responding to advertisements complete a self-report, anonymous survey on a secure online platform. Collaborators from each country collect a community sample of adults with a minimum sample size of 2,000 participants with a gender ratio of approximately 50–50% men and women, including diverse individuals with respect to sexuality and gender. The ISS includes a wide range of sociodemographic questions and scales assessing a diverse set of sexual behaviors, pornography use, psychological characteristics, and potential comorbid disorders. Analyses are conducted within a structural equation modeling framework, including variable (e.g., measurement invariance tests) and person-centered approaches (e.g., latent profile analysis). Discussion and conclusions The ISS will provide well-validated, publicly available screening tools, helping to eliminate significant measurement issues in the field of sexuality research and health care. It will provide important insights to improve the theoretical understanding of CSBD as well as help to identify empirically supported treatment targets for prevention and intervention programs. Following open-science practices and making study materials open-access, the ISS may serve as a blueprint for future large-scale research in addiction and sexuality research.

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