ADHD Research in Arab Countries: A Systematic Review of Literature

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (13) ◽  
pp. 1531-1545
Author(s):  
Jamal M. Alkhateeb ◽  
Muna S. Alhadidi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Prevalence Studies ◽  
Education Resources ◽  
Information Center

Objective: No systematic reviews could be identified in the literature that address ADHD research in Arab countries. In an attempt to help fill this gap, this systematic review was undertaken. Method: An electronic literature search of ADHD studies carried out in Arab countries was done by using Google Scholar, PsycINFO, PubMed, Education Resources Information Center (ERIC), and Arabpsynet. Results: The search yielded 58 studies (10 studies on psychoeducational and social aspects of ADHD, 26 prevalence studies and two reviews of epidemiology of ADHD, and 22 studies on risk factors and comorbidities in ADHD). Conclusion: Although there has been an increase in ADHD research in Arab countries in recent years, this research remains relatively sparse and used methods and procedures that limit the generalizability of the findings.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Alzheimer’s Disease and Dementia in Arab Countries: A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashraf El-Metwally ◽  
Paivi Toivola ◽  
Mashael Al-Rashidi ◽  
Shanila Nooruddin ◽  
Munazza Jawed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Arab Region ◽  
Prevalence Studies ◽  
Social Ability ◽  
The World

Background/Objectives. Contrary to popular belief, the condition of dementia is not an actual discrete disease, but rather a group of symptoms, most notable of which is the disturbance of memory and social ability, often severe enough to impair daily functioning. As a result, it has been a major cause of functional deterioration among varying populations in the world. This study is aimed at reviewing the epidemiology of dementia in Arab countries in terms of its prevalence, distribution, and risk factors. Methods. A systematic literature review was conducted using articles published in PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and other local journals between 1990 and 2018. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 18 studies were concluded to be eligible for the review. Results. Prevalence studies demonstrated that dementia is indeed a prevalent condition in Arab countries, ranging between 1.1% and 2.3% among age groups of 50 years and older, as well as between 13.5% and 18.5% among age groups of 80 years and above. However, these results are not different from those of many other countries in the world. Moreover, prevalence was found to vary depending on sociodemographic characteristics. Major risk factors of dementia included hypertension, low income, and low education, while the risk of developing dementia is increased by obesity, diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular risk factors. Despite the growing evidence regarding the epidemiological distribution and determinants of dementia worldwide, studies from the Arab region remain scarce. Conclusion. This systematic review highlights the need for population-based studies to provide necessary information for developing preventive and curative strategies specific to the Arab region.

A Systematic Review on Barriers to Palliative Care in Oncology

2021 ◽  
pp. 104990912098328
Author(s):  
Jyotsana Parajuli ◽  
Judith E. Hupcey
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Palliative Care ◽  
Full Text ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Intervention Development ◽  
The United States ◽  
Care Utilization ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Meta Analyses

The number of people with cancer and the need for palliative care among this population is increasing in the United States. Despite this growing need, several barriers exist to the utilization of palliative care in oncology. The purpose of this study was to synthesize the evidence on the barriers to palliative care utilization in an oncology population. A systematic review of literature was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. PubMed, CINAHL, and Psych Info databases were used for the literature search. Articles were included if they: 1) focused on cancer, (2) examined and discussed barriers to palliative care, and c) were peer reviewed, published in English, and had an accessible full text. A total of 29 studies (8 quantitative, 18 qualitative, and 3 mixed-methods) were identified and synthesized for this review. The sample size of the included studies ranged from 10 participants to 313 participants. The barriers to palliative care were categorized into barriers related to the patient and family, b) barriers related to providers, and c) barriers related to the healthcare system or policy. The factors identified in this review provide guidance for intervention development to mitigate the existing barriers and facilitate the use palliative care in individuals with cancer.

scholarly journals Risk Factors, and Clinical and Etiological Characteristics of Ischemic Strokes in COVID-19-Infected Patients: A Systematic Review of Literature

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Simone Vidale
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Clinical Severity ◽  
Large Artery ◽  
Causal Association ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Long Time

<b><i>Background and Purpose:</i></b> Coronavirus disease 2019 (CO­VID-19) infection is an ongoing pandemic and worldwide health emergency that has caused important changes in healthcare systems. Previous studies reported an increased risk of thromboembolic events, including stroke. This systematic review aims to describe the clinical features and etiological characteristics of ischemic stroke patients with CO­VID-19 infection. <b><i>Method:</i></b> A literature search was performed in principal databases for studies and case reports containing data concerning risk factors, clinical features, and etiological characteristics of patients infected with COVID-19 and suffering from stroke. Descriptive and analytical statistics were applied. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Overall, 14 articles were included for a total of 93 patients. Median age was 65 (IQR: 55–75) years with prevalence in males. Stroke occurred after a median of 6 days from COVID-19 infection diagnosis. Median National of Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score was 19. Cryptogenic (Cry) strokes were more frequent (51.8%), followed by cardioembolic etiology, and they occurred a long time after COVID-19 diagnosis compared with large-artery atherosclerosis strokes (<i>p</i><sub>trend</sub>: 0.03). The clinical severity of stroke was significantly associated with the severity grade of COVID-19 infection (<i>p</i><sub>trend</sub>: 0.03). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Ischemic strokes in COVID-19-infected patients were clinically severe, affecting younger patients mainly with Cry and cardioembolic etiologies. Further multicenter prospective registries are needed to better describe the causal association and the effect of COVID-19 infection on stroke.

Research Protocol for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Elder Abuse Prevalence Studies

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 256-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongjie Yon ◽  
Christopher Mikton ◽  
Zachary D. Gassoumis ◽  
Kathleen H. Wilber
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Elder Abuse ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Personnes Âgées ◽  
Nous Allons ◽  
Research Protocol ◽  
Prevalence Studies ◽  
Revue Systématique ◽  
Meta Regression

RÉSUMÉLa maltraitance des personnes âgées est un important problème de santé publique et de droits de l’homme. Néanmoins, notre connaissance de la veritable ampleur du phénomène demeure limitée. Pour y remédier, nous allons procéder à une revue systématique et une méta-analyse des études de prevalence de la maltraitance des personnes âgées dans le monde entier. Ce protocole décrit l’approche méthodologique qui sera adoptée pour la réalisation de la revue systématique et de la méta-analyse. En particulier, le protocole décrit le développement des stratégies de recherche et des critères pour identifier et sélectionner les études de prévalence ainsi que la façon dont les données des études sélectionnées seront extraites pour l’analyse. Le protocole décrit également l’approche analytique qui sera utilisée pour calculer les estimations de prevalence et l’utilisation de méta-régression pour évaluer la façon dont les caractéristiques des études influencent les estimations de la prévalence. Ce protocole est conforme au “Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis” – ou PRISMA – et a été enregistré auprès du registre de revues systématique PROSPERO International Prospective Register.

233 POSTOPERATIVE DELIRIUM AFTER OESOPHAGECTOMY FOR CANCER: HOW CAN WE PREVENT AND MANAGE IT?

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Rita ◽  
E Pinto ◽  
L Pomba ◽  
F Tolin ◽  
G Mattara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Psychiatric Disease ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Systematic Literature Search ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Duration Of Surgery

Abstract   Oesophagectomy is associated with high morbidity. One of the postoperative complication observed after esophageal resection is Post Operative Delirium (POD), a psychiatric disease caused by major surgical stress and pharmacological treatments. POD can jeopardize patient healing-process since patients are not collaborative to perioperative care but also because they can harm themselves. Thus the aim of this systematic review was to identify POD factors and its effective management in patients undergone oesophagectomy for oesophageal/oesophagogastric-junction cancer. Methods A comprehensive systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, psycINFO and psycARTICLES in order to identify all articles published until January 2020. The following combinations of terms were used for the search strategy: neoplasm; esophagus; gastro-esophageal junction; oesophagectomy; delirium. The following inclusion criteria were set: full article published in English; patients with esophageal cancer undergone oesophagectomy; POD observed. Two researchers independently selected studies matching the inclusion criteria. Duplicate studies, non-relevant topic, data from abstracts or unpublished were excluded. Any disagreements between the researchers’ evaluation concerning inclusion of studies were resolved by consensus. Results Of 235 studies yielded by systematic literature search, 21 met inclusion criteria. POD incidence was observed between 3 and 38% of patients and was precursor of other complications in 1/3 of POD patients. Preoperative risk factors were older age, cerebrovascular disease and pulmonary disfunction. Anxiety and depression resulted predisposing factors. Perioperative risk factors were duration of surgery, ICU length of stay, colloids infusion and blood transfusion. Open-surgery seemed to influence POD more than minimally-invasive and robotic surgery. Interventions identified to treat POD were pharmacological (prophylactic haloperidol, insomnia treatment) and behavioral (patient reorientation by family involvement, bright-light therapy, early mobilization). Conclusion This systematic review identified preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative risk factors of POD after oesophagectomy. No standardized prevention nor treatment of POD was identified. POD impacts patients’ ability in perceiving postoperative symptoms. The difficulty in communicating with health professionals may lead to delay the diagnosis of others complications and prolong hospital stay. Therefore further trials are required to assess efficacy of different POD treatments aimed to enhance postoperative management.

scholarly journals Risk factors for new ischaemic cerebral lesions after carotid artery stenting: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. e030025 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao Feng ◽  
Long Li ◽  
Xuesong Bai ◽  
Tao Wang ◽  
Yanfei Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Carotid Artery Stenting ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Occurrence Rate ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Cerebral Lesions

IntroductionNew ischaemic cerebral lesions (NICL) detected by diffusion-weighted imaging MRI are common after carotid artery stenting (CAS), with an occurrence rate ranging from 18% to 57%. Many studies reported occurrence of NICL could increase risk of future cerebrovascular events and cognitive impairment. However, controversies about determinants for occurrence of NICL after CAS exist among studies, and one risk factor embodied in an article may not be in another. Aim of this study is to introduce a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify risk factors associated with occurrence of NICL after CAS.Methods and analysisAll relevant literature referring to risk factors for occurrence of NICL after CAS will be searched on the major databases, such as PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library until 31 December 2018. Literature, which must be randomised controlled trials, case–control studies or cohort studies, will be included in accordance with the prespecified eligibility criteria. The risk of bias will be assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration criteria and the quality of evidence will be assessed with the corresponding scale. Data will be extracted with a form prepared before and analysed using RevMan V.5.3 analyses software. Heterogeneity will be assessed using I2statistic. Our systematic review will be performed according to the guidance from the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement.Ethics and disseminationThere is no need for ethical approval because primary data will not be attained. The systematic review will be presented at international conferences and published in peer-reviewed journals.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42019121129

scholarly journals Definitions of segmental instability in the degenerative lumbar spine and validation of these definitions: a systematic review protocol article according to PRISMA-P 2015 statement

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Signe Forbech Elmose ◽  
Gustav Østerheden Andersen ◽  
Leah Yacat Carreon ◽  
Freyr Gauti Sigmundsson ◽  
Mikkel Østerheden Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Diagnostic Imaging ◽  
Spinal Stenosis ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Degenerative Spondylolisthesis ◽  
Data Synthesis ◽  
Segmental Instability ◽  
Lumbar Degenerative Spondylolisthesis

Abstract Background The concept of segmental lumbar spine instability is controversial with varying definitions. However, suspicion of instability is used as an indication for vertebral fusion surgery in patients with lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis and spinal stenosis. The objectives of this systematic review are to describe, the definitions of segmental instability in the degenerative lumbar spine, in studies of patients with lumbar spinal stenosis and/or lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis, involving diagnostic imaging. And to describe which of the measurable radiological variables used to define instability have been validated against dynamic flexion-extension radiographs. Method Systematic review conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Systematic literature search will be conducted in MEDLINE and EMBASE databases, supplemented by search in Cochrane Library. International Clinical Trials Registry Platform Search Portal and ClinicalTrials.gov will be searched for ongoing or recently completed trials. PROSPERO (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews) will be searched before initiating this review. In addition, a gray literature search will be conducted. Studies eligible for inclusion are clinical and biomechanical studies on adult patients with degenerative spondylolisthesis and spinal stenosis and surgical treatment hereof, studies involving diagnostic imaging. We will include studies giving a definition or describing patho-anatomical findings of segmental instability or any synonym or antonym hereof. Two reviewers will independently screen articles, involving a third reviewer as referee. Screening process and data extraction conducted using Covidence software. Data synthesis presented in results checklist and systematic narrative synthesis. Data synthesis on secondary objective by contingency table. Discussion With this systematic review we want to contribute to evidence based treatment planning of lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis with spinal stenosis. We also aim to present our result in a comprehensive manner, to encourage consensus regarding the definition of segmental instability. Registration This protocol was submitted to the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) on 29. April 2020, submission ID: 182827

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