Measuring Intent to Aid of Lay Responders: Survey Development and Validation

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 730-740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Miller ◽  
Jeffrey L. Pellegrino
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Affective Domain ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
American Red Cross ◽  
Statistical Validation ◽  
Expert Review ◽  
The Social ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Intent To Use ◽  
Development And Validation

Background. Increasing lay responder cardiopulmonary resuscitation and automated external defibrillator use during sudden cardiac arrest depends on an individual’s choice. Investigators designed and piloted an instrument to measure the affective domain of helping behaviors by applying the theory of planned behavior (TPB) to better understand lay responders’ intent to use lifesaving skills. Method. Questionnaire items were compiled into 10 behavioral domains informed by the TPB constructs followed by refinement via piloting and expert review. Two samples from an American Red Cross–trained lay-responder population ( N = 4,979) provided data for an exploratory (EFA, n = 235) and confirmatory (CFA, n = 198) factor analyses. EFA derived interitem relationships into factors and affective subscales. CFA yielded statistical validation of factors and subscales. Results. The EFA identified four factors, aligned with the TPB constructs of attitudes, norms, confidence, and intention to act to explain 57% of interitem variance. The internal consistency of factor-derived subscales ranged between 0.71 and 0.91. Reduction of instrument items went from 47 to 32 (32%). The CFA yielded good model fit with the switching of the legal ramification item from the social norm to intention construct. Conclusion. The Intent to Aid (I2A) survey derived from this investigation aligned with the constructs of the TPB yielding four subscales. The I2A allows health education researchers to differentiate modalities and content impact on learner intention to act in a first aid (FA) emergency. I2A compliments cognitive and psychomotor measurements of learning outcomes. The experimental instrument aims to allow curricula developers and program evaluators a means of assessing the affective domain of human learning regarding intention-to-act in an FA emergency. In combination of with assessment of functional knowledge and essential skills, this instrument may provide curricula developers and health educators an avenue to better describe intention to act in an FA emergency.

American Red Cross Digital Operations Center (DigiDOC): An Essential Emergency Management Tool for the Digital Age

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 445-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Markenson ◽  
Laura Howe
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Emergency Management ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
American Red Cross ◽  
Emergency Operations ◽  
The Social ◽  
Source Of Information ◽  
Operations Center

AbstractSocial media is becoming the first source of information and also the first way to communicate messages. Because social media users will take action based on the information they are seeing, it is important that organizations like the Red Cross be active in the social space. We describe the American Red Cross’s concept for a Digital Operations Center (DigiDOC) that we believe should become an essential part of all emergency operations centers and a key piece of all agencies that operate in disasters. The American Red Cross approach is a practical and logical approach that other agencies can use as a model.(Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2014;8:445-451)

The American Red Cross And The Liberty Fund: Ethically Stuck Between Accountability And Development

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Christine Therrien
Keyword(s):  
Ethical Decision ◽  
Emergency Services ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Ethical Decision Making ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
American Red Cross ◽  
September 11Th ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Separate Account

Organizations today face increasing complexity in their environment. This situation is at the heart of many institutions nowadays: how to become an ethical decision-making organization. The objective of this paper is to analyze a particularly ethically sensitive situation the American Red Cross faced with the Liberty Fund. We will examine this by including three factors: becoming a true mediating institution, keeping to the social contract, and maintaining a community frame of mind. Since the beginning of its foundation, the American Red Cross has been providing emergency services to disaster stricken populations, and this was no different during the September 11th attacks. However, contrary to its usual general disaster fund, the American Red Cross decided to create a separate account for the 1 Billion dollar fund. Yet before this total amount was reached, there was clear insatisfaction from the public as the ARC announced that not all funds would be spent on this relief effort, and that some funds would be kept for prevention and development: the ARC announced, admitted and apologized for poor judgment and that all funds would be for the victims of the event. This paper will analyze the decision process surrounding this decision by the ARC taking into consideration accountability and ethics according to three principals derived from scientific literature on ethics: accountability, procedure and altruism.

The Ninth International Red Cross Conference

1912 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 858-864
Author(s):  
Baron S. A. Korff
Keyword(s):  
Red Cross ◽  
American Red Cross ◽  
White House ◽  
Excellent Opportunity ◽  
Social Events ◽  
The Social

The Ninth International Red Cross Conference met at Washington on the 7th of May, 1912. During the ten days that the conference sat (7th-17th), very much work was accomplished; at the same time the foreign delegates were given an excellent opportunity of seeing the beautiful American capital and of enjoying the renowned American hospitality; every evening was given up to some entertainment and many of the afternoons also. Conspicuous by its charm and beauty was the reception of the President and Mrs. Taft on the lawn of the White House. The social events culminated in a large banquet given on the 16th by the American Red Cross. Next day the delegates took leave of their hospitable hosts.

scholarly journals Home service of the American Red Cross

1919 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Jean Reavis Lemmon
Keyword(s):  
Social Service ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
American People ◽  
American Red Cross ◽  
Social Conscience ◽  
The Awakening ◽  
Home Service ◽  
The Social ◽  
One Step

Text from page 77: "The conclusion of the report of the committee, "it is the duty of the Red Cross to foster and conserve such social awakening as the Red Cross has brought about and to help local communities to find ways in which they can express well their desire for social advancement", is, in effect, a summary of the aim of the peace program of Home Service. The Red Cross through its Home Service has already made the greatest contribution to social service in America which any one agency has ever made; the adoption of this peace program will mean that a large part of that contribution will be made permanent. Through the awakening of the social conscience and the social enlightenment of the American people, the country for which our men have fought will have a more democratic Democracy and a more socialized Society. America will have made one step more toward the realization of the social ideal."

Snapshots of tellings in interactions between adults and children aged two, three and three and a half in an Australian context

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 119-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Filipi
Keyword(s):  
Social Activity ◽  
Second Child ◽  
Object A ◽  
Birthday Party ◽  
Final Sample ◽  
The Social ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Australian English

This paper examines how and by whom tellings with two young children are triggered at ages 23, 36 and 42 months. The data for the investigation is derived from a larger Australian English corpus of over 50 hours of interactions in the home, although one of the children is a bilingual Italian/ English-speaking child. The data is derived from two parent/child dyads, and in the case of the child aged 42 months, a triadic interaction between a mother, her own child and a second child. Using the micro-analytic methods of conversation analysis, the study analyses five samples of tellings. The first two describe how a child, Cassandra, aged 23 months, is invited to recount events of her day by her parents. The trigger for these tellings is the social activity of sharing everyday routine events. The next two samples focus on Rosie at 36 months who is also invited to share a telling by her parent about a birthday party celebration and one about a neighbourhood cat, Claude. The first telling is triggered by an object, a balloon from a birthday party from the day before, while the second is triggered by play involving the character of a cat, initially derived from a favourite story, Hairy Maclary. In the final sample, Cassandra, aged 42 months, initiates a telling about an experience at her grandmother’s which is trigged by a picture in a book. The analyses in each case reveal the interactional issues that arise in the action of telling and how these are dealt with by all participants. By focusing on the three ages, key features in the children’s participation in storytelling are uncovered.

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