Police Use of Force Escalation and De-escalation: The Use of Systematic Social Observation With Video Footage

2021 ◽  
pp. 109861112110491
Author(s):  
William Terrill ◽  
Laura Zimmerman
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Force ◽  
State University ◽  
Arizona State University ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Systematic Observation ◽  
Law Enforcement Training ◽  
Joint Project ◽  
Video Footage ◽  
Police Agencies ◽  
Social Observation

As police agencies continue to incorporate body-worn cameras, it becomes increasingly important for researchers and practitioners to explore how to best use these data to better understand patterns of suspect and police behavior. Thus, drawing on a joint project between the Federal Law Enforcement Training Centers and Arizona State University, we expand on prior research demonstrating how social systematic observation (SSO) can be used with video footage to methodically detail the evolving nature of police-suspect encounters. We then illustrate how the data could be evaluated within the framework of escalation and de-escalation using an expanded version of the Resistance Force Comparative Scale (RFCS) first developed and employed in 2001. Finally, we assess the merits and challenges of using video footage to account for suspect and police behaviors in relation to escalation and de-escalation.

A Systematic Observation of More and Less Successful High School Tennis Coaches

1988 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 302-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
David B. Claxton
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
The Other ◽  
State University ◽  
Arizona State University ◽  
Systematic Observation ◽  
Behavioral Category ◽  
Early Season ◽  
Instructional Behaviors ◽  
Late Season ◽  
Observation Instrument

The purpose of this study was to describe and analyze systematically the coaching behaviors of more and less successful high school boys’ tennis coaches during practice sessions. The Arizona State University Observation Instrument, consisting of 14 behavior categories, was used to compile data on nine coaches (five judged as more successful and four judged less successful, based on win records). Time sampled event recording was used to collect the data, with each coach being observed during preseason/early season, midseason, and late season for a total of three observations per coach. Analysis of the data showed that the more successful coaches asked a significantly greater number of questions of their players than did the less successful coaches. The tennis coaches demonstrated more instructional behaviors than any other behavior but spent more intervals in the Other category than in any other behavioral category. Other, Management, and Silence accounted for almost 75% of all intervals.

An Observational Study of a Successful Pop Warner Football Coach

1990 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 294-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey O. Segrave ◽  
Claude A. Ciancio
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Youth Sports ◽  
Research Tool ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
State University ◽  
Arizona State University ◽  
Systematic Observation ◽  
Specific Research ◽  
Football Coach ◽  
Coaching Behavior

In recent years, coaching behavior has been subjected to detailed scrutiny through the development and application of systematic observation techniques. This study extended this line of research into the area of youth sports by analyzing the coaching behavior of a successful Pop Warner football coach, Beau Kilmer. The study also sought to compare Kilmer’s coaching profile with the profiles of two successful college coaches, namely UCLA basketball coach John Wooden and Arizona State University football coach Frank Kush. The specific research tool used was the Coaching Behavior Recording Form. Twenty practices were sampled for observation. Data were compiled using event recording techniques. The results indicated that although instruction ranked first for all three coaches, Kilmer differed from Wooden and Kush in most other respects. The data suggest a differential use of coaching behaviors commensurate with the age and background of the athletes involved.

Transfer optics for high spatial resolution electron spectroscopy

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 666-667
Author(s):  
G. G. Hembree ◽  
Luo Chuan Hong ◽  
P.A. Bennett ◽  
J.A. Venables
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Objective Lens ◽  
State University ◽  
Arizona State University ◽  
Initial Field ◽  
Resolution Electron ◽  
Scanning Transmission ◽  
Low Energy Electrons

A new field emission scanning transmission electron microscope has been constructed for the NSF HREM facility at Arizona State University. The microscope is to be used for studies of surfaces, and incorporates several surface-related features, including provision for analysis of secondary and Auger electrons; these electrons are collected through the objective lens from either side of the sample, using the parallelizing action of the magnetic field. This collimates all the low energy electrons, which spiral in the high magnetic field. Given an initial field Bi∼1T, and a final (parallelizing) field Bf∼0.01T, all electrons emerge into a cone of semi-angle θf≤6°. The main practical problem in the way of using this well collimated beam of low energy (0-2keV) electrons is that it is travelling along the path of the (100keV) probing electron beam. To collect and analyze them, they must be deflected off the beam path with minimal effect on the probe position.

Readjustment of the Standard ASUDAS to Encompass Dental Morphological Variations in Plio-Pleistocene Hominins

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 32-48
Author(s):  
M. Louail ◽  
S. Prat
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Homo Sapiens ◽  
Initial Study ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
State University ◽  
Arizona State University ◽  
Dental Anthropology ◽  
Morphological Variations ◽  
Fossil Hominins ◽  
Fossil Hominin

The standard ASUDAS scoring system (Arizona State University Dental Anthropology System) is used to assess dental morphological variations in modern humans. It is also frequently used to study, score, and compare morphological variations in fossil hominin taxa and to examine their phylogenetic relationships. However, using ASUDAS in studies of this type is under debate because it is based on modern Homo sapiens populations and does not appear to cover all variations observed in fossil Plio-Pleistocene homi- nins. Our observations and coding of 178 dentals casts of Plio-Pleistocene specimens based on ASUDAS and from the literature have confirmed the need to adapt the standard system to fossil hominins. In this initial study, we propose that the scoring procedures for some morphological characters need to be readjusted, while others could be standardized following the ASUDAS system.

Decálogos e inventarios

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (4e) ◽  
pp. 122
Author(s):  
Andoni Garritz ◽  
Andrés Raviolo
Keyword(s):  
State University ◽  
Arizona State University

<span>La investigación en torno a las concepciones alternativas (Wandersee, Mintzes, y Novak, 1994; Arizona State University, 2001; Flores, 2002) constituye una de las principales y fecundas líneas de investigación en Didáctica de las Ciencias que ha contribuido, en buena medida, a su surgimiento y consolidación como disciplina o campo de conocimiento (Gil, 1994; Adúriz-Bravo e Izquierdo, 2002). La Didáctica de la Química forma parte de esta ciencia.</span>

scholarly journals Making sense of archaeology - Cornelius Holtorf, illustrated by Quentin Drew. Archaeology is a brand!: the meaning of archaeology in contemporary popular culture. x+184 pages, numerous illustrations. 2007. Oxford: Archaeopress; 978-1-905739-06-6 paperback £14.99. - Nicholas J. Cooper (ed.). The Archaeology of the East Midlands: An Archaeological Resource Assessment and Research Agenda (Leicester Archaeology Monograph 13). xvi+378 pages, 72 b&w & colour illustrations, 8 tables. 2006. Leicester: University of Leicester; 0-9538914-7-X paperback £19.95. - John Hunter & Ian Ralston (ed.). Archaeological Resource Management in the UK: An Introduction. Second revised edition (first published 1993). xiv+402 pages, numerous illustrations. 2006. Stroud: Sutton; 978-0-7509-2789-5 hardback £25. - R.G. Matson & Timothy A. Kohler (ed.). Tracking Ancient Footsteps: William D. Lipe's Contribution to Southwestern Prehistory and Public Archaeology. xii+188 pages, 35 illustrations, 2 tables. 2006. Pullman (WA): Washington State University Press; 978-0-87422-290-6 paperback $22.95. - Jeffrey L. Hantman & Rachel Most (ed). Managing Archaeological Data: Essays in Honor of Sylvia W. Gaines (Arizona State University Anthropological Research Paper 57). x+202 pages, 37 illustrations, 42 tables. 2006. Tempe (AZ): Department of Anthropology, Arizona State University; 978-0-936249-18-6 paperback $33.50. - Michael D. Coe. Final report: An Archaeologist Excavates His Past. 224 pages, 6 figures, 35 plates. 2006. London: Thames & Hudson; 0-500-05143-7 hardback £18.95.

Antiquity ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 81 (312) ◽  
pp. 496-498
Author(s):  
Madeleine Hummler
Keyword(s):  
Resource Assessment ◽  
Final Report ◽  
State University ◽  
Arizona State University ◽  
Washington State University ◽  
Archaeological Data ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
East Midlands ◽  
John Hunter ◽  
The Uk
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