scholarly journals Sleep Patterns and Fatigue in New Mothers and Fathers

2004 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 311-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caryl L. Gay ◽  
Kathryn A. Lee ◽  
Shih-Yu Lee
Keyword(s):  
Job Performance ◽  
Sleep Disturbance ◽  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Sleep Loss ◽  
Sleep Disruption ◽  
Sleep Patterns ◽  
Mothers And Fathers ◽  
Wrist Actigraphy ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Objectively Measured

The purpose of this study was to describe the sleep patterns and fatigue of both mothers and fathers before and after childbirth. The authors used wrist actigraphy and questionnaires to estimate sleep and fatigue in 72 couples during their last month of pregnancy and 1st month postpartum. Both parents experienced more sleep disruption at night during the postpartum period as compared to the last month of pregnancy. Compared to fathers, with their stable 24-h sleep patterns over time, mothers had less sleep at night and more sleep during the day after the baby was born. Sleep patterns were also related to parents’work status and type of infant feeding. Both parents self-reported more sleep disturbance and fatigue during the 1st month postpartum than during pregnancy. Mothers reported more sleep disturbance than fathers, but there was no gender difference in ratings of fatigue. At both time points, fathers obtained less total sleep than mothers when sleep was objectively measured throughout the entire 24-h day. Further research is needed to determine the duration of sleep loss for both mothers and fathers, to evaluate the effect of disrupted sleep and sleep loss on psychosocial functioning and job performance, and to develop interventions for improving sleep patterns of new parents.

Sleep Patterns in Older Bereaved Spouses

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 361-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie J. Richardson ◽  
Dale A. Lund ◽  
Michael S. Caserta ◽  
William N. Dudley ◽  
Sarah Jane Obray
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disturbance ◽  
Poor Health ◽  
Sleep Disruption ◽  
Matched Sample ◽  
Sleep Patterns ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

The study examined the prevalence and pattern of reports of sleep disturbance over two years in a group of 296 adults aged 50 years and over, and assessed the relationship between patterns of sleep disturbance and bereavement adjustment over time. A sample of 192 widows and widowers were compared to a matched sample of 104 non-bereaved persons. About half of the bereaved respondents experienced sleep disruption in the first month following their loss. Regardless of bereavement status, one-third of the sample experienced ongoing sleep disruption, and 10% consulted a physician for difficulty sleeping. Persons with a pattern of consistent sleep disturbance showed statistically significant differences in grief outcomes that persisted over time and tended to be female, older, with poor health, and taking more medications.

Insomnias

2012 ◽  
pp. 933-938
Author(s):  
Colin A. Espie ◽  
Delwyn J. Bartlett
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Sleep Disturbance ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Current Understanding ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Sleep Disruption ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Evidence Based

Most people's experiences of poor sleep are memorable, because sleeplessness and its daytime consequences are unpleasant. There are those, however, for whom insomnia is the norm. Persistent and severe sleep disturbance affects at least one in 10 adults and one in five older adults, thus representing a considerable public health concern. Sleep disruption is central to a number of medical and psychiatric disorders, and insomnia is usually treated by general practitioners. Therefore differential diagnosis is important, and respiratory physicians, neurologists, psychiatrists, and clinical psychologists need to be involved. The purpose of this chapter is to summarize current understanding of the insomnias, their appraisal, and treatment. Particular emphasis will be placed upon evidence-based practical management.

Psychosocial Functioning in Women With Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder Before and After Treatment With Sertraline or Placebo

2000 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teri B. Pearlstein ◽  
Uriel Halbreich ◽  
Evan D. Batzar ◽  
Candace S. Brown ◽  
Jean Endicott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder ◽  
Before And After

scholarly journals EXTERNAL HOME DISREPAIR ASSOCIATED WITH OBJECTIVE SLEEP DISTURBANCES IN LOW-INCOME OLDER ADULTS WITH DISABILITIES

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S922-S922
Author(s):  
Safiyyah M Okoye ◽  
Nancy Perrin ◽  
Sarah Szanton ◽  
Adam P Spira
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Socioeconomically Disadvantaged ◽  
Neighborhood Conditions ◽  
Adults With Disabilities ◽  
Time In Bed ◽  
Wrist Actigraphy ◽  
Objectively Measured ◽  
Home Conditions

Abstract Sleep disturbances are linked to poor health, loss of independence and mortality in older adults. Rates of poor sleep are higher among socioeconomically disadvantaged older adults. Understanding how environmental factors may affect sleep in this population could lead to interventions to improve sleep-related health outcomes. We determined cross-sectional associations of home and neighborhood conditions with sleep parameters, measured by wrist actigraphy, in 136 low-income, predominantly African-American older adults with disabilities. Primary predictors were third-party-rated objective indicators of disrepair or disorder based on: 1) inside-home conditions (e.g., evidence of pests, tripping hazards, clutter); 2) outside-home conditions (e.g., broken windows, crumbling foundation); and 3) neighborhood conditions (e.g., litter, graffiti, vacant buildings). Outcomes were actigraphic total sleep time (TST; total number of minutes in bed spent asleep), wake time after sleep onset (WASO; total number of minutes spent awake after initially falling asleep), and sleep efficiency (SE; % of time in bed spent asleep). Presence of one or more outside-home conditions indicating disrepair or disorder was associated with 36.3-minutes shorter TST, 18.1-minutes more WASO, and 4.7% lower SE (all p <0.05). Conditions inside the home and of the neighborhood were not associated with sleep. These preliminary findings suggest that among low-income older adults with disabilities, external-home disrepair is associated with objectively measured WASO, TST, and SE. External-home disrepair may affect sleep through physical, psychosocial and behavioral pathways. Further research should examine longitudinal associations between external-home conditions and objectively measured sleep in socioeconomically disadvantaged older adults.

scholarly journals Influence of the Subtle Energetic Changes on the Treatment Response in Patients with Insomnia

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Edvard V. Kryzhanovskii ◽  
Alexander B. Yavorsky ◽  
Kwong C. Lim
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disturbance ◽  
Treatment Response ◽  
Psychological Indicators ◽  
Eeg Data ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Psychophysiological Insomnia ◽  
Somatic Disorders ◽  
Insomnia Treatment

The article examines the questions of the treatment of insomnia in patients who do not have neurological, mental, and somatic disorders. A nonmedicamental method of sleep disturbance correction in persons with psychophysiological insomnia is considered. In particular, it is proposed to use AM-therapy as a method of insomnia treatment which implies that the patients sleep on the special activated mattresses. To assess the condition of patients before and after the treatment, clinical, psychophysiological and electroencephalographic (EEG) methods are used. The effectiveness of applying this type of insomnia therapy is provided by the improvement of the psychological indicators and EEG data.

Effects of Sleep Loss and Strenuous Physical Activity on the Rest–Activity Circadian Rhythm

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 409-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanna Calogiuri ◽  
Andi Weydahl ◽  
Eliana Roveda
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Activity Rhythm ◽  
Sleep Loss ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Strenuous Physical Activity ◽  
Prolonged Fatigue ◽  
Neurobehavioral Deficits ◽  
Rest Activity

Objective. Rest–activity circadian rhythm is strongly linked to an organism’s entrainment. Sleep loss and prolonged fatigue could affect the circadian system, inducing neurobehavioral deficits. The Finnmarksløpet is Europe’s longest dogsled race. In this competition, lasting up to 7 days, participants (mushers) are physically active most of the time, having little and fragmented rest. Therefore, the race provides an opportunity to investigate the effects of prolonged fatigue and sleep loss. Methods. Ten mushers, participating in the 500 km and 1,000 km categories, underwent continuous actigraph monitoring (5 days) before and after the race. During the competition, heart rate (HR) was recorded by an HR monitor. Results. There was a reduction in the average activity values during the 24-hr cycle after the race. Although there were signs of a forward phase shift, these were weak and unstable. Nonparametric circadian rhythm analysis (NPCRA) showed reductions in interdaily stability (IS) and relative amplitude (RA). 1,000 km mushers also showed sleep disturbances. Conclusion. A period of 3 days of little and fragmented sleep (3–4 hr of total rest per day), in which subjects were engaged in a prolonged physical effort, was enough to significantly affect the rest–activity rhythm. A longer period (5 days) in such a condition induced even more accentuated alterations, with a disturbance in nocturnal sleep. Disrupted sleep is common among hospitalized patients and those working long shifts. This study demonstrates changes in the structure of the rest–activity circadian rhythm that can result and may suggest opportunities for intervention.

Sleep Disturbance in Children with Visual-Motor Deficits

1972 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 695-700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen R. Schroeder ◽  
Carolyn S. Schroeder ◽  
Brenda Ball
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disturbance ◽  
Rem Sleep ◽  
Biological Function ◽  
Oculomotor Control ◽  
Motor Deficits ◽  
Sleep Patterns ◽  
Night Terrors ◽  
Stage 2 Sleep ◽  
Visual Motor ◽  
Sleep Pathology

The sleep patterns of 6 normals and 6 boys with visual-motor deficits were compared. While none of the usual symptoms of sleep pathology, e.g., insomnia, enuresis, night terrors, or somnambulism, were present in either group, the visual-motor boys showed a marked increase in Stage REM and correlated decrease in Stage 2 sleep. Results were interpreted as in accord with Berger's theory that the biological function of REM sleep is the innervation of anatomical pathways necessary for oculomotor control during waking.

Changes in Drinking Behaviour, Employment Status and other Life Areas for Employed Alcoholics Three, Six and Twelve Months after Treatment

1979 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 523-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edmund J. Freedberg ◽  
William E. Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Job Performance ◽  
Treatment Program ◽  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Marked Improvement ◽  
Work Performance ◽  
Drinking Behaviour ◽  
Treatment Results ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One

The study examined the treatment results with 365 clients who had participated in a multi-modal, behaviourally oriented treatment program. The program involved an intensive three week residential phase and a one year out-patient phase. Seventy-nine percent of the clients sought treatment after confrontation by their employers over inadequate job performance. At the end of the one year out-patient period, 79% had retained their jobs, only 13% had been fired, and 62% showed significant improvement in their drinking behaviour. Some improvement was shown on tests measuring various aspects of psychosocial functioning by virtually all clients, and most of the clients' supervisors reported marked improvement in work performance.

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