Pediatric paraneoplastic neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder associated with ovarian teratoma

2021 ◽  
pp. 135245852110375
Author(s):  
Lauren Tardo ◽  
Cynthia Wang ◽  
Veena Rajaram ◽  
Benjamin M Greenberg
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Pediatric Patient ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Area Postrema ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Aquaporin 4 ◽  
Ovarian Teratoma ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Inflammatory Condition ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder is an inflammatory condition of the central nervous system typically manifesting as myelitis, optic neuritis, and/or area postrema syndrome. Here, we present a pediatric patient who developed symptoms consistent with area postrema syndrome with positive anti-aquaporin-4 (AQP4) antibodies who was also found to have an ovarian teratoma. Pathological specimens revealed the presence of aquaporin-4. This was felt to be the antigenic trigger that led to the patient’s condition. She suffered no further clinical attacks and seroconverted to negative AQP4 status upon teratoma removal. This case varies from others, in that the paraneoplastic presentation occurred in a pediatric patient and in that the patient has not required maintenance immunotherapy after teratoma removal.

Anti‐aquaporin‐4 antibody‐positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder associated with central nervous system tuberculosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-44
Author(s):  
Enrique Gomez‐Figueroa ◽  
Christian Garcia‐Estrada ◽  
Adriana Casallas-Vanegas ◽  
Indhira Zabala-Angeles ◽  
Ramon Lopez-Martinez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Aquaporin 4 ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Aquaporin 4 Antibody

scholarly journals Case Report: Postvaccination Anti–Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neha Kumar ◽  
Kelsey Graven ◽  
Nancy I. Joseph ◽  
John Johnson ◽  
Scott Fulton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Transverse Myelitis ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis ◽  
Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Aquaporin 4 ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Abstract Stimulation of the immune response after vaccination can occasionally result in adverse effects, including demyelination of the central nervous system. The most common presentation of postvaccination demyelination is acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, but cases of optic neuritis, transverse myelitis, and multiple sclerosis relapses have been reported. More recently, an increasing number of postvaccination neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) cases have surfaced in the literature, especially in patients with aquaporin-4 antibodies. In this article, we report an unusual case of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody–related NMOSD after the receipt of multiple vaccines in a first-trimester pregnant woman from Africa. We review the reported cases of postvaccination demyelination in the past decade, with a focus on the relationship between NMOSD and vaccination in patients with aquaporin-4 or myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies. Finally, we discuss the clinical relevance of the present case and similar reported cases as it relates to patient care in the neuroimmunology clinic and identify potential areas for future research.

An uncommon cause of vertigo: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder

2021 ◽  
pp. 014556132110533
Author(s):  
Kuan-Ling Lin ◽  
Ching-Yu Yang ◽  
Wen-Ko Su
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Atypical Presentation ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Positive Serum ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Aquaporin 4 Antibody

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an uncommon antibody-mediated disease of the central nervous system. Its classic presentation includes long segments of spinal cord inflammation, optic neuritis with or without intractable vomiting, and hiccups. Here, we described a case of a 39-year-old woman with an atypical presentation of vertigo, which was finally diagnosed as NMOSD by a positive serum aquaporin-4 antibody.

Aquaporin-4-IgG positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and systemic autoimmune diseases overlap syndrome: a single-center experience

Lupus ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (11) ◽  
pp. 1302-1311 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Martín-Nares ◽  
G Hernandez-Molina ◽  
H Fragoso-Loyo
Keyword(s):  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Area Postrema ◽  
Transverse Myelitis ◽  
Overlap Syndrome ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Aquaporin 4 ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Single Center ◽  
Imaging Characteristics

Objective To describe the clinical and radiological characteristics and outcomes of patients with aquaporin-4-immunoglobulin G (AQP4-IgG) seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) coexisting with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) in a single center. Methods We included patients with diagnosis of NMOSD and a concomitant diagnosis of SLE or pSS. Demographic, clinical, serological and imaging characteristics were retrieved from clinical charts. Results Twelve patients were included, of whom 11 (91.7%) were women. Seven (58.3%) had SLE and five (41.7%) pSS. In five (41.7%) patients NMOSD followed SLE/pSS onset, four (33.3%) patients had a simultaneous presentation, and in three (25%) NMOSD preceded pSS onset. The mean age at first neurological event was 39 years. Eleven patients (91.7%) experienced acute transverse myelitis/longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis, five (41.7%) optic neuritis, three (25%) a cerebral syndrome and two (16.7%) each area postrema syndrome, acute brainstem syndrome and cerebellar syndrome. Eleven (91.7%) patients went into either total or partial NMOSD remission at median follow-up of 89.5 months. Conclusion AQP4-IgG seropositive NMOSD arose in the context of quiescent SLE and pSS with extraglandular features. As NMOSD coexisting with SLE/pSS is rare, collaborative multicenter studies are needed to clarify the natural history and outcomes of this overlap syndrome.

Recent Advances in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder: Pathogenesis, Mechanisms and Potential Treatments

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Du ◽  
Kaijun Li ◽  
Wei Liu ◽  
Ruitong Song ◽  
Meifeng Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Demyelinating Disease ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Current Therapy ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
The Central Nervous System

: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an acute or subacute demyelinating disease that affects mainly the optic nerve and spinal cord. A major proportion of NMOSD cases have a relationship with autoimmunity to aquaporin 4 (AQP4) found on the central nervous system. NMOSD can occur repeatedly, causing symptoms such as decreased vision and weakness of limbs. The main goal of current therapy is to relieve acute symptoms and prevent recurrence of the disease. Without timely and appropriate treatment, the recurrence and disability rates are high. In the present work, we review recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with NMOSD, as well as the pathogenesis and mechanisms of AQP4-IgG-seropositive NMOSD.

scholarly journals Aquaporin-4-IgG-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder with recurrent short partial transverse myelitis and favorable prognosis: Two new cases

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (14) ◽  
pp. 1950-1954 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinhua Zhang ◽  
Fang Liu ◽  
Yiqi Wang ◽  
Ying Yang ◽  
Yuehong Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Transverse Myelitis ◽  
Acute Attack ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Aquaporin 4 ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Attack Phase ◽  
Long Term Prognosis

Understanding the characteristics of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) with recurrent short partial transverse myelitis (SPTM), which is very rare, contributes to the differential diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS). We present two Chinese aquaporin-4 immunoglobulin G (AQP4-IgG)-seropositive NMOSD cases who had at least twice SPTM during 4 and 6 years of follow-up, respectively. Their SPTMs have been mild and responded well to corticosteroids just like in the case of MS. The findings highlight the need of searching for serum AQP4-IgG (cell-based assay strongly recommended) in patients with recurrent SPTM and suggest that those patients may have a mild acute attack phase and favorable long-term prognosis.

Cortical oscillopsia without nystagmus, an isolated symptom of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder with anti-aquaporin 4 antibody

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 244-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung-Min Kim ◽  
Ji-Soo Kim ◽  
Young Eun Heo ◽  
Hye-Ran Yang ◽  
Kyung Seok Park
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Aquaporin 4 ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Ocular Manifestation ◽  
Initial Manifestation ◽  
Ocular Symptoms ◽  
Head Tremor ◽  
Aquaporin 4 Antibody

Neuromyelitis optica (NMO), mainly affecting optic nerve and spinal cord, can also manifest diverse ocular symptoms due to brain abnormalities. We present a cortical oscillopsia without nystagmus or head tremor in a patient with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) with anti-aquaporin 4 antibody. This rare ocular manifestation, which is easily underestimated owing to absence of the typical nystagmus, can be an initial manifestation of NMOSD.

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