scholarly journals Diminished seroconversion following a single SARS-COV-2 vaccine in ocrelizumab-treated relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients

2021 ◽  
pp. 135245852110467
Author(s):  
Zoya G Georgieva ◽  
Rainer Dӧffinger ◽  
Dinakantha Kumararatne ◽  
Alasdair J Coles ◽  
Claire McCarthy
Keyword(s):  
B Cell ◽  
Vaccine Dose ◽  
Humoral Response ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Luminex Assay ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Vaccine Type ◽  
Relapsing Remitting ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients ◽  
Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis

Background: Despite impressive efficacy in immunocompetent individuals, the immunogenicity of a single dose of COVID-19 vaccine in B-cell-deplete patients remains unknown. Objectives: We aimed to quantify real-world vaccine immunogenicity in ocrelizumab recipients. Methods: We measured post-vaccination SARS-COV-2 immunoglobulin G (IgG) in ocrelizumab recipients using a highly sensitive Luminex assay. Results: 44.1% of patients had detectable SARS-COV-2-IgG 21+ days after one vaccine dose, regardless of vaccine type (AZD1222 vs BNT162b2, odds ratio (OR) = 0.62, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.157–2.32, p = 0.72). B-cell count strongly predicted seroconversion (β1 = 12.38, 95% CI = 4.59–20.16, p = 0.0029), but undetectable B-cells did not preclude it. The second vaccine seroconverted 53% of the patients who had not already responded to dose 1. Conclusion: Humoral response after one COVID-19 vaccine dose is lower than expected in CD20-deplete patients.

scholarly journals Lymphocyte subtypes in relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis patients treated with dimethyl fumarate

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 205521731770293 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Chaves ◽  
R Ganguly ◽  
C Ceresia ◽  
A Camac
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
T Cell ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Dimethyl Fumarate ◽  
Normal Lymphocyte ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Relapsing Remitting ◽  
Remitting Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients ◽  
Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis

Background Recent data suggest that lymphopenia is more prevalent than reported in relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients taking dimethyl fumarate (DMF). Objective The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of DMF on lymphocyte subtypes in RRMS patients with and without lymphopenia. Method A retrospective study compared lymphocyte subtypes in DMF-treated RRMS patients with low (G1, n = 35) and normal lymphocyte counts (G2, n = 24). Results Fifty-nine patients were identified, with mean age 49, 71.2% females, and average DMF duration 20 months. Age, sex, baseline white blood count, disease and treatment durations were similar between groups. Prior interferon therapy and baseline lower normal lymphocyte counts were more frequent in G1. Mean lymphocyte counts were 0.8 ± 0.2 × 109/L in G1 and 1.6 ± 0.3 × 109/L in G2. CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ T cell mean counts were lower ( p < 0.0001), while CD4/CD8 ratio higher ( p = 0.03) in G1 than G2. Mean CD19 + B cell counts were normal; however, values were lower in G1 ( p = 0.04). After adjusting for confounders, significantly positive correlations were noted between lymphocyte counts and CD3 + , CD4+, CD8+ T, and B cell counts. Negative correlation was observed between lymphocyte counts and CD4/CD8 ratio driven by low CD8+ T cell counts. Conclusion DMF treatment predominantly impacts T cells, in particular CD8+ subtype. This finding may have implications in this population’s immunocompetence.

scholarly journals Assessment of Disability Progression Independent of Relapse and Brain MRI Activity in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis in Poland

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 868
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Kapica-Topczewska ◽  
François Collin ◽  
Joanna Tarasiuk ◽  
Agata Czarnowska ◽  
Monika Chorąży ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Disability Progression ◽  
Program Monitoring ◽  
Therapeutic Program ◽  
Relapsing Remitting ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients ◽  
Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis

The aim of the study was to verify the association of clinical relapses and brain activity with disability progression in relapsing/remitting multiple sclerosis patients receiving disease-modifying treatments in Poland. Disability progression was defined as relapse-associated worsening (RAW), progression independent of relapse activity (PIRA), and progression independent of relapses and brain MRI Activity (PIRMA). Data from the Therapeutic Program Monitoring System were analyzed. Three panels of patients were identified: R0, no relapse during treatment, and R1 and R2 with the occurrence of relapse during the first and the second year of treatment, respectively. In the R0 panel, we detected 4.6% PIRA patients at 24 months (p < 0.001, 5.0% at 36 months, 5.6% at 48 months, 6.1% at 60 months). When restricting this panel to patients without brain MRI activity, we detected 3.0% PIRMA patients at 12 months, 4.5% at 24 months, and varying from 5.3% to 6.2% between 36 and 60 months of treatment, respectively. In the R1 panel, RAW was detected in 15.6% patients at 12 months and, in the absence of further relapses, 9.7% at 24 months and 6.8% at 36 months of treatment. The R2 group was associated with RAW significantly more frequently at 24 months compared to the R1 at 12 months (20.7%; p < 0.05), but without a statistical difference later on. In our work, we confirmed that disability progression was independent of relapses and brain MRI activity.

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