scholarly journals Resilience and supporting people living with dementia during the time of COVID-19; A qualitative study

Dementia ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 147130122110366
Author(s):  
Kerry Hanna ◽  
Clarissa Giebel ◽  
Sarah Butchard ◽  
Hilary Tetlow ◽  
Kym Ward ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Model ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Coping Mechanisms ◽  
Service Planning ◽  
External Support ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Telephone Interviews ◽  
Social Support Services ◽  
Resilience Factors ◽  
And Coping

Objectives To explore the different factors of resilience for people living with dementia and unpaid carers, in response to sudden changes in care and lifestyle during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Unpaid carers and people living with dementia were offered telephone interviews in April 2020 to discuss their experiences since the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants were asked about the benefits and challenges of accessing dementia support, as well as coping, symptoms, strategies and impacts. Each transcript was analysed using inductive and deductive thematic analysis by two researchers. Findings Semi-structured interviews from 50 participants ( n = 42 unpaid carers and n = 8 people living with dementia) reported protective and risk factors of resilience concerning (1) communication, (2) adaptations, (3) support networks and (4) lifestyle factors and coping mechanisms. Conclusions Resilience factors considered both organisational factors for external support, along with individual coping mechanisms. Organisations and social support services should consider resilience factors in future service planning, to better support people living with dementia, or caring someone living with dementia, during times of great stress. The ecological model of resilience established from this research refers to resilience during times of unexpected change in the COVID-19 pandemic; however, it could be considered relevant in other periods of high stress within this cohort.

scholarly journals Assessing Stress Factors and Coping Strategies among Primary Schools Adolescents in Moshi District, Tanzania

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 4900-4911
Author(s):  
Edith Mwananzila ◽  
Muteti Catherine Mueni
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
And Coping

The purpose of the study was to determine factors attributed to primary schools adolescents’ stress and common stress coping strategies they use. Four research questions guided this study. The study employed mixed research approach. Descriptive cross-sectional design was used. Participants were 225 primary schools’ adolescents and 15 primary class teachers and five primary heads of schools. Data were collected through structured questionnaire, semi structured interviews and focus group discussion. Data were analysed using both content and thematic analysis. The findings of the study reveal that, most of adolescents had experienced stress even though some of them were not sure whether they were stressed or not due to lack of knowledge regarding stress and the sources of stress. Furthermore, the study found that two thirds of primary school adolescents often experienced symptoms of stress implying that they had high stress levels. Similarly, the study found that majority of the pupils often employed positive coping strategies. The study concludes that primary school adolescents in Moshi municipality were subjected to high levels of stress which affects their psychological wellbeing although they had not been able to address the sources of stress. Adolescents lacked the awareness of signs and symptoms of stress which increased the level of stress among them. Moreover, the pupils reported nervousness, anger, anxiety, sickness and lack of concentration during class hours. Primary schools adolescents were not able to device relevant coping strategies against stress. The Ministry of Education should put more emphasis on the issue of stress and coping strategies in primary schools by introducing well-structured formal support systems. The family should learn to support and be helpful for adolescents faced with stress, no matter how they are adapting to the stress. Moreover, schools should pay attention to students’ trouble with learning and apply appropriate strategies to enhance their learning effectiveness

scholarly journals Work-related concerns of South Africans living with HIV and AIDS

2004 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dianne Maloon ◽  
Freddie Crous ◽  
Anne Crafford
Keyword(s):  
Financial Constraints ◽  
Coping Mechanisms ◽  
Hiv And Aids ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
South Africans ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Black South Africans ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Living With Hiv

Aspects relating to the management of HIV and AIDS are issues of extreme importance in South Africa at present. In light of this, a qualitative study was conducted to explore the work-related concerns of Black South Africans living with HIV and AIDS. Semi-structured interviews with 22 participants revealed that work-related concerns cannot be understood outside of general financial constraints and relationship issues. Additional categories emerging from the study are: coming to terms with HIV, fear of disclosure, job-related barriers and coping mechanisms. The implications of these findings are discussed and recommendations made. Opsomming Aspekte rakende die bestuur van HIV en VIGS doen hulle voor as vraagstukke wat van kardinale belang is in die Suid-Afrikaaanse opset. In die lig hiervan is ’n kwalitatiewe studie uitgevoer ten einde die werkverwante besorgdhede van swart Suid-Afrikaners met HIV en Vigs, te ondersoek. Semi-gestruktureerde onderhoude met 22 deelnemers het aan die lig gebring dat werkverwante besorgdhede moeilik, buite die konteks van algemene finansiële beperkinge en verhoudingsvraagstukke, te verstaan is. Addisionele vraagstukke wat geïdentifiseer is, is om tot aanvaarding te kom met HIV, vrees vir bekendmaking van HIV status, werksverwante hindernisse en hanteringsmeganismes. Die implikasies van hierdie bevindinge is bespreek en aanbevelings is gemaak.

scholarly journals Occupational stress and stress busters utilized among Saudi dental practitioners during the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Sami Aldhuwayhi ◽  
Saquib Ahmed Shaikh ◽  
Sreekanth Kumar Mallineni ◽  
Vinutha Kumari Varadharaju ◽  
Amar Ashok Thakare ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Coping Mechanisms ◽  
Private Practitioners ◽  
Dental Practitioners ◽  
Stress Levels ◽  
Do It Yourself ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Watching Tv ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

Abstract Aim: This study aims to assess the stress levels, stress busters (stress relievers), and coping mechanisms among Saudi dental practitioners (SDPs) during the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak. Methodology: Self-administered questionnaire was sent to SDPs via Google forms. Cohen’s stress score scale was used for stress evaluation, and the mean scores were compared based on age, gender, qualification, and occupation. In addition, comparisons of the utilization of stress coping mechanisms and stress busters based on gender, age, and occupation were evaluated. Descriptive statistics were carried out using SPSS (Version 21.0, Chicago, Illinois, USA). Results: A total of 206 SDPs (69% males and 31% females) participated in the study. Male SDPs showed a higher score than females (P>0.05). SDPs around 50 years and above obtained high-stress scores (25±7.4) as compared to other age groups (P<0.05). The occupational level showed higher stress scores (22.6 ± 4.6 than the other occupation groups (P<0.05). The majority of the SDPs used watching TV/mobile/computer (80%) as a stress buster, followed by binge eating (64%), exercise (44%), smoking (32%), do it yourself (DIY-23%), and meditation (17%). Conclusion: SDPs are experiencing stress levels during this COVID-19 pandemic time. Male SDPs above 50 years and private practitioners showed higher levels of stress scores. An overall commonly used stress buster was smoking in males and meditation in females.

scholarly journals Stress Is a Latent Construct: Exploring the Differential Experience of Stress Among Black Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 190-190
Author(s):  
Catherine Garcia ◽  
Alexis Reeves ◽  
John Pamplin ◽  
Uchechi Mitchell ◽  
Lauren Brown
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Coping Mechanisms ◽  
Stress Exposure ◽  
Health Consequences ◽  
Stress Burden ◽  
And Coping ◽  
The Impact

Abstract While evidence highlights the detrimental health consequences of stress exposure for Black Americans, the impact of stress exposure on health varies by the stressor, individual appraisal and coping mechanisms examined. In this study, we aim to explore the differential effects of chronic stress exposure by means of latent class analysis on mental and physical health. Data come from 800 Black older adults ages 52+ from the 2006 Health and Retirement Study. A set of items that include stress exposure, appraisal and coping were used to assess chronic stress burden on anxiety, depressive symptoms and chronic conditions to identify stress and health clusters. Analysis revealed four subgroups, each demonstrated a typological response pattern with the most pronounced health consequences for high stress exposure, appraisal and few or no coping mechanisms. Results show an alternative approach to examining the stress-health link by using a combined person- and variable-centered approach.

The powerless or the empowered? Stakeholders’ experiences of diagnosis and treatment for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in Ireland

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-212
Author(s):  
K. Carr-Fanning ◽  
C. Mc Guckin
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Ecological Model ◽  
Stress And Coping ◽  
Visual Methods ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Delays In Diagnosis ◽  
And Coping

IntroductionIn Ireland, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most commonly diagnosed condition in Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS). However, little is known about the experiences of stakeholders affected by ADHD in their pathways through care, especially in Ireland.ObjectivesThe aim of this stakeholder voice study was to explore stress and coping among parents and Children and Young People (C/YP) affected by ADHD in an Irish context, in order to contribute to knowledge about what works and what needs to change in practice from a service user perspective.MethodsIn total, 15 C/YP (7–18 years) with ADHD and their parents participated in semi-structured interviews, which were triangulated using other sources (e.g. visual methods), to contribute to a highly contextualised understanding of lived experiences. Transcribed interviews were analysed using a deductive approach to Thematic Analysis informed by a theoretical framework of stress and coping theory and Bronfenbrenner’s bio-ecological model.ResultsSome degree of difficulty in their pathway through care was identified by participants in all case studies. Findings identified barriers to diagnosis, including delays in diagnosis, such as scepticism, stigma, and label avoidance from gatekeepers; poor multiagency working; and misdiagnosis. Once received, diagnosis may serve as an access to empowerment, providing knowledge, understanding, and support. However, C/YP and their parents also reported distressing experiences and a sense of powerlessness within CAMHS and with treatment; such as tensions around medical management, stigma, and a lack of child- and family-centred practice.ConclusionsDespite the professionals and the systematic supports available, stakeholders did not feel that they were fully understood, listened to, or participants in accessing diagnosis and care planning.

scholarly journals “It’s Not Particularly P.C., You Know . . .”: Women Coaches’ Performing Gender in Strength and Conditioning

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Gavin Thomas ◽  
Jaime Guinan ◽  
Győző Molnár
Keyword(s):  
Gender Identity ◽  
Impression Management ◽  
Organizational Politics ◽  
Coping Mechanisms ◽  
Women Coaches ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Strength And Conditioning ◽  
Internal Politics ◽  
And Coping ◽  
The Given

Strength and conditioning (S&C) has become a chief part of athletes’ physiological preparation. Despite S&C’s growing presence across sports, women coaches have been generally marginalized and underrepresented. This study explores female S&C coaches’ experiences and coping mechanisms in a male-dominated industry. Semi-structured interviews with 15 female S&C coaches were conducted. The main themes identified from interview data are organizational politics, impression management, and humor. The findings suggest that women S&C coaches are often in subservient positions and have to adopt some traditional, male-generated subcultural practices to fit in. They carefully manage their coaching front stage to generate an impression that is expected and accepted in the given milieu. In their efforts to fit in, women often find themselves in a multiplicity of power matrices that involve a continuous negotiation of gender identity, internal politics, and sexist banter.

scholarly journals Food security and development in South Sudan: a call to action

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 1631-1636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Tappis ◽  
Shannon Doocy ◽  
Amy Paul ◽  
Sonya Funna
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
International Development ◽  
South Sudan ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Coping Mechanisms ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Stable States ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Assistance Programme ◽  
And Coping

AbstractObjectiveTo examine household food insecurity and coping mechanisms in two relatively politically stable states of South Sudan.DesignCross-sectional assessment including structured interviews and focus group discussions with food aid programme beneficiaries and staff. Structured interview findings were analysed with descriptive statistics using the statistical software package STATA version 11.SettingRural households in four payams (sub-county administrative districts) benefiting from a multi-year assistance programme funded by the US Agency for International Development. The study was conducted in January 2012, six months after independence.SubjectsStudy subjects included eighty mothers of children aged 6–23 months in structured interviews and eight focus groups, each with six to ten participants, of mothers of children aged 6–23 months.ResultsNinety-three per cent of households surveyed in Warrap and 100 % of households in Northern Bahr el Ghazal states were severely food access insecure. Nearly all households (97·5 %) surveyed in both states reported there were months in 2011 without enough food to eat. The majority of households (88 %) reported sometimes or often going to bed hungry in the month preceding the study. A number of coping mechanisms were used when households did not have enough food, including reduced meal size, skipping meals, selling assets and engaging in some kind business in order to generate money to buy food.ConclusionsGiven the highly volatile political, economic and humanitarian situation in South Sudan, the priorities of the international community are understandably focused on securing greater stability in South Sudan and preventing humanitarian needs from escalating significantly. There is a need, however, for simultaneous emphasis on food assistance and longer-term development strategies throughout South Sudan, particularly in areas of agriculture, livelihoods and food security.

scholarly journals Nurses’ experiences and understanding of workplace violence in a trauma and emergency department in South Africa

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maureen Kennedy ◽  
Hester Julie
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Emergency Department ◽  
South African ◽  
Workplace Violence ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Coping Mechanisms ◽  
Western Cape ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
South African Society ◽  
And Coping

Violence in South African society has reached epidemic levels and has permeated the walls of the workplace. The aim of the study was to gain a deeper understanding of how nurses experience and understand workplace violence perpetrated by patients, and to make recommendations to reduce this type of violence. A qualitative, exploratory and descriptive study was conducted to explore the experiences and coping mechanisms of nurses regarding workplace violence. The purposive sample comprised eight nurses working in the Trauma and Emergency Department in the Western Cape, South Africa. Thematic analysis was done of the semi-structured interviews. Four main themes and 10 categories were identified. Nurses are experiencing physical threats, verbal abuse and psychological and imminent violence on a regular basis. They tend to ‘normalise’ abusive patient behaviour because of the perception that workplace abuse ‘comes with the territory’, which resulted in under-reporting. However, perpetrators received compromised care by being avoided, ignored or given only minimal nursing care. Coping mechanisms ranged from using colleagues as sounding boards, helping out with duties, taking a smoke break and using friends and family to get it ‘off their chest’. The tolerance of non-physical violence and the absence of policies to deal with the violence, contribute to under-reporting.Geweld in die Suid-Afrikaanse samelewing het epidemiese vlakke bereik en selfs werksplekke binnegedring. Die doel van die studie was om ‘n dieper begrip te verkry van hoe verpleegsters geweld deur pasiënte by die ​​werksplek ervaar en verstaan, en aanbevelings te maak om hierdie tipe van geweld te verminder. ‘n Kwalititatiewe, eksploratiewe en beskrywende ontwerp is gebruik om die ervaringe en hanteringsmeganismes te verken van verpleegkundiges wat aan werkpleksgeweld blootgestel was. ‘n Doelgerigte steekproef is gedoen bestaande uit agt verpleegkundiges werksaam in die Trauma en Nooddienste Departement in die Weskaap, Suid Afrika. Die semi-gestruktureerde onderhoude is kwalitatief ontleed vir temas. Vier hooftemas en 10 kategorieë is geïdentifiseer. Verpleegkundiges ervaar dreigemente van fisiese geweld, verbale misbruik en psigiese en dreigende geweld gereeld. Hulle is geneig om pasiënte se misbruikende gedrag te ‘normaliseer’ omdat hulle die persepsie het dat geweld of misbruik ‘deel van die werksomgewing’ is. Hierdie persepsie gee aanleiding tot onder-rapportering van nie-fisiese geweld en gekompromitteerde sorg deurdat skuldige pasiënte of vermy, geïgnoreer of minimale sorg gegee word. Hanterings meganismes sluit in reflektering teenoor kollegas, uithelp met take, die gebruikmaking van ’n rook breek, en ontlaaing teenoor familielede en vriende. Die toleransie van nie-fisiese geweld en die gebrek van beleidsriglyne dra by tot die onder-rapportering van werksplek geweld.

scholarly journals The emotional labour of doctoral criminological researchers

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 205979912092567
Author(s):  
Jaime Waters ◽  
Chalen Westaby ◽  
Andrew Fowler ◽  
Jake Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Professional Practice ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Coping Mechanisms ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Research Experiences ◽  
Emotional Labour ◽  
Doctoral Research ◽  
And Coping ◽  
And Training

Embarking upon empirical qualitative research can be a daunting and emotional task, particularly for those who are new to research and for those who research vulnerable groups and emotive topics. Doctoral criminological researchers transect these realms, often making their research experiences acutely emotional and challenging. In addition, researchers must be able to perform emotional labour as an important part of their professional practice. Based on 30 semi-structured interviews, this is the first study to explicitly explore the emotional labour of criminological researchers. Using the lens of emotional labour, the performance and impact of undertaking qualitative data collection in doctoral research is examined. From the interview data, three main themes are discussed: emotional labour, the consequences of performing that emotional labour and coping mechanisms to deal with those consequences. The article concludes with recommendations around support and training for PhD candidates, their supervisors and the higher education sector more broadly.

Cumulative adaptation and linkages among adaptation, coping and vulnerability: a case of riverside slum households in Phnom Penh, Cambodia

2020 ◽  
pp. 095624782097834
Author(s):  
Jeasurk Yang ◽  
Edo Andriesse
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Coping Mechanisms ◽  
Mekong River ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Phnom Penh ◽  
The Third ◽  
And Coping

Adaptation and coping have been frequently compared. However, their relationship is still in dispute. So far, three approaches have been suggested: interchangeable, distinct and interrelated. We argue that the third is the most useful as it provides insights into how long-term adaptation can be achieved by a series of short-term coping mechanisms. Within this focus, we interpret adaptation in a novel way: as a complex cumulative result based on the interaction between multiple coping mechanisms and vulnerability dynamics. As such we reorient Smit et al.’s work on “cumulative adaptation”. Our empirical case is slum households affected by floods from the Mekong River in Phnom Penh, Cambodia. The inquiry is based on 119 surveys and 25 semi-structured interviews in nine slum communities. The results capture new trajectories of adaptation (or maladaptation), livelihoods and local collective action. The article explores implications for local development in slum communities in the global South.

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