Impacts of International Baccalaureate programmes on teaching and learning: A review of the literature

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 240-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anisah Dickson ◽  
Laura B. Perry ◽  
Susan Ledger

International Baccalaureate (IB) programmes are growing rapidly worldwide, driven in part by their global reputation and concept-driven, inquiry-based approach to teaching and learning. This thematic review of a range of literature sources examines the impact of IB programmes on teaching and learning, highlighting trends, challenges, and benefits. Findings of the review revealed that most of the studies, both qualitative and quantitative, examined stakeholders’ perspectives or self-reported experiences of IB programmes; a very small number used research designs that control for confounding factors or allow causal inferences to be drawn. A wide range of stakeholders report that IB programmes develop research and critical thinking skills, intercultural appreciation and global awareness, as well as cultivate collaborative working cultures and creative pedagogical practices among teachers. Challenges include extra demands on teachers for lesson planning and assessment, additional stress for teachers and students, and competing demands and expectations with national requirements. Recommendations are provided which may guide future research endeavours.

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-16
Author(s):  
James Goodpasture ◽  
Mark Speece ◽  
Jeremy Cripps

AbstractResearch Purpose. This article examined critical thinking skills amongst senior-level undergraduate students in a Middle East setting, Kuwait. In addition, the study investigated the gender differences.Methodology. The subjects involved in this study comprised a convenience sample of 90 graduating seniors. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of two motivational factors on the development of critical thinking skills. The analysis used the specific subsection about critical thinking skills, which is part of the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ). One factor relates the sense of entitlement that can arise in a welfare state, which heavily subsidises a wide range of things for citizens, including education. We examined differences between citizens and non-citizens, who do not have access to welfare benefits.Findings. The results supported the hypotheses that student groups have different levels of critical thinking skills. We found that expatriate students had more highly developed critical thinking skills than students who were Kuwaiti citizens. We also found that women had more highly developed critical thinking skills than men had.Practical Implications. The welfare state measures undertaken by the government of Kuwait may be counterproductive. The guaranteed employment of its citizens and generous monetary support whilst in school may discourage the development of critical thinking skills. Future research could focus on ways to motivate particular groups (e.g. Kuwaiti men) to enhance their critical thinking skills.


Author(s):  
Masniladevi Masniladevi

Learning activities in primary schools are still dominated by teachers, consequently the students' critical thinking skills are low. The purpose of this study is to describe the implementation and improvement of students' critical thinking skills on the characteristics of wake up flat by using Contextual teaching and learning model. The results showed an improvement in the observation of students' critical thinking skills as well as aspects of teachers and students. The students' critical thinking ability in cycle I was 69 and increased in cycle II to 86. The result of observation of student aspect in cycle I was 76.75% with good qualification, and increased in cycle II to 92% with excellent qualification. It was concluded that, Contextual Teaching And Learning model can improve students' mathematical critical thinking ability.Keywords: critical thinking skills; Contextual Teaching And Learning model


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Fitri Nuraeni ◽  
Yopi Malagola ◽  
Suko Pratomo ◽  
Hafiziani Eka Putri

This research investigates the results of studies related to the implementation of Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics (STEM)-based learning at elementary schools in Indonesia. Using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) with meta-synthesis model, this research selects research articles related to STEM-based learning at elementary school in Indonesia from google scholar and google site as sources for primary data and secondary data, respectively. After reviewed through inclusion and exclusion criteria evaluated by quality assessments, 15 scientific articles published within 2015 to 2020 are analysed.  Findings show that many studies have great interest in developing STEM-based teaching and learning materials, while others focus on identifying the impact of STEM-based learning on various learning achievements such as creative thinking skills, critical thinking skills, basic questioning skills, and scientific literacy, and learning achievement in general.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Sparrow ◽  
Katie Spellman ◽  
Malinda Chase ◽  
Christina Buffington ◽  
Bonnie Murray ◽  
...  

<p>Our project “Feedbacks and Impacts of a Warming Arctic: Engaging Learners in STEM Using NASA and GLOBE assets” also called “Arctic and Earth SIGNs” (STEM Integrating GLOBE and NASA) engages in climate change education, audiences underserved and underrepresented in STEM e.g. Alaska Natives, those economically disadvantaged, and those who work in rural regions. We invite and support teams of formal and informal educators and community members from Alaska and beyond to participate in a Climate Change in My Community course and to work with youth on climate learning and a stewardship project relevant to their community. Our strategies include: 1) using a culturally responsive learning model we developed, 2) braiding multiple knowledge systems, 3) negotiating content and process in course planning and implementation, 4) ensuring a voice and a seat at the table for everyone, 5) inquiry-based, experiential and place-based STEM teaching practices, 6) intergenerational teaching and learning, 7) interactive Meet the Scientist live video sessions, 8) building relationships within and beyond participant teams and with the project team of educators, Elders and University of Alaska/NASA scientists, 9) providing skills and citizen science tools to engage youth in addressing climate change issues in their communities or for use in developing their community climate change adaptation plans, and 10) cultivating partnerships such as the Association of Interior Native Educators, Renewable Energy for Alaska Project, Climate Literacy and Energy Awareness Network, and the Alaska Arctic Observatory and Knowledge Hub.</p><p>In 2020, ten teams implemented stewardship projects that reflected many of the principles of citizen/community science that effectively engage diverse audiences. Of these course participants, 100% increased their confidence to facilitate real-world inquiry activities (p < 0.001), 77% increased their knowledge of the earth systems, (p < 0.001) and 69% of the students who teams worked with, reported increased critical thinking skills (p< 0.01).  Twelve individuals from these teams were interviewed: 100% of interviewees reported benefits to students, such as learning to collect data, presenting their findings to their peers, exploring STEM careers, and interacting with scientists; 83% reported specific benefits to themselves as an educator which include increased content knowledge and the opportunity to think more deeply about the science and opportunities to connect with students outside of the classroom; 100% reported that the project goals and activities align with and are relevant to the needs and interests of the participants, including contribution to conservation efforts, contribution to science, curricular goals, and a personal connection; 67% reported community engagement, including involving Elders and community members in data collection and storytelling, representatives of local park and water conservation district offering a science talk to the whole community, and advertising their project at the community post office. Those that didn’t report involving the community noted the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.</p>


Author(s):  
I. B. Ushakova

The paper is devoted to critical thinking development techniques in the process of teaching and learning English at the University. A wide range of “critical thinking” definitions and interpretations was studied to single out those ideas that help to form the basis for choosing particular critical thinking development techniques. In this paper we focus on our didactic experience in developing critical thinking skills of law students.


2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-226
Author(s):  
Febri Hartono ◽  
Rulianto Rulianto

This research development aims to produce an effective learning media which is more effective to fulfil the needs of teachers and students in the teaching and learning process in schools. Learning Media which was produced in the form of teaching materials in the subject history. The teaching material is about the biography of Raden Inten II to improve critical thinking skills and strengthening the character of the students in SMAN 2 Sekampung.This type of research is to develop the teaching media using a model ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation , Evaluation) . Population in this research is class XI IPS SMAN 2 Sekampung. The sample of this study is implemented in three classes, they were class XI IPS 1 as an experimental class, a class XI IPS 2 as the control class, and class XI IPS 3 as the trials class.The results showed that: (1) the teaching media of history at SMAN 2 Sekampung used is student worksheets, handbook and textbooks; (2) teaching materials of history in high school about the biography of Raden Inten II made through model of ADDIE and generate materials teaching media to form a module that has undergone numerous revisions and has been validated by the experts of media and the expert of materials and subsequently successfully tested in the classroom of XI IPS 3 SMAN 2 Sekampung, (3) test of the effectiveness in teaching material history of biography Raden Inten II is done by comparing the value of post-test experimental class and control class with a significance level of 5% and result of students’ ability to have critical think. It was proved from thit 3,700> 2,756 ttab and the strengthening of character with thit 4,168> 1,697 ttab. Therefore, H0 is rejected. It can be concluded that the teaching media of history in the form of teaching materials about the history of biography Raden Inten II is effective to improve critical thinking skills and strengthening the character of the students SMAN 2 Sekampung.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moosa Ahmed Ali Sulaiman

With the premise that effective use of Socratic Questioning in instructional practices is of vital importance in EFL/ESL classrooms, this study was undertaken to investigate application of Omani EFL teachers’ knowledge of Socratic Questioning (SQ) on Students’ Critical thinking (CT) in post basic schools. This study is conducted in two phases of investigation. Phase I examined the correlation between teachers’ knowledge and actual use of SQ. Phase II study investigated the application of Omani EFL teachers’ knowledge of SQ on students’ CT in post-basic schools. The present study made an attempt to (a) Determine the relationship between teachers’ knowledge of SQ and their actual use of SQ. (b) Ascertain whether there is any statistically significant difference between mean scores of those who are taught through SQ and those who are taught CT skills in a normal setting. (c) Identify CT strategies, the students were able to develop and apply at the end of the intervention phase. A total of 230 EFL teachers, which comprises a 100% of the total population of all EFL post-basic female teachers in Dhofar region of Oman, participated in this study. The multi-method procedures and data analyses showed that (a) There is a strong positive relationship between teachers’ perceived knowledge and their actual use of SQ; (b) There are significant differences between mean scores of those who were taught CT through SQ and those who were taught CT skills in a normal setting; (c) There is a clear evidence to suggest that students in the experimental group were able to develop effective CT strategies during the intervention phase. The findings of this study offer a number of implications: (a) For instructional practice that involves the teachers and students; (b) For policy and decision makers; and (c) For syllabus designers and testing and evaluation. In addition, it identifies and proposes certain areas related to pedagogy for future research.


Author(s):  
Masniladevi Masniladevi

Learning activities in primary schools are still dominated by teachers, consequently the students' critical thinking skills are low. The purpose of this study is to describe the implementation and improvement of students' critical thinking skills on the characteristics of wake up flat by using Contextual teaching and learning model. The results showed an improvement in the observation of students' critical thinking skills as well as aspects of teachers and students. The students' critical thinking ability in cycle I was 69 and increased in cycle II to 86. The result of observation of student aspect in cycle I was 76.75% with good qualification, and increased in cycle II to 92% with excellent qualification. It was concluded that, Contextual Teaching And Learning model can improve students' mathematical critical thinking ability.Keywords: critical thinking skills; Contextual Teaching And Learning model


2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Do Nhu Quynh ◽  
Dao Thi Dieu Linh

Critical cultural awareness - the key component in the framework of intercultural communicative competence of Bryam (1997) - highlights the importance of training critical thinking skills for foreign language learners. Much research has been conducted on how critical cultural awareness can be developed in language classrooms, yet very few takes classroom of native culture as a fertile context for raising such awareness. This paper is to highlight the necessity of fostering that awareness in native culture classroom. We would clarify how the conventional way of teaching Vietnamese culture at the University of Languages and International Studies is inconducive to build up critical cultural awareness for learners by critiquing the essentialism that the two course books based on and the lack of dynamic reflections of stereotypical ideas for learners via the observation of teachers and students. We then proposed some ideas to make teaching and learning practices more critical.


2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 358
Author(s):  
Rohmani Nur Indah

<p>Writing argumentative essays becomes a challenge for both teachers and students as it relates to various aspects. One of them is on the teaching and learning of critical thinking skills comprising the awareness to avoid logical flaws. The real reflection of critical thinking can be traced through students’ ability to express their thought in the form of arguments which have no logical flaws. Good arguments must be supported by convincing claims and careful choice of wordings which is free from fallacious statements. This paper identifies the fallacious statements or logical flaws occurring in the argumentative writing of the students of an Islamic University in Indonesia. The findings show the faulty reasoning found in terms of the discussion on the topics, the flawed relations with the audience, and the relations with the characters involved in the arguments. The types of the logical flaws also concern the claims expressed. On claims of fact, the fallacies found include hasty generalization, irrelevancy, slippery slope, oversimplification and begging the question. Regarding pathos, the fallacy type covers ad populum, appeal to emotion premises and red herring. Meanwhile, the ethos fallacy occurs in straw man only. On claims of value, more faulty reasoning is found compared to the discussion on the topics which are considered less familiar. In the logos fallacy for instance, the whole types of fallacy are found. The pathos found involves appeal to emotion premises and red herring, while the ethos fallacy occurs in appeal to authority and ad hominem. On claims of policy, the similar tendency of ethos is also found while the pathos existing is in the form of appeal to emotion premises. Therefore, it is recommended that the students develop their critical thinking skills which involve constructing logical and flawless reasoning.</p><strong>Keywords: </strong><em>logical flaws, critical thinking, logos, ethos, pathos</em>


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