Cognitive Function of Elderly Persons in Japanese Neighborhoods: The Role of Street Layout

Objectives:The aims of this study were to examine (a) associations of two metric and space syntax measures of street layout with the cognitive function of Japanese older adults and (b) the extent to which objectively assessed physical activity mediated such associations.Methods:Cross-sectional data from 277 older adults who lived in Japan were used. Street layout attributes were objectively calculated for each participant’s geocoded home location. The Mini-Mental State Examination was used to evaluate cognitive function. Physical activity was objectively assessed with accelerometers.Results:There was a statistically significant negative association between street integration and the odds of having cognitive impairment. Objectively assessed physical activity did not attenuate this relationship.Conclusions:Our findings provide unique evidence regarding the importance of the topological aspects of street layouts in (re)designing neighborhoods to support mental illness.

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The Influence of Sitting, Standing, and Stepping Bouts on Cardiometabolic Health Markers in Older Adults

Journal of Aging and Physical Activity ◽

10.1123/japa.2020-0443 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Simone J.J.M. Verswijveren ◽

Cormac Powell ◽

Stephanie E. Chappel ◽

Nicola D. Ridgers ◽

Brian P. Carson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Body Composition ◽

Linear Regression ◽

Regression Models ◽

Fasting Glucose ◽

Cardiometabolic Health ◽

Linear Regression Models ◽

Cross Sectional

Aside from total time spent in physical activity behaviors, how time is accumulated is important for health. This study examined associations between sitting, standing, and stepping bouts, with cardiometabolic health markers in older adults. Participants from the Mitchelstown Cohort Rescreen Study (N = 221) provided cross-sectional data on activity behaviors (assessed via an activPAL3 Micro) and cardiometabolic health. Bouts of ≥10-, ≥30-, and ≥60-min sitting, standing, and stepping were calculated. Linear regression models were fitted to examine the associations between bouts and cardiometabolic health markers. Sitting (≥10, ≥30, and ≥60 min) and standing (≥10 and ≥30 min) bouts were detrimentally associated with body composition measures, lipid markers, and fasting glucose. The effect for time spent in ≥60-min sitting and ≥30-min standing bouts was larger than shorter bouts. Fragmenting sitting with bouts of stepping may be targeted to benefit cardiometabolic health. Further insights for the role of standing need to be elicited.

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The association of marital status with cognitive function and the role of gender in Chinese community-dwelling older adults: a cross-sectional study

Aging Clinical and Experimental Research ◽

10.1007/s40520-020-01743-5 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Pei-ru Xu ◽

Rong Wei ◽

Bei-jing Cheng ◽

A-jun Wang ◽

Xiu-de Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

Marital Status ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Chinese Community ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

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The role of cognitive function in the relationship between age and health literacy: a cross-sectional analysis of older adults in Chicago, USA

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2014-007222 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. e007222-e007222 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

L. C. Kobayashi ◽

S. G. Smith ◽

R. O'Conor ◽

L. M. Curtis ◽

D. Park ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Health Literacy ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Cross Sectional Analysis ◽

Sectional Analysis ◽

The Relationship

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Accelerometer Physical Activity is Associated with Greater Gray Matter Volumes in Older Adults Without Dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment

The Journals of Gerontology Series B ◽

10.1093/geronb/gby010 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 74 (7) ◽

pp. 1142-1151 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Shannon Halloway ◽

Konstantinos Arfanakis ◽

JoEllen Wilbur ◽

Michael E Schoeny ◽

Susan J Pressler

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

Gray Matter ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Gray Matter Atrophy ◽

Age Related ◽

Gray Matter Volumes

Abstract Objectives Physical activity (PA) is a modifiable health behavior that can protect against age-related gray matter atrophy and cognitive dysfunction. Current studies of PA and gray matter failed to utilize device measures of PA and do not focus on adults >80 years. Thus, the purpose of this secondary analysis was to examine cross-sectional associations between accelerometer lifestyle PA and (a) gray matter volumes and (b) cognitive function, controlling for demographics, and health status. Method Participants were 262 older adults without dementia or mild cognitive impairment from Rush Memory and Aging Project, an epidemiological cohort study. Participants wore an accelerometer to assess total daily lifestyle PA, and completed anatomical magnetic resonance imaging to assess gray matter volumes and a neurocognitive test battery to assess cognitive function. Results Multivariate linear regression indicated that higher levels of total daily lifestyle PA was significantly related to larger gray matter volumes, F(2, 215) = 3.61, p = .027, including subcortical gray matter (β = 0.17, p = .007) and total gray matter (β = 0.11, p = .049), with no significant associations between lifestyle PA and cognitive function. Discussion These findings may inform future lifestyle PA interventions in order to attenuate age-related gray matter atrophy.

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Cross-Sectional Relationships of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior With Cognitive Function in Older Adults With Probable Mild Cognitive Impairment

Physical Therapy ◽

10.1093/ptj/pzx074 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 97 (10) ◽

pp. 975-984 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Ryan S. Falck ◽

Glenn J. Landry ◽

John R. Best ◽

Jennifer C. Davis ◽

Bryan K. Chiu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

Sedentary Behavior ◽

Cross Sectional

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Distance from public transportation and physical activity in Japanese older adults: The moderating role of driving status.

Health Psychology ◽

10.1037/hea0000583 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 37 (4) ◽

pp. 355-363 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Kazuhiro Harada ◽

Sangyoon Lee ◽

Sungchul Lee ◽

Seongryu Bae ◽

Yuya Anan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Public Transportation ◽

Japanese Older Adults ◽

Moderating Role

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Cross-sectional associations of sedentary behaviour and physical activity on depression in Japanese older adults: an isotemporal substitution approach

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022282 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (9) ◽

pp. e022282 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Akitomo Yasunaga ◽

Ai Shibata ◽

Kaori Ishii ◽

Mohammad Javad Koohsari ◽

Koichiro Oka

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Sedentary Behaviour ◽

Geriatric Depression Scale ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Japanese Version ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Negatively Associated ◽

Japanese Older Adults ◽

Sectional Analysis

ObjectivesReducing sedentary behaviour (SB) and increasing physical activity (PA) have been shown to be associated with decreased depression. However, there are yet few studies examining the potential benefits on older adults’ depression, when SB is replaced with PA. This study aimed to examine the associations of objectively assessed SB, light-intensity PA (LPA) and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) with depression among a sample of Japanese older adults, and to explore impacts of substituting SB with PA on older adults’ depression.DesignCross-sectional analysis.SettingGeneral community.ParticipantsA total of 276 older adults aged 65–85 years living in Japan.Main outcome measuresThree behaviours including the average daily time spent in SB (≤1.5 METs); LPA (>1.5 to <3.0 METs) and MVPA (≥3.0 METs) per day were calculated by accelerometers. Depression was assessed using the Japanese version of the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15).ResultsLess SB (β=0.129, 95% CI 0.015 to 0.243) and more LPA (β=−0.138, 95% CI −0.265 to −0.011) were found to be significantly and negatively associated with the GDS-15 score in the single-activity model. The isotemporal substitution model found that replacing only 30 min per day of SB with the same amount of LPA to be significantly and negatively associated with the GDS-15 score (β=−0.131, 95% CI −0.260 to −0.002).ConclusionsThese findings indicated that substituting even small amounts of SB with LPA may contribute to less depression in older adults. Potential favourable effects can be observed for replacing only 30 min per day of SB with LPA.

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Effect of sociodemographic and physical activity on cognitive function in older adults: A nationwide cross‐sectional survey

International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry ◽

10.1002/gps.4932 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 34 (2) ◽

pp. 243-248 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Yuting Zhang ◽

Yaohua Gu ◽

Yupeng Zhang ◽

Xiangxiang Liu ◽

Yanan Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional

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Physical Health and Cognitive Function Independently Contributed to Functional Disability among Chinese Older Adults: Data from Two Asian Metropolises

Journal of Aging Research ◽

10.4061/2011/960848 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2011 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Lei Feng ◽

Tze-Pin Ng ◽

Yanling He ◽

Chunbo Li ◽

Ee-Heok Kua ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

Physical Health ◽

Functional Disability ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Chinese Older Adults ◽

Ageing Study ◽

Sectional Analysis ◽

State Examination

Objective. We aimed to examine the independent contributions of physical health and cognitive function to disability among Chinese older adults living in two Asian metropolises and explore the potential influences of environment.Design and Participants. Cross-sectional analysis based on data from two population-based studies: the Shanghai Survey of Alzheimer's Disease and Dementia (n=4639) and the Singapore Longitudinal Ageing Study (n=2397). Disability was defined as needing help in at least one activity of daily living.Results. The prevalence of functional disability was higher in Shanghai sample (5%) than that in Singapore sample (1.8%). Number of chronic diseases, self-rated health status, cognitive function (measured by the Mini-Mental State Examination), and environment (Singapore versus Shanghai) significantly contributed to functional disability independent of each other. The adjusted Odds Ratio was 1.35 (95%CI 1.22–1.50), 2.85 (95% CI 2.36–3.43), 0.89 (95% CI 0.85–0.94), and 0.68 (95% CI 0.48–0.96), respectively. The strength of associations between health variables and disability appeared to be influenced by environment.Conclusion. Physical health and cognitive function independently contributed to functional disability. The associations are modulated by environmental factors.

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