On Informing Women of Child Bearing Age about Seat Belt Risk during Pregnancy

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (11) ◽  
pp. 943-946
Author(s):  
Kenya Freeman ◽  
Michael S. Wogalter
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Seat Belt ◽  
Seat Belts ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Severe Injuries ◽  
Vehicle Accidents ◽  
Child Bearing ◽  
Seat Belt Use ◽  
Serious Injuries

Seat belts have been effective in reducing serious injuries and deaths in vehicular accidents. However, their use by women in the third trimester of pregnancy can cause placental damage and fetal injury or death in relatively minor motor vehicle accidents without severely injuring pregnant women. The lack of seat belt use in similar or more serious accidents could cause severe injuries or death to pregnant women from impacts within the cabin or from ejection, and in turn could lead to fetal injuries or deaths. The present study sought to determine whether women between the ages of 16 and 45 (child bearing age) would like to be informed of these risks. Ninety-nine of the 101 women surveyed indicated they would like to be informed of the risks, and that they would expect to find this information in the vehicle's owners manual. in dealing with the risks, some women indicated that they would wear the seatbelts and others indicated they would not. Most respondents indicated that they would reduce the risks by reducing their use of the vehicle during pregnancy. These results have implications for risk communications.

Driving habits – A Canadian study

Trauma ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-229
Author(s):  
Shayesteh Jahanfar
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Seat Belt ◽  
Canadian Community Health Survey ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Motor Vehicle Accidents ◽  
Seat Belts ◽  
Safe Driving ◽  
Vehicle Accidents ◽  
Seat Belt Use ◽  
The Times

Introduction Motor vehicle accidents are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Safe driving behavior constitutes proper use of seat belts as a driver and as a passenger. The correct use of seat belts has been shown to reduce death and injury following motor vehicle accidents by more than 50%. This study aims at investigating seat belt use and driving habits among Canadians. Method A population-based database from the Canadian Community Health Survey was analyzed. Result About 12% reported that they use seat belts most of the times, rarely or never and 27% of respondents were using cellphone while driving often or sometimes; 8% of respondents admitted to driving after 2 or more alcoholic drinks. Seat belt use in taxi passengers is much lower than in own cars, with 40% not using a seatbelt all of the time when in a taxi. Discussion and conclusions The major risk factors for not wearing seat belt as a passenger include age, education, ethnicity and income.

Seat Belt Use and its Effect on Abdominal Trauma: A National Trauma Databank Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nick A. Nash ◽  
Obi Okoye ◽  
Ozgur Albuz ◽  
Kelly N. Vogt ◽  
Efstathios Karamanos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Seat Belt ◽  
Solid Organ ◽  
Seat Belts ◽  
Abdominal Injuries ◽  
National Trauma ◽  
Seat Belt Use

We sought to use the National Trauma Databank to determine the demographics, injury distribution, associated abdominal injuries, and outcomes of those patients who are restrained versus unrestrained. All victims of motor vehicle collisions (MVCs) were identified from the National Trauma Databank and stratified into subpopulations depending on the use of seat belts. A total of 150,161 MVC victims were included in this study, 72,394 (48%) were belted. Young, male passengers were the least likely to be wearing a seat belt. Restrained victims were less likely to have severe injury as measured by Injury Severity Score and Abbreviated Injury Score. Restrained victims were also less likely to suffer solid organ injuries (9.7% vs 12%, P < 0.001), but more likely to have hollow viscous injuries (1.9% vs 1.3%, P < 0.001). The hospital and intensive care unit length of stay were significantly shorter in belted victims with adjusted mean difference: -1.36 (-1.45, -1.27) and -0.96 (-1.02, -0.90), respectively. Seat belt use was associated with a significantly lower crude mortality than unrestrained victims (1.9% vs 3.3%, P < 0.001), and after adjusting for differences in age, gender, position in vehicle, and deployment of air bags, the protective effect remained (adjusted odds ratio for mortality 0.50, 95% confidence interval 0.47, 0.54). In conclusion, MVC victims wearing seat belts have a significant reduction in the severity of injuries in all body areas, lower mortality, a shorter hospital stay, and decreased length of stay in the intensive care unit. The nature of abdominal injuries, however, was significantly different, with a higher incidence of hollow viscous injury in those wearing seat belts.

Analysis of Facial Injuries in Motor Vehicle Accidents According to the Location of the Seat and Seat-Belt Use

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 1949-1951
Author(s):  
Sue Min Kim ◽  
Non Hyeon Ha ◽  
Hyung Min Hahn ◽  
Il Jae Lee ◽  
Myong Chul Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Seat Belt ◽  
Motor Vehicle Accidents ◽  
Facial Injuries ◽  
Vehicle Accidents ◽  
Seat Belt Use

scholarly journals Effect of an educational leaflet on the frequency of seat belt use and the rate of motor vehicle accidents during pregnancy in Japan in 2018: a prospective, non-randomised control trial with a questionnaire survey

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. e031839 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mamoru Morikawa ◽  
Takashi Yamada ◽  
Hiromasa Kogo ◽  
Masaki Sugawara ◽  
Akira Nishikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Motor Vehicle Accident ◽  
Seat Belt ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Motor Vehicle Accidents ◽  
Randomised Control Trial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vehicle Accidents ◽  
Vehicle Accident ◽  
Seat Belt Use

ObjectiveTo determine whether an educational leaflet had any effect on seat belt use, seat preference and motor vehicle accidents rate during pregnancy in Japan.DesignProspective, non-randomised control trial with a questionnaire survey.SettingEight obstetric hospitals in Sapporo, Japan.Participants2216 pregnant women, of whom 1105 received the leaflet (intervention group) and 1111 did not (control group).InterventionsDistribution of an educational leaflet on seat belt use to women in the intervention group.Primary outcome measuresThe effect of an educational leaflet on seat belt use, each pregnant woman’s seat preference and the women’s rates of motor vehicle accidents rate during their pregnancies. To evaluate the effects, the intervention group’s responses to the questionnaires were compared with those of the control group.ResultsThe proportion of subjects who always used seat belts during pregnancy was significantly higher in the intervention group (91.3%) than in the control group (86.7%; p=0.0005). Among all subjects, the percentage of women who preferred the driver’s seat was lower during pregnancy (27.0%) than before pregnancy (38.7%), and the percentage of women who preferred the rear seat was higher during pregnancy (28.8%) than before pregnancy (21.0%). These two rates did not differ between two groups. Seventy-one women (3.2%) reported experiencing a motor vehicle accident during pregnancy. The motor vehicle accident rate for the intervention group (3.3%) was similar to that for the control group (3.2%).ConclusionsAn educational seat belt leaflet was effective in raising the rate of consistent seat belt use during pregnancy, but it did not decrease the rate of motor vehicle accidents. The wearing of seat belts should be promoted more extensively among pregnant women to decrease rates of pregnancy-related morbidity and mortality from motor vehicle accidents.

Lethal mechanisms in cases of inverted suspension from the lap component of seat belts

2021 ◽  
pp. 002580242199399
Author(s):  
Siobhan O’Donovan ◽  
Neil EI Langlois ◽  
Corinna van den Heuvel ◽  
Roger W Byard
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Seat Belt ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Motor Vehicle Crashes ◽  
Blood Alcohol ◽  
Neck Flexion ◽  
Seat Belts ◽  
Respiratory Compromise ◽  
Positional Asphyxia

A retrospective review of autopsy files at Forensic Science South Australia in Adelaide, Australia, was undertaken over a five-year period from January 2014 to December 2018 for all motor vehicle crashes with rollovers ending with the vehicle inverted and the occupants suspended by the lap component of their seat belts. There were five cases, all male drivers (aged 18–67 years; Mage = 32 years). Acute neck flexion or head wedging was noted in four cases, with facial petechiae in four and facial congestion in one. Deaths were due to positional asphyxia in four cases, with the combined effects of positional asphyxia and head trauma accounting for the remaining case. Although all drivers had evidence of head impact which may have caused incapacitation, in only one case was this considered severe enough to have contributed to death. A blood alcohol level above the legal limit for driving was detected in two cases, but no other drugs were detected. This series demonstrates another subset of cases of seat belt–associated deaths where suspension upside down by the lap component of a seat belt had occurred after vehicle rollovers. Predisposing factors include incapacitation of the victim and delay in rescue. The postulated lethal mechanism involved respiratory compromise from the weight of abdominal viscera on the diaphragm, as well as upper airway compromise due to kinking of the neck and wedging of the head.

Estimating the Effect of Standard Enforcement of a Rear Seat Belt Law for Rear Seat Fatality Prevention

2018 ◽  
Vol 2672 (33) ◽  
pp. 67-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Findley ◽  
Morgan Sanchez ◽  
Timothy Nye
Keyword(s):  
Injury Severity ◽  
Reporting System ◽  
Seat Belt ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Rear Seat ◽  
Previous Literature ◽  
Seat Belts ◽  
Vehicle Collisions ◽  
Practice Standard ◽  
Seat Belt Use

Data were collected from the NHTSA’s Fatality Analysis Reporting System to analyze the link between primary enforcement of rear seat belt use and injury severity in fatal vehicle collisions. Specifically, this study predicted the amount of fatalities that may have been prevented had there been standard enforcement of a rear seat belt law in effect. Previous literature concludes that increasing seat belt use will decrease injury severity in collisions and the primary enforcement of seat belts laws will increase seat belt use by approximately 14%. This study recorded and compared the number of rear seat fatalities in states that did and did not have primary enforcement laws for rear seat occupants. The results indicated that, on average, for every properly restrained rear seat fatality there are 0.45 more rear seat fatalities in states without primary enforcement than states with primary enforcement. It also predicts that the states that do not practice standard seat belt enforcement could have seen approximately 772 to 1,032 fatalities prevented from 2011 to 2015, had there been primary rear seat belt enforcement. This corresponds to an estimated national crash cost savings of $8.6 billion, or $1.7 billion annually.

Is Seat Belt Use Associated with Fewer Days of Lost Work after Motor Vehicle Collisions?

2004 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 1009-1014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse Metzger ◽  
Gerald McGwin ◽  
Paul A. MacLennan ◽  
Loring W. Rue
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Seat Belt ◽  
Motor Vehicle Collisions ◽  
Vehicle Collisions ◽  
Lost Work ◽  
Seat Belt Use

Seat-Belt Use and Relation to Neurologic Injury in Motor Vehicle Crashes

1997 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 325???328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rick C. Sasso ◽  
Paul R. Meyer ◽  
Allen W. Heinemann ◽  
John Van Aken ◽  
Barbara Hastie
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Seat Belt ◽  
Motor Vehicle Crashes ◽  
Vehicle Crashes ◽  
Neurologic Injury ◽  
Seat Belt Use

Blunt abdominal trauma with uterine rupture and fetal demise

Trauma ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Lien ◽  
Aamna Ali ◽  
John Culhane
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Trauma ◽  
Blunt Abdominal Trauma ◽  
Uterine Rupture ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Seat Belt ◽  
Fetal Loss ◽  
Fetal Demise ◽  
Vehicle Accidents ◽  
Pelvic Injuries ◽  
Minor Injuries

Traumatic uterine rupture is rare, occurring in 0.6% of blunt trauma cases, and usually results from very violent accidents in which patients usually also sustain other major injuries. Following severe blunt abdominal trauma, fetal loss can result from maternal hypotension or hypoxemia, placental abruption, maternal death, and uterine rupture. Although less common, fetal loss can also occur in minor injuries. We report a patient who sustained an isolated anterior uterine rupture with fetal demise without any associated abdominal or pelvic injuries. This case report highlights the importance of proper seat belt usage and placement because both can reduce maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality in motor vehicle accidents.

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