Redundancy in Coding of a Visual Display as Assessed by a Signal Detection Paradigm

A signal detection paradigm was applied to performance of a visual search task under varying degrees of shape-color redundant coding and two levels of practice. The coding conditions were (1) Black and White, (2) Totally Nonredundant, (3) Partially Redundant, and (4) Totally Redundant. In addition to the traditional signal detection measures, subjective coding condition preference ratings were also recorded. Generally, the objective performance measures were influenced by practice. However, neither the objective nor the subjective measures were affected by coding conditions. A significant Coding Condition by Practice interaction on the percentage of correct responses was also found.

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Color Combinations and Contrast Reversals on Visual Display Units

Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting ◽

10.1177/154193128402800408 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 28 (4) ◽

pp. 326-330 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Bruce J. Pace

Keyword(s):

Visual Search ◽

Search Task ◽

Visual Search Task ◽

Visual Display ◽

Error Rates ◽

Color Combination ◽

Display Unit ◽

Visual Display Unit ◽

Color Combinations ◽

Blue Background

The legibility effects of twenty-four combinations of text and background colors on the performance of a visual search task and an address input task on a visual display unit were studied. Eighteen females and eighteen males were each exposed to eight color combinations conditions in one session of approximately two hours duration. Subjects were allowed to adjust brightness-contrast settings to their preferred levels to give functional measurements of color combination effects. For the search task, the lowest error rate was for black text on a blue background (.0012 errors/character) which was 2.7 times lower than the higher error rates associated with color combinations of magenta on green, green on white, and white on black.

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Priming Race in Biracial Observers Affects Visual Search for Black and White Faces

Psychological Science ◽

10.1111/j.1467-9280.2006.01717.x ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 17 (5) ◽

pp. 387-392 ◽

Cited By ~ 48

Author(s):

Joan Y. Chiao ◽

Hannah E. Heck ◽

Ken Nakayama ◽

Nalini Ambady

Keyword(s):

Visual Search ◽

Racial Identity ◽

Search Task ◽

Visual Search Task ◽

Black Identity ◽

White Identity ◽

Top Down ◽

Search Asymmetry ◽

Black And White ◽

Black Faces

We examined whether or not priming racial identity would influence Black-White biracial individuals' ability to visually search for White and Black faces. Black, White, and biracial participants performed a visual search task in which the targets were Black or White faces. Before the task, the biracial participants were primed with either their Black or their White racial identity. All participant groups detected Black faces faster than White faces. Critically, the results also showed a racial-prime effect in biracial individuals: The magnitude of the search asymmetry was significantly different for those primed with their White identity and those primed with their Black identity. These findings suggest that top-down factors such as one's racial identity can influence mechanisms underlying the visual search for faces of different races.

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