The Value Of Buildings And Structures For Permafrost Damage Prediction: The Case Of Eastern Russian Arctic

The relevance of the study lay in the need to obtain reliable information on the possible economic consequences of changing geocryological conditions in the Russian Arctic, to find methods for preventing (reducing) potential damage, increasing the safety of the population and economy in the areas of the highest geocryological risks, and ensuring balanced socio-economic development in the Russian Arctic permafrost zone for the long term. The study aimed to assess the cost of fixed assets, including their most vulnerable part – buildings and structures (case study: municipalities of the Russian Arctic Asian sector). Economic sectoral structure was evaluated in accordance with the Russian Standard Industrial Classification of Economic Activities using primary statistical data – closed data from companies accounting reports. The work used statistical, cartographic, and visual-graphic methods, as well as methods for analyzing spatial information and microeconomic data. According to calculations, the Russian Arctic Asian sector concentrates the fixed assets of commercial companies with a total value of about 14.8 trillion rubles, including buildings and structures worth 10.7 trillion rubles. The obtained calculated data can be used in modeling the directions of state policy in the field of climate change adaptation and territory protection from natural hazards.

Artistic and compositional features of G. Narbut’s book graphics and possibilities of their interpretation in modern graphic design

The purpose of the article is to generalize and systematize the graphic and compositional parameters of G. Narbut's book graphics and to find ways of their interpretation in modern graphic design. The methodology of the research is represented by general scientific and special methods. Analysis, synthesis, comparative, systemic, and empirical methods have become basic in the study of literature and empirical material. Comparative, compositional, visual-graphic, and descriptive methods were used to identify the figurative and semantic characteristics of G. Narbut's graphic works and their influence on modern design. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the complex analysis of G. Narbut's graphic works, revealing the peculiarities of their graphic-compositional solutions and determining the principles of their interpretation in modern design practice. Conclusions. It is revealed that in the context of the formation of the national model of Ukrainian graphic design today, the work of G. Narbut needs not copying, but careful rethinking. The study, systematization, and generalization of the artist's experience open the prospect of development and interpretation in the works of designers of the XXI century. The algorithm of such interpretation is a holistic approach to design and composition; rethinking form from the point of view of traditional art; synthesis of geometric calculation and complex artistic image; the contrast between primary and secondary elements; rhythmic repetitions; emphasis on the vertical axis of symmetry and the author's presentation, corresponding to the demands of today.

VISUAL-GRAPHIC PROGRAMMING SYSTEM BASED ON DEVELOPMENT OF BLOCK DIAGRAMS OF ALGORITHMS. CONVERTING PROGRAMS TEXTS IN DIFFERENT PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES INTO BLOCK DIAGRAMS AND BACK

В работе представлены результаты исследований и разработки средств визуально-графического проектирования сложных алгоритмов в виде блок-схем в целом и, в частности, интерфейсной компоненты таких средств – конвертора текстов программ на различных языках программирования во внутреннее структурно-вложенное представление и обратно в тексты. Визуально-графическое представление алгоритмов лучше воспринимается человеком-разработчиком, чем традиционное текстовое представление, поэтому развитию подобных систем программирования в последнее время уделяется определенное внимание. Однако реализация максимально удобных для человека технологий создания и редактирования блок-схем сопряжена с необходимостью решения ряда сложных задач формирования и адекватного отображения управляющих структур, используемых в популярных языках программирования. Проведен анализ таких структур для наиболее популярных по разным метрикам языков программирования, представлены его результаты и предложен способ выявления и преобразования управляющих структур во внутреннее представление визуально-графического редактора. Описаны основные алгоритмы работы конвертора текстов программ как в прямом, так и в обратном направлениях. The paper presents the results of research and development of tools for visual and graphic design of complex algorithms in the form of block diagrams in general and, in particular, the interface component of such tools - a converter of programs texts in various programming languages ​​into an internal structurally nested representation and back into texts. The visual-graphical representation of algorithms is better perceived by a human developer than the traditional textual representation, therefore, some attention has been paid to the development of such programming systems in recent years. However, the implementation of the most human-friendly technologies for creating and editing block diagrams is associated with the need to solve a number of complex problems of forming and adequately displaying control structures used in popular programming languages. The analysis of such structures for the most popular programming languages ​​in terms of various metrics is carried out, its results are presented, and a method for identifying and transforming control structures into an internal representation of a visual-graphic editor is proposed. The main algorithms for the operation of the program text converter both in forward and backward directions are described.

VISUAL-GRAPHIC PROGRAMMING SYSTEM BASED ON DEVELOPMENT OF ALGORITHM BLOCK SCHEMES. SPATIAL PLACEMENT OF SYMBOLS-BLOCKS OF COMPLEX ALGORITHMS

В работе приведены результаты исследования и разработки редактора блок-схем алгоритмов. Редактор представляет собой один из компонентов проектируемой многоязыковой визуально-графической системы программирования. При ее разработке приходится решать ряд сложных задач, в числе которых – задача автоматического размещения текущего представления элементов (блоков, контейнеров) и связей между ними, в окне, наложенном на потенциально значительно большую по размерам блок-схему проектируемого алгоритма. Способ представления (свернутый или развернутый) каждого контейнера блок-схемы, возможно, содержащего десятки или сотни вложенных в него элементов, на каждом шаге проектирования алгоритма, может выбираться пользователем. Предложен и описан способ пространственного размещения элементов/контейнеров сложных алгоритмов в автоматическом режиме с учетом необходимости реализации всех потенциально возможных операций пользователя по модификации проектируемой блок-схемы. Рассмотрены необходимые для реализации этого подхода внутренние структуры данных визуально-графического редактора и некоторые наиболее важные алгоритмы расчета/пересчета координат блоков/контейнеров и связей между ними в процессе автоматического размещения. The article presents the results of research and development of the algorithm block diagram editor. The editor is one of the components of the projected multilingual visual-graphic programming system. When developing it, it is necessary to solve a number of complex problems, including the problem of automatic placement of the representation of elements (blocks, containers) and links between them in a window superimposed on a large-sized block diagram of an object. predictable algorithm. The presentation method (collapsed or expanded) of each container of the flowchart, which can contain tens or hundreds of nested elements, can be selected by the user at each stage of the algorithm development. A method of spatial arrangement of elements / containers of complex algorithms in automatic mode is proposed and described, taking into account the implementation of all possible user actions to modify the projected block diagram. The necessary approaches for their implementation are the internal data structures of the visual-graphic editor and some of the most important algorithms for calculating / recalculating the coordinates of blocks / containers and the links between them in the process of automatic placement.

STUDY OF UNILATERAL SPATIAL NEGLECT IN PARKINSON'S PATIENTS

In Africa, few studies are interested in unilateral spatial neglect (NSU) in Parkinson's disease. However, this syndrome is a deficit to detect, respond to or orientate towards meaningful stimuli (Heil- man, KM 1973), observable after an injury affecting the non-dominant hemisphere for language. The significant handicap it entails justifies the need for early diagnosis and care. The NSU study is mo- tivated by its link with neurocognitive phenomena that are important on the theoretical level (attention, visuospatial and perceptual awareness). The objective is to study USN in Parkinson's pa tients, followed and hospitalized at the Neurology Department of Hassan II University Hospital in Fez. The visual-graphic test that has been used to detect this pathology is that of Bell's test. The test focuses on the detection of targets placed among several stimuli on a sheet of A4 paper. The material included 120 people: 60 Parkinsonian patients: 34 men (56,7%), and 26 women (43,3%) and 60 control subjects: 34 men (56,7%), and 26 women (43,3%). The groups were matched by age and sex. Different aspects of neglect have been observed throughout the Bell's test. It was found that total omission of bell figures was significantly influenced by age, being less frequent in the 35-49 age group in both groups, and higher in the elderly (50-80 years), as well the level of education. It have been reduced considerably with the increase in education. The hand used and the laterality had no effect; t = 3.76 degrees of freedom (df) = 108.27 and p = 0.000. Unilateral spatial neglect has a negative effect in subjects with Parkin- son's disease. It deserves to be systematically sought for a better clinical evaluation and therapeutic management of the patients.