Ground Control Considerations for Remotely Piloted Spacecraft

1984 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig Hartley ◽  
Dave Cwynar ◽  
Lex Ray ◽  
Kathy Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Visual Aids ◽  
Design Issues ◽  
Vehicle Performance ◽  
Performance Variables ◽  
Authority Control ◽  
Task Requirements ◽  
Control Authority ◽  
Society Annual ◽  
And Function

To augment the capabilities of the space transportation system, NASA has funded studies aimed at developing a reusable, remotely piloted spacecraft capable of delivering and retrieving payloads at altitudes and inclinations beyond the reach of the present Shuttle Orbiters. Development of such a remotely piloted spacecraft involves five major categories of human factors design issues related to controllability: 1) mission conditions including thruster plume impingements and signal time delays; 2) vehicle performance variables including control authority, control harmony, minimum impulse, and cross coupling of accelerations; 3) maneuvering task requirements such as target distance and dynamics; 4) control parameters including various control modes and rate/displacement deadbands; and 5) display parameters involving camera placement and function, visual aids, and presentation of operational feedback from the spacecraft. To resolve these human factors design issues, the Martin Marietta Company is presently engaged in a program of research based on high fidelity simulations of remotely piloted spacecraft operations. Preliminary results of these studies will be presented in an interactive session at the 1984 Human Factors Society Annual Convention.

Human Factors Engineering: Designing for Diversity and Accessibility

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 1137-1140
Author(s):  
Jacklin Stonewall ◽  
Rod Roscoe ◽  
Claudia Mont’Alvão ◽  
Elizabeth Lerner Papautsky ◽  
Jon Sanford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Annual Meeting ◽  
Universal Design ◽  
Human Factors Engineering ◽  
Human Factors And Ergonomics ◽  
Lead Users ◽  
Society Annual ◽  
Equity And Inclusion ◽  
By Products

As the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Committee enters its fifth year, it continues to encourage the society, annual meeting attendees, and human factors professionals to improve diversity and equity within the field. At the center of this field are humans and their widely varying needs and abilities. While HFE professionals devote themselves to these needs, their details are often overlooked in order to design for what is assumed to be a majority of users. These assumptions can then lead users to be rejected by products, systems, or objects. This rejection indicates a lack of accessibility, which affects millions worldwide. In this panel, experts in the areas of universal design, healthcare, and accessible design will discuss how to “do” accessibility while demonstrating that accessibility should be considered a required component of usability.

A Methodology for the Evaluation of Real-Time Speech Digitization

1983 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas R. Edman ◽  
Stephen V. Metz
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Experimental Method ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Speech Intelligibility ◽  
Speech Quality ◽  
Design Issues ◽  
Commercial Speech ◽  
Store And Forward

Real-time speech digitizing technologies underlie such modern communications products as voice store and forward systems and digital PBX's. Among the human factors design issues associated with this technology, three of particular importance can be identified: i) speaker identifiability, ii) acceptability of speech quality, and iii) speech intelligibility. An experimental method for addressing issues of identifiability and intelligibility was developed and used to compare a commercial speech digitizing device with a standard toll quality telephone channel. It was found that the identifiability and acceptability of the telephone was slightly superior to the digitized speech. Additionally, results on an MRT showed intelligibility scores somewhat below optimal.

Human factors design issues for spectral exploitation tools

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Fitzhugh ◽  
Jeff Bradford ◽  
Richard Botschner
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Design Issues

Space Station Maintenance Workstation Development

1993 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-51
Author(s):  
Mihriban Whitmore ◽  
Randy B. Morris ◽  
Kent P. Vaubel ◽  
Frances E. Mount
Keyword(s):  
Computer Modeling ◽  
Space Station ◽  
Design Issues ◽  
Critical Design ◽  
Human Machine Interfaces ◽  
Work Volume ◽  
Work Area ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Task Requirements ◽  
Microgravity Conditions

Space Station Maintenance Workstation will be used to support equipment servicing and repair operations. The Maintenance Workstation provides different work area configurations, giving open workbench or a contained area. Up to five operators can work at the workstation simultaneously. A series of Maintenance Workstation evaluations have been conducted at NASA Johnson Space Center to determine the critical design issues relating to human-machine interfaces. A primary goal of this work was to verify whether the proposed design accommodated a wide range of users and maintenance task requirements under microgravity conditions. The tests were conducted onboard NASA's KC-135 microgravity aircraft. Three crew and six non-crew subjects participated in the studies. Tasks performed during the evaluations consisted of reach sweeps, force/torque task, soldering, handling large objects and lens replacement. Each session was videotaped for post-flight observations. In addition, subjects were asked to fill out a questionnaire following the flight. These microgravity evaluations were complemented by the computer modeling of different statures to investigate the viewing, reach, and head clearances. Results indicate that the size and location of the glove ports, and the enclosed work volume are the critical design concerns. The approach, findings and implications of the study are discussed.

Contracting for User Interface Design in Military Systems

1989 ◽  
Vol 33 (10) ◽  
pp. 593-593
Author(s):  
Jane N. Mosier ◽  
Mildred D. Jarvis ◽  
Donald L. Monk ◽  
Larry H. O'Brien ◽  
Robert Simon
Keyword(s):  
User Interface ◽  
Human Factors ◽  
Interface Design ◽  
User Interface Design ◽  
Computer Hardware ◽  
Design Issues ◽  
Acquisition Process ◽  
Military Systems ◽  
The Government

Many of the systems the Government acquires contain a large amount of software. Some are limited almost exclusively to off-the-shelf computer hardware, and software that is developed by a contractor. But human factors in military systems is regulated by documented standards and procedures that were developed before software gained an important role in military systems, and so do not deal with issues specific to user interface design. The purpose of this panel is to discuss user interface design issues and to propose changes to the acquisition process to improve user interface design for military systems.

Designing Useful Robots

2011 ◽  
pp. 250-269
Author(s):  
David Bisset
Keyword(s):  
Product Design ◽  
Adaptive Systems ◽  
Neural Computation ◽  
Robotic Systems ◽  
Cognitive Systems ◽  
Design Issues ◽  
Ethical Problems ◽  
Current State ◽  
And Function ◽  
Business Sectors

This chapter explores the challenges presented by the introduction of robots into our everyday lives, examining technical and design issues as well as ethical and business issues. It also examines the process of designing and specifying useful robots and highlights the practical difficulties in testing and guaranteeing behaviour and function in adaptive systems. The chapter also briefly reviews the current state of robotics in Europe and the global robotic marketplace. It argues that it is essential, for the generation of a viable industry, for the Academic and Business sectors to work together to solve the fundamental technical and ethical problems that can potentially impede the development and deployment of autonomous robotic systems. It details the reality and expectations in healthcare robotics examining the demographics and deployment difficulties this domain will face. Finally it challenges the assumption that Neural Computation is the technology of choice for building autonomous cognitive systems and points out the difficulties inherent in using adaptive “holistic” systems within the performance oriented ethos of the product design engineer.

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