High Performance Cognitive Skill Acquisition: Perceptual/Rule Learning

1987 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 652-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur D. Fisk
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Skill Acquisition ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Rule Learning ◽  
Cognitive Skill ◽  
Rule Based ◽  
Real World Problem ◽  
Memory Overload ◽  
And Training

Two experiments examined the effects of inter-component consistency on skill acquisition in a class of cognitive demanding tasks requiring rapid integration of information as well as rapid application of rules. The role of consistency of external stimulus-to-rule linkage in facilitating the learning and performing of a rule-based classification task was examined. The present data have implications for the understanding and training of skilled problem solving tasks. When training allows the development of automatization of subcomponents of the problem solving activity, the chance of memory overload is reduced. The present data point to one such trainable subcomponent clearly present in most real-world problem solving situations - the perceptual and rule-based components.

The Science of Wisdom in a Polarized World: Knowns and Unknowns

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Grossmann ◽  
Nic M. Weststrate ◽  
Monika Ardelt ◽  
Justin Peter Brienza ◽  
Mengxi Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Cognitive Sciences ◽  
Methodological Challenges ◽  
The Common ◽  
Empirical Approaches ◽  
And Training ◽  
Contextual Differences

Interest in wisdom in the cognitive sciences, psychology, and education has been paralleled by conceptual confusions about its nature and assessment. To clarify these issues and promote consensus in the field, wisdom researchers met in Toronto in July of 2019, resolving disputes through discussion. Guided by a survey of scientists who study wisdom-related constructs, we established a common wisdom model, observing that empirical approaches to wisdom converge on the morally-grounded application of metacognition to reasoning and problem-solving. After outlining the function of relevant metacognitive and moral processes, we critically evaluate existing empirical approaches to measurement and offer recommendations for best practices. In the subsequent sections, we use the common wisdom model to selectively review evidence about the role of individual differences for development and manifestation of wisdom, approaches to wisdom development and training, as well as cultural, subcultural, and social-contextual differences. We conclude by discussing wisdom’s conceptual overlap with a host of other constructs and outline unresolved conceptual and methodological challenges.

scholarly journals Will the last be first and the first last? The role of classroom registers in cognitive skill acquisition

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. e0197746
Author(s):  
Francesca Borgonovi ◽  
Maciej Jakubowski ◽  
Artur Pokropek
Keyword(s):  
Skill Acquisition ◽  
Cognitive Skill ◽  
Cognitive Skill Acquisition

Fighting the fire: improvisational behavior during the production launch of new products

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 722-749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uwe Gross
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
New Product Development ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
New Products ◽  
New Product ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Real World Problem ◽  
Problem Solving Behavior ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – Short-term problem solving during production launch may result in extended lead times and increased overall costs of new product development, thereby reducing the overall profitability of a new product. While the previous literature suggests formalized procedures and systematic problem solving approaches, empirical analyses indicate improvised, non-systematic, and ad hoc responses actually being used in firms’ real world problem solving processes. The purpose of this paper is to explain the role of such non-systematic approaches for the efficiency and effectiveness of problem solving processes during production launch. Design/methodology/approach – The paper empirically explores the impact of improvisational problem-solving behavior on a firm's production launch efficiency and on the success of new products. Moreover, the paper investigates the moderating role of technology familiarity, project complexity, and the number of occurring problems during production launch. Findings – The paper finds evidence for a positive curvilinear effect of improvisational problem-solving behavior on new product success and production launch efficiency. Additionally, the paper finds that improvisation is especially reasonable in complex and familiar projects or in the case of many unplanned changes during production launch. Research limitations/implications – The study provides evidence for the relevance of routinized and improvisational behavior during production launch. Practical implications – Improvisational behavior decreases the performance of the production launch and the financial performance of a new product in the case of frequent product changes or complex projects. Originality/value – For the first time behavioral theory is applied to the phenomenon of production launch and problem solving.

scholarly journals Do Employees Perform Creatively if Provided with Better Facilities from Organizations? Evidence from Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-96
Author(s):  
Fahad Javed Baig ◽  
Fasiha Nargis ◽  
Muhammad Umair Ashraf ◽  
Muhammad Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Work Engagement ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Realistic Job Previews ◽  
Job Previews ◽  
Performance Based Pay ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Training

The employees’ need of appreciation emerges in the form of rewards, empowerment and training, the supply of which fuels up performance of employees gaining indirectly by the organization through the interactive organizational practices grooming their skills which is tested and hypothesized many times. This study contributes by taking into account the inclusion of Creative Performance along with the other tested performance levels and also tests the mediating role of Work Engagement in the established relationships. This study helps in establishing this unique relationship observing the role of mediation also. The effects are analyzed with SPSS (21) and AMOS with Structural Equation modeling. Data is gathered from frontline employees of 06 cities of the Bahawalpur Division in Pakistan. The results show that rewards, empowerment and training foster Work Engagement that in turn elevates levels of Performance of Hotel Industry employees. The findings of this study will rebound to the benefit of the organizations regarding the success factors of their employees at workplace as they can get novelty of service ideas through employees. Its implementation will ultimately result in HR techniques to be adopted to achieve higher levels of performance in future. There are many other High-Performance tools like, Realistic Job Previews, Innovation Programs and Performance based Pay. Future studies can be conducted to assess the impact of these factors also. In addition, some psychological constructs may be included to enhance its area of application and know underlying reasons of divert behaviors. There are many other High-Performance tools like, Realistic Job Previews, Innovation Programs and Performance based Pay. Future studies can be conducted to assess the impact of these factors.

The Influence of Feedback Types on the Use of Automation During Learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-147
Author(s):  
Emily Brunsen ◽  
Imani Murph ◽  
Anne C. McLaughlin ◽  
Richard B. Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Education And Training ◽  
Declarative Knowledge ◽  
Rule Based ◽  
Feedback Type ◽  
And Training ◽  
Problem Solving Task

This study investigated two feedback types to see if there was a relationship between level of elaborative feedback and participant’s ability to learn a task while also looking at their use of automation. The task was a rule-based problem solving task where participants needed to learn the rules of selecting one pair (Ranger and Hiker) on a gridded map. Ten trials were randomly presented to participants who were asked to make pair selections based on rules (two stated and one unknown to the participant when starting) of correct matches. Results indicated that feedback type significantly influenced accuracy, while trial difficulty influenced use of automation. Results from this study can be applied in education and training of declarative knowledge tasks when rules must be inferred.

Training High-Performance Skills: Fallacies and Guidelines

1985 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Skill Acquisition ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Performance Skills ◽  
Learning Development ◽  
And Training

A high-performance skill is defined as one for which (1) more than 100 hours of training are required, (2) substantial numbers of individuals fail to develop proficiency, and (3) the performance of the expert is qualitatively different from that of the novice. Training programs for developing high-performance skills are often based on assumptions that may be appropriate for simple skills. These assumptions can be fallacious when extended to high performance skills. Six fallacies of training are described. Empirical characteristics of high-performance skill acquisition are reviewed. These include long acquisition periods, heterogeneity of component learning, development of inappropriate strategies, and training of timesharing skills. A tentative set of working guidelines for the acquisition of high-performance skills is described.

scholarly journals A Review on the Role of the Neuroscience of Flow States in the Modern World

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Joshua Gold ◽  
Joseph Ciorciari
Keyword(s):  
Skill Acquisition ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Peak Performance ◽  
Modern World ◽  
General Technique ◽  
Current State ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
Flow States

Flow states have been shown to help people reach peak performance, yet this elusive state is not easily attained. The review describes the current state of literature on flow by addressing the environmental influences as well as the cognitive and neurocognitive elements that underlie the experience. In particular, the research focusses on the transition of cognitive control from an explicit to an implicit process. This is further expanded upon to look at the current, yet related neurocognitive research of high performance associated with the implicit process of automaticity. Finally, the review focusses on transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) as a novel method to facilitates an induction of flow states. Implications are aimed at a general technique to improve on skill acquisition and overall performance.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document