scholarly journals Upper Extremity Function in Persons with Tetraplegia: Relationships Between Strength, Capacity, and the Spinal Cord Independence Measure

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 413-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Rudhe ◽  
Hubertus J. A. van Hedel
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Hand Function ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Extremity Function ◽  
Strength Capacity ◽  
Hand Muscle ◽  
Upper Extremity Function

Objective. To quantify the relationship between the Spinal Cord Independence Measure III (SCIM III), arm and hand muscle strength, and hand function tests in persons with tetraplegia. Methods. A total of 29 individuals with tetraplegia (motor level between cervical 4 and thoracic 1; sensory-motor complete and incomplete) participated. The total score, category scores, and separate items of the SCIM III were compared to the upper extremity motor score (UEMS), an extended manual muscle test (MMT) for 11 upper extremity muscles, and 6 functional capacity tests of the hand. Spearman's correlation coefficients ( rs) and regression analyses were performed. Results. The SCIM III sum score correlated well with the sum scores of the 3 tests ( rs ≥ .76). The SCIM III self-care category correlated better with the tests ( rs ≥ .80) compared to the other categories ( r s ≤ .72). The SCIM III self-care item “grooming” highly correlated with muscle strength and hand capacity items ( rs ≥ .80). A combination of hand muscle tests and the key grasping task explained over 90% of the variability in the self-care category scores. Conclusions. The SCIM III self-care category reflects upper extremity performance as it contains especially useful and valid items that relate to upper extremity function and capacity tests.

Effects of Mirror Therapy Combined With EMG-triggered Functional Electrical Stimulation to Improve on Upper Extremity Function in Patient with Chronic Stroke

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joo Yeol Jung ◽  
Pong Sub Youn ◽  
Dong Hoon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Physical Therapy ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Functional Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Chronic Stroke ◽  
Mirror Therapy ◽  
Extremity Function ◽  
Upper Extremity Function

AbstractThis study was performed to evaluate the effects of Mirror therapy combined with EMG-triggered Functional Electrical Stimulation on upper extremity function in patient with Chronic Stroke. A total of 24 chronic stroke patients were divided into 3 groups. Group I (n=8) was given with traditional physical therapy (TPT), group II (n=7) was given with traditional physical therapy and mirror therapy (MT), and group III (n=9) was given with traditional physical therapy and mirror therapy in conjunction with EMG-triggered Functional Electrical Stimulation (EMGFES-MT). Each group performed one hour a day 5 times a week for 6 weeks.We obtained the following result between before and after treatments about changes of elbow flexion muscle strength (EFMS), elbow extension muscle strength (EEMS), wrist flexion muscle strength (WFMS), wrist extension muscle strength (WEMS), elbow flexion range of motion (EFROM), elbow extension range of motion (EEROM), wrist flexion range of motion (WFROM), wrist extension range of motion (WEROM), grip strength (GS) and upper extremity function.Each group showed a significant difference in EFMS, EEMS, WFMS, WEMS, EFROM, EEROM, WFROM, WEROM, GS and upper extremity function (p<0.05) EMFES-MT group revealed significant differences in EEMS, WEROM, grip strength and upper extremity function as compared to the other groups (p<0.05). No difference was found in the change of spasticity among the 3 groups.Our results showed that EMFES-MT was more effective on elbow, WFMS, WEMS, AROM, grip strength and upper extremity function in patients with chronic stroke. We suggest that this study will be able to be used as an intervention data for recovering upper extremity function in chronic stroke patients

Abstract 2580: How Frequent Is Impaired Arm And Hand Function After First Occasion Of Stroke? An Unselected Population From A Stroke Unit With A Geographical Catchment.

Stroke ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Stibrant Sunnerhagen ◽  
Hanna C Persson
Keyword(s):  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Stroke Unit ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Hand Function ◽  
Stroke Onset ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Extremity Function ◽  
Unselected Population ◽  
Upper Extremity Function ◽  
Impaired Motor Function

Introduction Reduced upper extremity function after stroke has previously been reported in 70-80% of patients with stroke in the acute stage and is one of the most common impairments after acute stroke impaired motor function, both in upper and lower extremity, influence the stroke unit care and planning of the rehabilitation, partly due to the economic costs. There is limited information in upper extremity function within the first days after a stroke. Prior studies include either both first and recurrent stroke or only one type of stroke. Objectives To investigate the frequency impaired arm and hand function in an unselected group of patients with first occasion of stroke. Method All patients at a stroke unit at Sahlgrenska University Hospital were assessed during 18 months. From the hospital records, the patients were identified, the patient charts were read and first stroke diagnosis was confirmed (by either imaging or clinical assessment). Impaired upper extremity function was defined in the following manner: assessed with the Modified Motor Assessment Scale (M-MAS UAS -95) by physiotherapist working at the stroke unit within 72 hours after stroke onset or if this was found in the patients chart, other standardized assessments of upper extremity function performed by the physical therapist, the occupational therapist or the physicians on the ward. Results During the study period 984 patients with first ever stroke (438 women 44.5%) were admitted to the stroke unit. A total of 213 patients were not at the stroke unit within 72 hours after onset and therefore excluded; 90 patients had unclear stroke onset time, 49 patients were located at another ward, 36 patients were in the intensive care unit, 25 in other hospitals in Sweden and 12 patients were hospitalized in another country. There were 771 patients over 18 years old at the stroke unit within 72 hours after stroke onset. Of these 56 patients (7.3%), were not living in the catchment area and therefore excluded. Of the 715 patients living in the geographical catchment area, 58, (8.1%) hade other upper extremity injury prior the stroke onset. Of the remaining first ever stroke patients (n=657), 311 patients (47.3%) hade impaired arm and hand function within 72 hours after stroke onset. Conclusion The frequency of impaired upper extremity function in this unselected population of first occasion of stroke is lower than previously reported. The Copenhagen stroke study noted 69 % impaired at admission and 43 % at one week. This indicates that today’s stroke patients present less frequent with impaired motor function in the upper extremity. However, they may have difficulties in functional activities which may influence content of rehabilitation process.

Brain-Computer Interfaces for Control of Upper Extremity Neuroprostheses in Individuals with High Spinal Cord Injury

2018 ◽  
pp. 809-836 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rüdiger Rupp ◽  
Martin Rohm ◽  
Matthias Schneiders
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Brain Computer Interfaces ◽  
Computer Interfaces ◽  
Extremity Function ◽  
Valuable Adjunct ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Upper Extremity Function ◽  
The Many

For individuals with tetraplegia, restoring limited or missing grasping function is the highest priority. In patients with high Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) and a lack of surgical options, restricted upper extremity function can be improved with the use of neuroprostheses based on Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES). Grasp neuroprostheses with different degrees of complexity and invasiveness exist, although few models are available for routine clinical application. Hybrid systems combining FES with orthoses hold promise for restoring completely lost upper extremity function. Novel user interfaces integrating biosignals from several sources are needed to make full use of the many degrees of freedom of hybrid neuroprostheses. Motor Imagery (MI)-based Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) are an emerging technology that may serve as a valuable adjunct to traditional control interfaces. This chapter provides an overview of the current state of the art of BCI-controlled upper-extremity neuroprostheses and describes the challenges and promises for the future.

Nerve Transfers to Restore Upper Extremity Function in Cervical Spinal Cord Injury

2015 ◽  
Vol 136 (4) ◽  
pp. 780-792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ida K. Fox ◽  
Kristen M. Davidge ◽  
Christine B. Novak ◽  
Gwendolyn Hoben ◽  
Lorna C. Kahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Nerve Transfers ◽  
Extremity Function ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Upper Extremity Function

scholarly journals Development of a Short Form of the Simple Test for Evaluating Hand Function to Evaluate Upper-extremity Function while Sitting in a Wheelchair

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 585-590
Author(s):  
Tadahiko KAMEGAYA ◽  
Ryosuke MIYADERA ◽  
Takeshi OSHIKAWA ◽  
Yasuko SUZUKI ◽  
Tomoyuki MORITA
Keyword(s):  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Hand Function ◽  
Simple Test ◽  
Extremity Function ◽  
Upper Extremity Function

Improving hand function after spinal cord injury

2021 ◽  
pp. 175319342110274
Author(s):  
Jan Fridén ◽  
James House ◽  
Michael Keith ◽  
Silvia Schibli ◽  
Natasha van Zyl
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Muscle Function ◽  
Spinal Cord Injuries ◽  
Hand Function ◽  
Nerve Transfer ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Upper Extremity Function ◽  
Improve Planning

Nerve transfer surgery has expanded reconstructive options for restoring upper extremity function following spinal cord injury. By adding new motor donors to the pool already available through tendon transfers, the effectiveness of treatment should improve. Planning which procedures and in which order to perform, along with their details must be delineated. To meet these demands, refined diagnostics are needed, along with awareness of the remaining challenges to restore intrinsic muscle function and to address spasticity and its consequences. This article summaries recent advances in surgical reanimation of upper extremity motor control, together with an overview of the development of neuro-prosthetic and neuromodulation techniques to modify recovery or substitute for functional losses after spinal cord injuries.

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