Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice Regarding Research Ethics Committees Among Health Care Faculty at Two Public Universities in Jordan

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 372-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nehad M. Ayoub ◽  
Abeer M. Qandil ◽  
J. Allen McCutchan
Keyword(s):  
Research Ethics ◽  
Review Process ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Ethics Committees ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Ethics Committees ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitudes And Practices

Human research at Jordanian universities is increasing. This descriptive cross-sectional survey assessed knowledge, attitudes, and practices concerning the procedures and review process of research ethics committees (RECs) among faculty in health sciences in two major Jordanian universities. Most faculty reported having no training in research ethics in their current institutions. Although knowledge of RECs’ roles and functions was adequate, deficiencies were found regarding the advisory and monitoring roles for RECs raised in this survey. Faculty expressed concerns about levels of ethical training for members of RECs and potential conflicts of interest and bias in review process. RECs should provide ethics training for faculty, and future research should examine the functioning of the RECs in Jordan and other Middle Eastern countries.

A Survey to Determine the Capacity Development Needs of Research Ethics Committee Administrators in South Africa

2021 ◽  
pp. 155626462110567
Author(s):  
Mutshidzi A. Mulondo ◽  
Joyce M. Tsoka-Gwegweni ◽  
Puleng LenkaBula ◽  
Perpetual Chikobvu
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Research Ethics ◽  
Capacity Development ◽  
Ethics Committees ◽  
Formal Training ◽  
Research Ethics Committees ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Training Requirements ◽  
Administrator Role

Most capacity development efforts for research ethics committees focus on committee members and little on ethics administrators. Increasing studies mandate the focus on administrators’ capacity development needs to enable adequate and effective committee support. This study investigated current responsibilities, training requirements, and administrator role needs. An online cross-sectional survey was conducted among administrators from 62 National Health Research Ethics Council-registered research ethics committees in South Africa. In total, 36 administrators completed the questionnaire. Results show that, in addition to administration, they perform managerial, review process and guidance-advisory tasks. Nearly 49% indicated only having received informal research ethics-related training, not targeted formal training, with 81% of the informal training being through workshops. Research ethics administrators’ responsibilities have evolved to complex tasks requiring targeted capacity development efforts.

A cross-sectional survey to investigate community understanding of medical research ethics committees

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (7) ◽  
pp. 545-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Fritschi ◽  
Helen L Kelsall ◽  
Bebe Loff ◽  
Claudia Slegers ◽  
Deborah Zion ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Research ◽  
Research Ethics ◽  
Ethics Committees ◽  
Research Ethics Committees ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical Research Ethics

scholarly journals Research ethics by design: A collaborative research design proposal

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-91
Author(s):  
Donald S Borrett ◽  
Heather Sampson ◽  
Ann Cavoukian
Keyword(s):  
Research Ethics ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Collaborative Research ◽  
Review Process ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Ethics Committees ◽  
Research Ethics Committees ◽  
Regulatory Frameworks ◽  
Collective Benefit ◽  
Design Proposal

Privacy by Design, a globally accepted framework for personal data management and privacy protection, advances the view that privacy cannot be assured solely by compliance with regulatory frameworks but must become an organisation’s default mode of operation. We are proposing a similar template for the research ethics review process. The Research Ethics by Design framework involves research ethics committees engaging researchers during the design phase of the proposal so that ethical considerations may be directly embedded in the science as opposed to being viewed as addendums after the fact. This collaborative research design proposal results in the establishment of a culture of ethical research rather than research with ethical oversight. Both researchers and research ethics committees come to view the review process as one in which individual protection and collective benefit co-exist in a doubly-enabling positive-sum manner.

scholarly journals Attitudes and practices of public health academics towards research funding from for-profit organizations: cross-sectional survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (7) ◽  
pp. 1133-1145
Author(s):  
Rima Nakkash ◽  
Ahmed Ali ◽  
Hala Alaouie ◽  
Khalil Asmar ◽  
Norbert Hirschhorn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Graduate Degree ◽  
Sampling Frame ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
World Region ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Attitudes And Practices

Abstract Objectives The growing trend of for-profit organization (FPO)-funded university research is concerning because resultant potential conflicts of interest might lead to biases in methods, results, and interpretation. For public health academic programmes, receiving funds from FPOs whose products have negative health implications may be particularly problematic. Methods A cross-sectional survey assessed attitudes and practices of public health academics towards accepting funding from FPOs. The sampling frame included universities in five world regions offering a graduate degree in public health; 166 academics responded. Descriptive, bivariate, and logistic regression analyses were conducted. Results Over half of respondents were in favour of accepting funding from FPOs; attitudes differed by world region and gender but not by rank, contract status, % salary offset required, primary identity, or exposure to an ethics course. In the last 5 years, almost 20% of respondents had received funding from a FPO. Sixty per cent of respondents agreed that there was potential for bias in seven aspects of the research process, when funds were from FPOs. Conclusions Globally, public health academics should increase dialogue around the potential harms of research and practice funded by FPOs.

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitude and practice of research ethics among medical faculty in a teaching hospital

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 913 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swetha Munoli ◽  
Niveditha G. ◽  
Deepthi R.
Keyword(s):  
Informed Consent ◽  
Research Ethics ◽  
Ethics Committees ◽  
Ethics Committee ◽  
Medical Faculty ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Ethical Review ◽  
Research Ethics Committees ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Validated Questionnaire

Background: To assess the knowledge, attitudes and practice of medical faculty regarding research ethics and research ethics committees (RECs).Methods: A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study was conducted in ESIC medical colleges in Bangalore among faculty using a validated questionnaire. Questions were designed to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practice of medical faculty regarding research ethics and research ethics committees. Statistical analysis was done using descriptive statistics and chi-square tests.Results: Majority (76%) of faculty had not undergone training in research ethics. Less than half of the participants answered correctly to a question on guidelines in research ethics, 60% responded correctly to question on research involving children. Majority responded correctly to question on role of a research ethics committee and confidentiality, informed consent and to question on composition of Institutional Ethics Committee. 68% taught that ethical review of research by an ethics committee would delay research. >90% were favourable towards research ethics training. Faculty held attitudes regarding certain research ethics practices that were not optimal, 96% believed that it is okay to fabricate data, 68% taught that if no surrogate is available to give informed consent for vulnerable groups, they could still be included.Conclusions: We conclude that among the medical faculties participating in our study, there is acceptance of RECs and training in research ethics, while there are knowledge gaps in research ethics guidelines, research involving children. There is need to train researchers and students to make them aware about various aspects of research.

scholarly journals Perspectives of Canadian and American Cat Owners on Provision of Uncontrolled Outdoor Access for Owned Domestic Cats

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah M. L. Tan ◽  
Sarah Jajou ◽  
Anastasia C. Stellato ◽  
Lee Niel
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Attitudes And Practices

While uncontrolled outdoor access can increase opportunities for cat physical and mental stimulation, it can also increase risks of injury and illness, and result in predation of wild birds and small animals. In Canada and the United States, it is often recommended to keep cats indoors, but many owners still provide some level of outdoor access. The objectives of this study were to use a cross-sectional survey to explore the attitudes and practices of cat owners in Canada and the United States toward outdoor access and to identify factors that influence the provision of uncontrolled outdoor access. A convenience sample of cat owners (N = 7,838) were recruited to complete an online survey, and a mixed logistic regression model was used to examine associations between cat and owner-related factors, and uncontrolled outdoor access for cats, with province/state included as a random effect. In total, 57% of owners kept their cats indoors, and 43% provided some form of outdoor access, with 21% of total owners providing uncontrolled outdoor access. Provision of uncontrolled outdoor access was associated with factors related to cat characteristics (e.g., sex, breed, presence of health, and behavioral issues), the home environment (e.g., living with other pets, types of enrichment provided), owner perspectives on outdoor access (e.g., level of agreement with potential benefits and consequence of outdoor access), and owner demographics (e.g., gender, education, area of residence). For cats with uncontrolled outdoor access, few owners reported their cats having a collar or a microchip, suggesting a need to increase education about precautionary measures to protect the welfare of outdoor cats. Results reveal how owners are caring for their cats in terms of providing outdoor access and generate hypotheses for future research to examine the influence of the owner-pet bond and educational programs on owner practices around providing outdoor access.

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