scholarly journals Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Is a Significant Risk Factor for Central Serous Chorioretinopathy in Male Veterans

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 155798832110349
Author(s):  
Bradley S. Gundlach ◽  
Irena Tsui
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Central Serous Chorioretinopathy ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic

The primary aim of this study was to determine whether psychosocial factors, such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and anxiety, are independently associated with the development of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR), a predominantly male eye disorder. A secondary aim was to verify previously determined risk factors in a veteran population. All CSCR subjects seen in one year at a veteran eye clinic were included. Chart review was performed to identify general health information as well as eye history. Univariate and multivariate analysis was performed to identify factors that were independently associated with the development of CSCR. Fifty-one cases of CSCR were identified and an additional 51 age-matched controls with healthy eyes were used for analysis. Multivariate analysis revealed that history of PTSD was strongly associated with the development of CSCR (OR = 9.43, p = .002), even more so than previously reported risk factors. Anxiety was significant at the univariate level (OR = 6.48, p = .001) but lost significance at the multivariate level. At the multivariate level, several existing risk factors were confirmed including sleep apnea (OR = 5.76, p = .004), heart disease (OR = 7.06, p = .004), smoking (OR = 5.52, p = .003) and steroid use (OR = 4.55, p = .005). PTSD was strongly associated with the development of CSCR in the veteran population studied and may represent an important modifiable risk factor.

Pain in the aftermath of trauma is a risk factor for post-traumatic stress disorder

2007 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 533-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. B. Norman ◽  
M. B. Stein ◽  
J. E. Dimsdale ◽  
D. B. Hoyt
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Injury ◽  
Surgical Trauma ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Post Traumatic

BackgroundIdentifying risk factors for the development of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is important for understanding and ultimately preventing the disorder. This study assessed pain shortly after traumatic injury (i.e. peritraumatic pain) as a risk factor for PTSD.MethodParticipants (n=115) were patients admitted to a Level 1 Surgical Trauma Center. Admission to this service reflected a severe physical injury requiring specialized, emergent trauma care. Participants completed a pain questionnaire within 48 h of traumatic injury and a PTSD diagnostic module 4 and 8 months later.ResultsPeritraumatic pain was associated with an increased risk of PTSD, even after controlling for a number of other significant risk factors other than acute stress disorder symptoms. An increase of 0.5 s.d. from the mean in a 0–10 pain rating scale 24–48 h after injury was associated with an increased odds of PTSD at 4 months by more than fivefold, and at 8 months by almost sevenfold. A single item regarding amount of pain at the time of hospital admission correctly classified 65% of participants.ConclusionsIf these findings are replicated in other samples, high levels of peritraumatic pain could be used to identify individuals at elevated risk for PTSD following traumatic injury.

scholarly journals Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) as a Systemic Disorder: Pathways to Cardiovascular Disease. Article in press, HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY, 2021.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David S. Krantz ◽  
Lisa M. Shank ◽  
Jeffrey L. Goodie
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Systemic Disorder ◽  
Post Traumatic

Evidence indicates that post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a significant risk factor for the development and progression of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Most explanations for PTSD-CVD associations conceptualize PTSD as a stress-related mental health disorder that elicits physiological, behavioral, and psychological responses that are causal factors in the development of cardiovascular disorders. This article reviews evidence for the broader physical health consequences of PTSD, and presents a conceptual model based on research suggesting that PTSD is a systemic disorder. Specifically, research findings indicate that diagnostic criteria are just the “tip of the iceberg” of a broader systemic disorder with elements that are cardiovascular risk factors. These systemic physiological and behavioral elements therefore should not be regarded as accompanying but unrelated diseases or comorbidities, but as inherent components of PTSD that directly impact the development of CVD. The systemic disorder approach has implications for the conceptualization of PTSD as a cardiovascular risk factor, needed research on PTSD and CVD, and clinical efforts to reduce PTSD-associated cardiovascular risk. It is suggested that treatments that aim to reduce cardiovascular disease risk need to address both the PTSD diagnostic components and its associated cardiovascular risk factors. Further research is needed to test the applicability and implications of the systemic disorder perspective.

scholarly journals Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) as a Systemic Disorder: Pathways to Cardiovascular Disease. Article in press, HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY, 2021.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David S. Krantz ◽  
Lisa M. Shank ◽  
Jeffrey L. Goodie
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Systemic Disorder ◽  
Post Traumatic

Evidence indicates that post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a significant risk factor for the development and progression of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Most explanations for PTSD-CVD associations conceptualize PTSD as a stress-related mental health disorder that elicits physiological, behavioral, and psychological responses that are causal factors in the development of cardiovascular disorders. This article reviews evidence for the broader physical health consequences of PTSD, and presents a conceptual model based on research suggesting that PTSD is a systemic disorder. Specifically, research findings indicate that diagnostic criteria are just the “tip of the iceberg” of a broader systemic disorder with elements that are cardiovascular risk factors. These systemic physiological and behavioral elements therefore should not be regarded as accompanying but unrelated diseases or comorbidities, but as inherent components of PTSD that directly impact the development of CVD. The systemic disorder approach has implications for the conceptualization of PTSD as a cardiovascular risk factor, needed research on PTSD and CVD, and clinical efforts to reduce PTSD-associated cardiovascular risk. It is suggested that treatments that aim to reduce cardiovascular disease risk need to address both the PTSD diagnostic components and its associated cardiovascular risk factors. Further research is needed to test the applicability and implications of the systemic disorder perspective.

scholarly journals Functional and Cosmetic Urethroplasty Outcome, Emotional Stress after Genital Examination, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, and Ages at the Time of Urethroplasty as Potential Risk Factor Causing Psychosocial Disorder of Hypospadia Children

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 1452-1455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gede Wirya Kusuma Duarsa ◽  
Dinar Ayu Pratiwi ◽  
Pande Wisnu Tirtayasa ◽  
Wayan Yudiana ◽  
Kadek Budi Santosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Psychological Stress ◽  
Emotional Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Psychosocial Disorders ◽  
Post Traumatic

BACKGROUND: Children with hypospadias, being born with congenital abnormalities, having repeated genital examination, hospitalization, and undewent genital surgery, experienced psychological stress that may negatively affect their psychosocial life. Choosing the proper time of surgery as recommended is important, since it may have a positive impact on the psychosocial adaptation. AIM: This study aims to find the risk factors causing psychosocial disorders in post-repair surgery on hypospadias children. METHODS: This is a case control study, from 203 hypospadias patients underwent urethroplasty from 2009 to 2018. Subjets were screened for psychosocial disorders by Pediatric Symptoms Questionnaire 17 (PSC-17) questionnaire to find those with psychosocial disorders, score 15 or more (case group) and those without psychosocial disorders (control group), score 0-14. We traced back the data retrospectively from both group (history of utrethrocutaneous fistula and meatal stenosis, age upon urethroplasty) and collecting new ones (cosmetic outcome, emotional stress after genital examination, and the existence of PTSD). Fisher’s exact test was performed to see the Odds ratio (OR) for each variable. RESULTS: Some children with hypospadias show impaired on psychocosial. Functional and cosmetic outcome not significantly different as potensial risk factor psychosocial disorders, genital examination doesn’t trigger psychological stress and also none children show PTSD symtomp after surgery. Comparison time of age urethroplasty did not differ significantly between two group CONCLUSIONS: Twenty-nine children post urthroplasty show psychosocial disorders. Functional and cosmetic urethroplasty outcomes, emotional stress after genital examination, post-traumatic stress disorder were not risk factors of pshycosocial disorder of hypospadias patients. Ages at time of surgery did not differ significantly between two group and this is contradict to the previous recommendations.

scholarly journals Post-traumatic stress disorder as a risk factor for dementia: systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 217 (5) ◽  
pp. 600-608
Author(s):  
Mia Maria Günak ◽  
Jo Billings ◽  
Emily Carratu ◽  
Natalie L. Marchant ◽  
Graziella Favarato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Meta Analyses

BackgroundPost-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been identified as a potential risk factor for developing dementia. There are currently, however, no meta-analyses quantifying this risk.AimsTo systematically review and quantify the risk of future dementia associated with PTSD across populations. PROSPERO registration number CRD42019130392.MethodWe searched nine electronic databases up to 25 October 2019 for longitudinal studies assessing PTSD and risk of dementia. We used random- and fixed-effects meta-analyses to pool estimates across studies.ResultsPTSD was associated with a significant risk for all-cause dementia: pooled hazard ratio HR = 1.61 (95% CI 1.43–1.81, I2= 85.8%, P < 0.001; n = 1 693 678; 8 studies). Pooled HR was 1.61 (95% CI 1.46–1.78; I2= 80.9%, P < 0.001; n = 905 896; 5 studies) in veterans, and 2.11 (95% CI 1.03–4.33, I2= 91.2%, P < 0.001; n = 787 782; 3 studies) in the general population. The association between PTSD and dementia remained significant after excluding studies with high risk of bias (HR = 1.55, 95% CI 1.39–1.73, I2= 83.9%, P < 0.001; n = 1 684 928; 7 studies). Most studies included were retrospective and there was evidence of high heterogeneity.ConclusionsThis is the first meta-analysis quantifying the association of PTSD and risk of dementia showing that PTSD is a strong and potentially modifiable risk factor for all-cause dementia. Future studies investigating potential causal mechanisms, and the protective value of treating PTSD are needed.

scholarly journals Causes and Risk Factor of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Adult Asylum Seekers and Refugees

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 410-423
Author(s):  
Abdullah AlRefaie ◽  
Christopher Dowrick
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Causes And Risk Factors ◽  
Asylum Seekers And Refugees

Objectives: To assess the causes and risk factors of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in adult asylum seekers and refugees. To explore whether the causes and risk factors of PTSD between male and female adult refugees/asylum seekers are different. Study design: Systematic review of current literature. Data Sources: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Google Scholar up until February 2019. Method: A structured, systematic search was conducted of the relevant databases. Papers were excluded if they failed to meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Afterwards, a qualitative assessment was performed on the selected papers. Results: 12 Studies were included for the final analysis. All papers were either case studies/reports or cross-sectional studies. Traumatic events experienced by refugees/asylum seekers are the most frequently reported pre-migration causes of PTSD development, while acculturative stress is the most common post-migration stressor. There were mixed reports regarding the causes of PTSD between both genders of refugees/asylum seekers. Conclusions: This review’s findings have potential clinical application in terms of helping clinicians to risk stratify refugees/asylum seekers for PTSD development and thus aid in embarking on earlier intervention measures. However, more rigorous research similar to this study is needed for it to be implemented into clinical practice.

Risk factors for post-traumatic stress disorder in acute trauma patients

2021 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Noah M. Joseph ◽  
Alex Benedick ◽  
Christopher D. Flanagan ◽  
Mary A. Breslin ◽  
Heather A. Vallier
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Acute Trauma ◽  
Post Traumatic
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