scholarly journals Effect of a Multiple-Micronutrient-Fortified Fruit Powder Beverage on the Nutrition Status, Physical Fitness, and Cognitive Performance of Schoolchildren in the Philippines

2003 ◽  
Vol 24 (4_suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S129-S140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florentino S. Solon ◽  
Jesus N. Sarol ◽  
Allan B. I. Bernardo ◽  
Juan Antonio A. Solon ◽  
Haile Mehansho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Urinary Iodine ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Urinary Iodine Excretion ◽  
Iodine Status ◽  
Multiple Micronutrient ◽  
Fortified Beverage

This study aimed to determine the effect of a multiple-micronutrient-fortified beverage on the micronutrient status, physical fitness, and cognitive performance of schoolchildren. The study was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of schoolchildren assigned to receive either the fortified or nonfortified beverage with or without anthelmintic therapy. Data on hemoglobin level, urinary iodine excretion (UIE) level, physical fitness, and cognitive performance were collected at baseline and at 16 weeks post-intervention. The fortified beverage significantly improved iron status among the subjects that had hemoglobin levels < 11 g/dl at baseline. The proportion of children who remained moderately to severely anemic was significantly lower among those given the fortified beverage. In the groups that received the fortified product, the median UIE level increased, whereas among those who received the placebo beverage, the median UIE level was reduced significantly. Iron- and/or iodine-deficient subjects who received the fortified beverage showed significant improvements in fitness (post-exercise reduction of heart rate) and cognitive performance (nonverbal mental ability score). The study showed that consumption of a multiple-micronutrient-fortified beverage for 16 weeks had significant effects on iron status, iodine status, physical fitness, and cognitive performance among iron- and/or iodine-deficient Filipino schoolchildren. Anthelmintic therapy improved iron status of anemic children and iodine status of the iron-adequate children at baseline but it had no effect on physical fitness and cognitive performance. The results from the clinical study showed that a multiple-micronutrient-fortified beverage could play an important role in preventing and controlling micronutrient deficiencies.

Effect of a Multiple-Micronutrient-Fortified Fruit Powder Beverage on the Nutrition Status, Physical Fitness, and Cognitive Performance of Schoolchildren in the Philippines

2003 ◽  
Vol 24 (4_suppl2) ◽  
pp. S129-S140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florentino S. Solon ◽  
Jesus N. Sarol ◽  
Allan B. I. Bernardo ◽  
Juan Antonio A. Solon ◽  
Haile Mehansho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Multiple Micronutrient ◽  
Fruit Powder

Iodine status assessment in Campania (Italy) as determined by urinary iodine excretion

Nutrition ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 926-929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Mazzarella ◽  
Daniela Terracciano ◽  
Angelina Di Carlo ◽  
Paolo Emidio Macchia ◽  
Eduardo Consiglio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Iodine ◽  
Urinary Iodine Excretion ◽  
Iodine Status ◽  
Iodine Excretion ◽  
Status Assessment

scholarly journals Nutritional iodine status and obesity

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariacarla Moleti ◽  
Maria Di Mauro ◽  
Giuseppe Paola ◽  
Antonella Olivieri ◽  
Francesco Vermiglio
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Urinary Iodine ◽  
Thyroid Volume ◽  
Iodine Intake ◽  
Urinary Iodine Excretion ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Iodine Status ◽  
Iodine Excretion

AbstractIodine is an essential component of the thyroid hormones, thyroxine and triiodothyronine. Its availability strictly depends on iodine content of foods, which may vary from very low to very high. Inadequate iodine intake (deficiency or excess) may affect thyroid function resulting in hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism. Based on median urinary iodine concentrations, epidemiological criteria have been established for the categorization and monitoring of nutritional iodine status of a population (or subgroups of populations). Additional methods for iodine intake assessment include measurement of thyroid size (by thyroid palpation or ultrasonography) and of biochemical parameters, such as neonatal thyroid stimulating hormone, thyroglobulin and thyroid hormones.Recent studies carried out in overweight/obese children and adults provide evidence that body mass index (BMI) may significantly influence the above indicators, thus theoretically affecting the epidemiological evaluation of nutritional iodine status in populations.In this short review, we analyze current knowledge on the effects of overweight and obesity on indicators of adequacy and monitoring of iodine status, namely urinary iodine excretion and thyroid volume and echogenicity.Data on urinary iodine excretion in overweight/obese children are divergent, as both increased and reduced levels have been reported in overweight/obese children compared to normal-weight controls.Whether gastrointestinal surgery may affect iodine absorption and lead to iodine deficiency in patients undergoing bariatric surgery has been evaluated in a limited number of studies, which excluded iodine deficiency, thus suggesting that supplements usually recommended after bariatric surgery do not need to include iodine.Albeit limited, evidence on thyroid volume and obesity is consistent with a direct relationship between thyroid volume and BMI, irrespective of nutritional iodine status. Finally, a higher frequency of thyroid hypoechoic pattern has been described in overweight/obese children. This finding has been recently related to an increased adipocyte infiltration and thyroid parenchyma imbibition mediated by inflammatory cytokines and should be considered when the frequency of thyroid hypoechoic pattern is used as non-invasive marker to indirectly assess thyroid autoimmunity in monitoring Universal Salt Iodization programs. Further studies, specifically addressing the role of schoolchildren body mass index as a factor potentially influencing iodine intake indicators are needed.

Saliva Iodine Concentration in Children and Its Association with Iodine Status and Thyroid Function

2020 ◽  
Vol 105 (9) ◽  
pp. e3451-e3459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenxing Guo ◽  
Ziyun Pan ◽  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Ya Jin ◽  
Shuyao Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Urinary Iodine ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Iodine Concentration ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Urinary Iodine Excretion ◽  
Urinary Iodine Concentration ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Iodine Status

Abstract Context The effectiveness of saliva iodine concentration (SIC) in evaluating iodine status in children is not clear. Objective We aimed to explore associations between SIC and assessed indicators of iodine status and thyroid function. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Primary schools in Shandong, China. Participants Local children aged 8 to 13 years with no known thyroid disease were recruited to this study. Main outcome measures Blood, saliva, and urine samples were collected to evaluate thyroid function and iodine status. Results SIC positively correlated with spot urinary iodine concentration (r = 0.29, P &lt; 0.0001), 24-hour urinary iodine concentration (r = 0.35, P &lt; 0.0001), and 24-hour urinary iodine excretion (r = 0.40, P &lt; 0.0001). The prevalence of thyroid nodules (TN) and goiter showed an upward trend with SIC quantiles (P for trend &lt; 0.05). Children with SIC &lt;105 μg/L had a higher risk of insufficient iodine status (OR = 4.18; 95% CI, 2.67-6.56) compared with those with higher SIC. Those having SIC &gt;273 μg/L were associated with greater risks of TN (OR = 2.70; 95% CI, 1.38-5.26) and excessive iodine status (OR = 18.56; 95% CI, 5.66-60.91) than those with lower SIC values. Conclusions There is a good correlation between SIC and urinary iodine concentrations. It is of significant reference value for the diagnosis of iodine deficiency with SIC of less than 105 μg/L and for the diagnosis of iodine excess and TN with SIC of more than 273 μg/L. Given the sanitary nature and convenience of saliva iodine collection, SIC is highly recommended as a good biomarker of recent iodine status in school-aged children.

Current iodine status in Japan: A cross-sectional nationwide survey of schoolchildren, 2014–2019

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yozen Fuse ◽  
Yoshiya Ito ◽  
Yoshimasa Shishiba ◽  
Minoru Irie
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Iodine ◽  
Nationwide Survey ◽  
Iodine Concentration ◽  
Iodine Intake ◽  
Urinary Iodine Excretion ◽  
Urinary Iodine Concentration ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Iodine Status ◽  
Iodine Excretion ◽  
Cr Concentration

Abstract Context Japan has been regarded as a long-standing iodine sufficient country without iodine fortification; however, data on nationwide iodine status is lacking. Objective This study aimed to characterize the iodine status in Japan. Methods From 2014 through 2019 a nationwide school-based survey was conducted across all districts in Japan. Urinary iodine concentration (UIC), creatinine (Cr) concentration and anthropometry were assessed in healthy school-aged children (SAC) aged 6 to 12 years. Their iodine status is regarded as generally representative of the nation's iodine status. Results A total of 32,025 children participated. The overall median UIC was 269 μg/L which was within the WHO’s adequacy range. There was a regional difference in UIC values within 14 regions, and the lowest and highest median UIC were found in Tanegashima Island (209 μg/L) and Nakashibetsu, Hokkaido (1,071 μg/L), respectively. The median UIC ≥ 300 μg/L was observed in 12 out of 46 regions. By using estimated 24-h urinary iodine excretion (UIE), the prevalence of SAC exceeding the upper tolerable limit of iodine for Japanese children was from 5.2 to 13.7%. The UIC values did not change with age, BSA and BMI percentile, while the Cr concentration simultaneously increased suggesting the effect of urinary creatinine on UI/Cr and estimated 24-h UIE values. Conclusions The iodine intake of Japanese people is adequate, but in some areas it is excessive. The incidence and prevalence of thyroid disorders associated with iodine intake should be obtained especially in the areas where high amounts of iodine are consumed.

Iodine status as determined by urinary iodine excretion in Lesotho two years after introducing legislation on universal salt iodization

Nutrition ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masekonyela Linono Damane Sebotsa ◽  
André Dannhauser ◽  
Pieter L. Jooste ◽  
Gina Joubert
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Iodine ◽  
Urinary Iodine Excretion ◽  
Iodine Status ◽  
Salt Iodization ◽  
Iodine Excretion

The Relationship Between Physical Fitness, Urine Iodine Status, and Body-Mass Index in 6- to 7-year-old Polish Children

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 318-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylwia Merkiel ◽  
Wojciech Chalcarz
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Urinary Iodine ◽  
Physical Fitness Test ◽  
Iodine Status ◽  
Fitness Test ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Urine Iodine

The aim of this study was to assess physical fitness in 6- to 7-yr-old children and determine if there is any relationship between children’s physical fitness, their urine iodine status, and their body-mass index (BMI). The studied population included 121 children from southern Poland. Physical fitness was measured using a physical fitness test for children age 3–7 yr. Urinary iodine concentrations were measured in the children’s first urine output on waking using the modified PAMM (Program Against Micronutrient Malnutrition) method. Body height and weight were measured and BMI was calculated. The subjects were characterized by low physical fitness. Boys obtained better results in agility, power, and strength exercises (p ≤ .05). In girls, 11 correlation coefficients between the scores obtained in the physical fitness test, urinary iodine, and anthropometric measures were statistically significant, and in boys, only 2. BMI correlated positively with agility in girls and with strength in girls and boys. Our study revealed low physical fitness in Polish 6- to 7-yr-old children, which shows the need to implement programs aimed at increasing their physical activity. The relationship found between physical fitness and urine iodine status in girls indicates that future research in this area is needed.

scholarly journals Iodine status, and knowledge about iodine deficiency disorders in adolescent school girls aged 14-19 years, 2016

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Heidari ◽  
Seyed Rafie Arefhosseini ◽  
Mehdi Hedayati ◽  
Elnaz Vaghef-Mehrabany ◽  
Mehrangiz Ebrahimi-Mameghani
Keyword(s):  
Iodine Deficiency ◽  
Urinary Iodine ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Urinary Iodine Excretion ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Iodine Deficiency Disorders ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Iodine Status ◽  
Rich Food ◽  
School Girls

Background: Adequate iodine intake by women in child-bearing age affects fetus neurodevelopment during pregnancy. A majority of previous studies has investigated iodine status among children, and there is limited data on female adolescents who are more exposed to consequences of iodine deficiency (ID) in their near-future pregnancies; thus, we aimed to assess iodine status, and knowledge on iodine deficiency disorders (IDDs) among adolescent school girls (14-19 years old) in Shahriar, Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 223 female students selected through multi-stage cluster sampling from 12 schools. Iodine and creatinine concentrations were measured in casual urine samples. Iodine content of household salts was also assessed.Data on intake of salt and iodine-rich food sources were collected applying a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), and knowledge about iodine and IDDs were assessed by a questionnaire. Results: Median and Mean (95% CI) concentrations of urinary iodine and creatinine were 129 µg/L, 137.62 µg/L (95% CI: 126.28, 148.95) and 1.72 g/L, 1.86 g/L (95% CI: 0.55-3.17),respectively. The frequency of mild, moderate and severe ID were 22.4%, 14.3% and 0%,respectively; 43.5% had adequate, and 3.1% had excessive urinary iodine levels. Mean saltiodine concentration was 21.69 (SD=10.56) ppm. Mean knowledge score was 12.7 (SD=3.44).About half of the students had a poor (25.1%) or fair (24.2%) knowledge about iodine deficiency.Adjusting for the confounders, no significant positive association was found between knowledge about iodine-rich food sources and goitrogens with urinary iodine excretion. Conclusion: Adolescent girls in Shahriar had relatively poor knowledge of iodine, and about one third of them suffered from ID.

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