Fecal fusobacterium nucleatum for detecting colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Objective: The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the efficacy of fecal Fusobacterium nucleatum ( Fn) for detecting colorectal cancer. It is the first systematic review and meta-analysis to focus exclusively on fecal Fn for colorectal cancer. Materials and methods: Comprehensive searches of several databases before January 2018 were conducted. Fecal Fn for detecting colorectal cancer was evaluated via pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, diagnostic odds ratio, and area under the curve. Heterogeneity was explored using meta-regression and subgroup analyses. The publication bias and the overall quality of evidence were also analyzed. Results: Our analysis included six papers containing seven case-control studies in the systematic review and meta-analysis. Overall sensitivity and specificity were 0.68 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.64, 0.72) and 0.78 (95% CI 0.75, 0.81), respectively. The positive likelihood ratio and negative likelihood ratio in detecting colorectal cancer were 2.87 (95% CI 1.62, 5.10) and 0.40 (95% CI 0.30, 0.54) respectively. The diagnostic odds ratio (OR) was 8.75 (95% CI 4.86, 15.78) and the area under the curve was 0.80. A subgroup analysis showed that in Asia, the colorectal cancer sample size ⩾50 had higher specificity (specificity 0.85, 95% CI 0.80, 0.88). No publication bias existed. The GRADEpro showed a moderate level of the available evidence. Conclusions: Compared to other examinations, the fecal Fn test seems a good choice for detecting colorectal cancer. It also has better diagnostic performance in Asians. However, more clinical trials with large sample sizes and strict randomization are needed to further verify the evidence.

Download Full-text

Prognostic Value of N-terminal Probrain Natriuretic Peptide for Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2020/3472615 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Qi Ni ◽

Chaoqian Li ◽

Hua Lin

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽

Likelihood Ratio ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Distress Syndrome ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽

Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽

Diagnostic Odds Ratio ◽

Sensitivity Specificity

Objectives. The mortality rate of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is high. Hence, it is crucial to identify a reliable biomarker with wide clinical applications for predicting the prognosis of patients with ARDS. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the value of plasma N-terminal probrain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) for predicting mortality in patients with ARDS. Methods. An electronic search of databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure was conducted up to May 31, 2019, without language restrictions. The quality of the included studies was evaluated using QUADAS-2. Data were extracted and analyzed to obtain pooled estimates of sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, and diagnostic odds ratio. A forest graph was used to evaluate heterogeneity. Potential causes of heterogeneity were further explored by subgroup analysis based on the testing day, testing method, observation endpoint, or cut-off points. A summary receiver operating characteristic curve was drawn to obtain the pooled area under the curve. Results. A total of 7 studies involving 581 patients with ARDS were included. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, and diagnostic odds ratio were as follows: 0.79 (95% CI: 0.72–0.84), 0.79 (95% CI: 0.66–0.88), 3.68 (95% CI: 2.16–6.28), 0.27 (95% CI: 0.20–0.38), and 13.58 (95% CI: 6.17–29.90), respectively. The results of subgroup analysis showed that the testing day influenced the summary sensitivity and that the cut-off points influenced the summary sensitivity and specificity. Conclusion. Our results indicate that elevated plasma NT-proBNP levels have a moderate value for predicting the mortality of patients with ARDS.

Download Full-text

The Potential Diagnostic Accuracy of Circulating MicroRNAs for Leukemia: A Meta-Analysis

Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment ◽

10.1177/15330338211011958 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 ◽

pp. 153303382110119

Author(s):

Wen-Ting Zhang ◽

Guo-Xun Zhang ◽

Shuai-Shuai Gao

Keyword(s):

Diagnostic Accuracy ◽

Likelihood Ratio ◽

Subgroup Analysis ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Area Under The Curve ◽

Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽

Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽

Diagnostic Odds Ratio ◽

Circulating Micrornas ◽

Sensitivity Specificity

Background: Leukemia is a common malignant disease in the human blood system. Many researchers have proposed circulating microRNAs as biomarkers for the diagnosis of leukemia. We conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of circulating miRNAs in the diagnosis of leukemia. Methods: A comprehensive literature search (updated to October 13, 2020) in PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Wanfang database and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) was performed to identify eligible studies. The sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and area under the curve (AUC) for diagnosing leukemia were pooled for both overall and subgroup analysis. The meta-regression and subgroup analysis were performed to explore heterogeneity and Deeks’ funnel plot was used to assess publication bias. Results: 49 studies from 22 publications with a total of 3,489 leukemia patients and 2,756 healthy controls were included in this meta-analysis. The overall sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, diagnostic odds ratio and area under the curve were 0.83, 0.92, 10.8, 0.18, 59 and 0.94, respectively. Subgroup analysis shows that the microRNA clusters of plasma type could carry out a better diagnostic accuracy of leukemia patients. In addition, publication bias was not found. Conclusions: Circulating microRNAs can be used as a promising noninvasive biomarker in the early diagnosis of leukemia.

Download Full-text

Accuracy of multiparametric MRI in distinguishing the breast malignant lesions from benign lesions: a meta-analysis

Acta Radiologica ◽

10.1177/0284185120963900 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 028418512096390

Author(s):

Chun-Rong Zhu ◽

Ke-Yu Chen ◽

Pan Li ◽

Zhi-Yang Xia ◽

Bin Wang

Keyword(s):

Likelihood Ratio ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Area Under The Curve ◽

Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽

Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽

Diagnostic Odds Ratio ◽

Multiparametric Mri ◽

Benign Lesions ◽

Malignant Lesions ◽

Sensitivity Specificity

Background The sensitivity of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) for detecting breast cancer was high and the specificity was relatively low. However, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) has a high specificity in the diagnosis of malignant lesions. Purpose To evaluate the accuracy of the multiparametric MRI (mp-MRI) in distinguishing the breast malignant lesions from the benign lesions. Material and Methods A comprehensive search of the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library electronic databases was conducted up to March 2020. Data were analyzed for the following indexes: pooled sensitivity and specificity; positive likelihood ratio; negative likelihood ratio; diagnostic odds ratio; and the area under the curve. Results A total of 2356 patients with 1604 malignant and 967 benign breast lesions were included from 22 studies. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, diagnostic odds ratio, and area under the curve for mp-MRI were 0.93, 0.85, 6.3, 0.08, 81, and 0.96, respectively. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve for DCE-MRI alone were 0.95, 0.71, and 0.92, respectively. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve for DWI alone were 0.88, 0.84, and 0.93, respectively. Conclusion The mp-MRI did not improve the sensitivity but increased the specificity for the diagnosis of breast malignant lesions.

Download Full-text

Diagnostic Accuracy of Epithelial Membrane Antigen for Malignant Effusions: A Meta-Analysis

The International Journal of Biological Markers ◽

10.5301/jbm.5000181 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 31 (1) ◽

pp. 11-16 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Wentao Lin ◽

Xiaoxue Liu ◽

Ying Cen

Keyword(s):

Likelihood Ratio ◽

Sensitivity And Specificity ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Epithelial Membrane Antigen ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽

Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽

Diagnostic Odds Ratio ◽

Diagnostic Potential ◽

Malignant Effusions

Background and Objectives Body cavity fluid examination sometimes presents a diagnostic challenge in cytology practice. This meta-analysis was undertaken to comprehensively assess the diagnostic potential of epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) in malignant effusions. Materials and Methods All relevant original articles about EMA in the diagnosis of malignant effusions published up to July 1, 2014 were retrieved. The overall sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratio, diagnostic odds ratio, and summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve were pooled to evaluate the diagnostic value of EMA for malignant effusions using the Meta-Disc 1.4 and STATA 12.0 statistical software. Results Eleven studies met the inclusion criteria for the meta-analysis and the summary estimates for EMA in the diagnosis of malignant effusions were as follows: sensitivity 0.9 (95% CI 0.83-0.87), specificity 0.87 (95% CI 0.96-0.99), positive likelihood ratio 5.8 (95% CI 15.59-36.37), negative likelihood ratio 0.15 (95% CI 0.07-0.20) and diagnostic odds ratio 52.63 (95% CI 20.91-132.49). The SROC curve indicated that the maximum joint sensitivity and specificity (Q-value) was 0.88; the area under the curve was 0.94. Conclusion The present meta-analysis indicated that EMA may be a useful diagnostic tool with good sensitivity and specificity for differentiating malignant effusions from benign effusions.

Download Full-text

Reliability of circulating fibrinogen in the diagnosis of prosthesis-related infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research ◽

10.1186/s13018-020-02171-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Xingyang Zhu ◽

Haitao Zhang ◽

Xiaobo Sun ◽

Yijin Li ◽

Jiahao Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Likelihood Ratio ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Joint Infection ◽

Area Under The Curve ◽

Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽

Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽

Diagnostic Odds Ratio ◽

Small Sample ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Sensitivity Specificity

Abstract Background Fibrinogen (FIB) has recently been used as a biomarker to diagnose periprosthetic joint infection (PJI), but its reliability is still questionable. The aim of this study was to investigate the accuracy of FIB in the diagnosis of PJI after joint replacement. Methods We searched for literatures published in PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library from the time of database inception to September 2020 and screened the studies according to the inclusion criteria. Then, we calculated the diagnostic parameters of FIB, including the pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), area under the curve (AUC), and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR). In addition, we implemented subgroup analyses to identify the sources of heterogeneity. Results Seven studies including 1341 patients were selected in our meta-analysis. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, PLR, NLR, and DOR of FIB for PJI diagnosis were 0.78 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.73–0.82), 0.83 (95% CI, 0.81–0.86), 4.60 (95% CI, 3.30–6.42), 0.24 (95% CI, 0.18–0.34), and 20.13 (95% CI, 14.80–27.36), respectively, while the AUC was 0.896. Conclusion The present study indicated that FIB was a reliable detection method and might be introduced into the diagnostic criteria for PJI. However, more robust studies are still needed to confirm the current findings, because most of the included studies were retrospective and had small sample sizes.

Download Full-text

MicroRNAs as Biomarkers for the Diagnosis of Ankylosing Spondylitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Frontiers in Medicine ◽

10.3389/fmed.2021.701789 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Jiangbi Li ◽

Xiaoping Xie ◽

Weibing Liu ◽

Feng Gu ◽

Ke Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ankylosing Spondylitis ◽

Diagnostic Accuracy ◽

Likelihood Ratio ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Area Under The Curve ◽

Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽

Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽

Diagnostic Odds Ratio ◽

Good Diagnostic Accuracy ◽

Sensitivity Specificity

Background: Abnormal expression levels of microRNAs (miRNAs) were observed in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) in recent articles, suggesting that miRNAs may be used as biomarkers for AS diagnoses. In this paper, we conducted a meta-analysis to identify the overall diagnostic accuracy of miRNA biomarkers in AS patients.Methods: An extensive search was undertaken in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane databases, and Wan Fang database up to 30 December 2020 using the following key words: (“microRNAs” or “microRNA” or “miRNA” or “miR” or “RNA, Micro” or “Primary MicroRNA”) and (“Spondylitis Ankylosing” or “Spondyloarthritis Ankylopoietica” or “Ankylosing Spondylarthritis” or “Ankylosing Spondylarthritides” or “Spondylarthritides Ankylosing” or “Ankylosing Spondylitis”) and (“blood” or “serum” or “plasma”). Statistical evaluation of dysregulated miRNAs using the sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and the area under the curve (AUC).Results: Twenty-nine articles reporting on the miRNAs of AS were included. A total of 42 miRNAs were observed to be up-regulated and 45 miRNAs were down-regulated in the AS cases compared with the controls. Besides, 29 studies from nine articles were included in our meta-analysis. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, PLR, NLR, DOR, and AUC were 0. 76 (95% CI, 0.70–0.81), 0.80 (95% CI, 0.74–0.85), 3.75 (95% CI, 2.82–5.01), 0.30 (95% CI, 0.24–0.39), 12.32 (95% CI, 7.65–19.83), 0.85 (95% CI, 0.81–0.88), respectively, suggesting a good diagnostic accuracy of miRNAs for AS.Conclusions: Circulating miRNAs are deregulated in AS patients. miRNAs may be used as a relatively non-invasive biomarkers for the detection of AS.

Download Full-text

Diagnostic acuuracy of cerebrospinal fluid and serum-isolated exosomes for glioblastoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis

10.21203/rs.2.22976/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Davod Jafari ◽

Amir Tiyuri ◽

Elmnaz Rezaei ◽

Yousef Moradi ◽

Rasool Jafari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Early Detection ◽

Likelihood Ratio ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Area Under The Curve ◽

Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽

Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽

High Morbidity ◽

Qualitative Synthesis

Abstract Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most malignant glioma cancer with a high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Unfortunately, a routine method is not available for screening or preoperative early detection of GBM. However, early detection in a none-invasive or minimally invasive method could be beneficial and increase the survival rate. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we aimed to examine the diagnostic accuracy of exosomal RNAs that were extracted from patients’ CSF or serum for GBM diagnosis. We searched Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed (including Medline), Embase and ProQuest (as databases for grey literature) up to December 2019; we also performed backward and forward reference checking of included and relevant studies. Finally, included studies were assessed with QUADAS-2 checklist and their data extracted. We carried out a meta-analysis of included study, regarding to the diagnostic meta-analysis guidelines for obtaining pooled accuracy estimates. In addition, sensitivity analysis and meta-regression were also conducted. We retrived 1730 records from databases, nine of them included in systematic review and qualitative synthesis. Six studies were considered to statistical analysis and performed diagnostic meta-analysis. Our results suggested that the pooled sensitivity and specificity of exosomal biomarkers for GBM were 0.76 and 0.80, respectively. In addition, the pooled positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) were 3.7, 0.30 and 12, respectively. The overall area under the curve (AUC) of exosomal biomarkers for GBM diagnosis was found to be 0.85. According to our results, the value of 0.85 for AUC, suggesting that exosomal biomarkers might serve as a high potential and non-invasive diagnostic tool for GBM.

Download Full-text

Procalcitonin as a Serum Biomarker for Differentiation of Bacterial Meningitis From Viral Meningitis in Children

Clinical Pediatrics ◽

10.1177/0009922815606414 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 55 (8) ◽

pp. 749-764 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Brandon Michael Henry ◽

Joyeeta Roy ◽

Piravin Kumar Ramakrishnan ◽

Jens Vikse ◽

Krzysztof A. Tomaszewski ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Likelihood Ratio ◽

Pediatric Patients ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Area Under The Curve ◽

Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽

Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽

Diagnostic Odds Ratio ◽

Viral Meningitis ◽

Meningitis In Children ◽

Viral Etiologies

Several studies have explored the use of serum procalcitonin (PCT) in differentiating between bacterial and viral etiologies in children with suspected meningitis. We pooled these studies into a meta-analysis to determine the PCT diagnostic accuracy. All major databases were searched through March 2015. No date or language restrictions were applied. Eight studies (n = 616 pediatric patients) were included. Serum PCT assay was found to be very accurate for differentiating the etiology of pediatric meningitis with pooled sensitivity and specificity of 0.96 (95% CI = 0.92-0.98) and 0.89 (95% CI = 0.86-0.92), respectively. The pooled positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and area under the curve (AUC) for PCT were 7.5 (95% CI = 5.6-10.1), 0.08(95% CI = 0.04-0.14), 142.3 (95% CI = 59.5-340.4), and 0.97 (SE = 0.01), respectively. In 6 studies, PCT was found to be superior than CRP, whose DOR was only 16.7 (95%CI = 8.8-31.7). Our meta-analysis demonstrates that serum PCT assay is a highly accurate and powerful test for rapidly differentiating between bacterial and viral meningitis in children.

Download Full-text

Hepatic Subcapsular Flow as a Significant Diagnostic Marker for Biliary Atresia: A Meta-Analysis

Disease Markers ◽

10.1155/2020/5262565 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Chao Sun ◽

Bin Wu ◽

Jiang Pan ◽

Lulu Chen ◽

Wenxian Zhi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Biliary Atresia ◽

Likelihood Ratio ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Area Under The Curve ◽

Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽

Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽

Diagnostic Odds Ratio ◽

Diagnostic Value ◽

Sensitivity Specificity ◽

Larger Sample

Aim. Increasing evidence indicates that hepatic subcapsular flow (HSF) can serve as a noninvasive ultrasonographic marker for the early diagnosis of biliary atresia (BA). However, results regarding its diagnostic accuracy are inconsistent and inconclusive. We conducted this meta-analysis with an aim to systematically evaluate the diagnostic value of HSF in predicting BA. Methods. A comprehensive literature search of four databases was conducted to identify the eligible studies. All analyses were performed using STATA 12.0. Results. Nine studies from eight articles containing 368 patients and 469 controls were included in our meta-analysis. Briefly, the values for pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and area under the curve (AUC) were 0.95 (95% CI 0.88-0.98), 0.92 (95% CI 0.85-0.96), 11.6 (95% CI 6.3-21.5), 0.06 (95% CI 0.02-0.14), 201 (95% CI 59-689), and 0.98 (95% CI 0.96-0.99), respectively. Additionally, metaregression along with subgroup analysis based on various covariates revealed the potential sources of heterogeneity and the detailed diagnostic value in each subgroup. Conclusion. Our meta-analysis showed that HSF assay could provide high accuracy in predicting BA patients and non-BA individuals. However, further studies with better design and larger sample size are required to support the results of the present study.

Download Full-text

Diagnostic accuracy of interleukin-27 in tuberculous pleurisy: a systematic review and meta-analysis

QJM ◽

10.1093/qjmed/hcaa215 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Q Zhang ◽

Y Ma ◽

M Zhang ◽

Y Wang ◽

W Wu

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Likelihood Ratio ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Characteristic Curve ◽

Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽

Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽

Diagnostic Odds Ratio ◽

Diagnostic Value ◽

Interleukin 27 ◽

Tuberculous Pleurisy

Summary Objective This study aimed to conduct a systematic review of the diagnostic value of interleukin-27 (IL-27) for tuberculous pleurisy (TP). Methods Literature on IL-27 diagnosis of TP was retrieved and screened from six databases (four English databases and two Chinese databases). The pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, diagnostic odds ratio and summary receiver operating characteristic curve (SROC) were measured to assess accurately the comprehensive evaluation of IL-27 for TP. Results Eleven studies with a total of 1454 patients were identified in the analysis. The combined diagnostic value of IL-27 for TP was as follows: sensitivity of 0.95 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.93–0.97), specificity of 0.91 (95% CI: 0.89–0.92), positive likelihood ratio of 13.99 (95% CI: 7.01–27.93), negative likelihood ratio of 0.07 (95% CI: 0.05–0.10), diagnostic odds ratio of 275.20 (95% CI: 112.83–671.23) and area under the SROC of 0.9830. Conclusion IL-27 has an excellent diagnostic value for TP and could be used as a diagnostic biomarker for TP.

Download Full-text