The impact of social policy on changes in professional practice within learning disability services: different standards for children and adults? A two-part examination

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 289-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
David G. Race ◽  
Nigel A. Malin
Keyword(s):  
Learning Disability ◽  
Professional Practice ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Public Expenditure ◽  
Disability Services ◽  
Coalition Government ◽  
Scale Reduction ◽  
Adult Services ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Impact

This is the second of two articles examining links between policy developments and changes in professional practice within learning disability services in England. The first article focused on policy foundations over the last 30 years, and concluded that there was a developing gap in professional inputs between children’s and adult services. This article, written one year into the Coalition government, argues that its policies – especially the large-scale reduction in public expenditure, but also the decline in support for inclusion of children in mainstream education, the rapid growth of academies, and proposals for the reorganization of the NHS – have exacerbated the trends identified earlier. In addition, local authorities, though outwardly compliant, have variously interpreted their responsibilities under the personalization agenda, in particular in relation to individual budgets, and this has resulted in assessments of need being based on ‘service hours’ rather than service quality and staff qualifications.

scholarly journals The Impact of Training and Staff Attributions on Staff Practice in Learning Disability Services

2002 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen McKenzie ◽  
Kirstin Sharp ◽  
Donna Paxton ◽  
George C. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Learning Disability ◽  
Disability Services ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Staff Practice

scholarly journals Assessing large-scale digitization using Web analytics

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Lapworth
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Web Analytics ◽  
Digital Collections ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Item Level ◽  
Digital Collection ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this study is to assess the use of digital collections created via the large-scale digitization of archival collections. The large-scale digitization method specifically examined is the reuse of archival description from finding aids to create digital collections that consist mainly of compound digital objects, equivalent to a folder of items, minimally described at the aggregate level. This paper compares Web analytics data for two large-scale digital collections and one digital collection with rich, item-level description. Design/methodology/approach This study analyzed one year of Web analytics for three digital collections. The main research question of this study is: Are digital collections of minimally described compound objects used less than digital collections of richly described single objects? Findings This study found that the large-scale digital collections analyzed received less use than the traditional item-level collection, when examined at the item level. At the object level, the large-scale collections did not always receive less use than the traditional item-level collection. Research limitations/implications This study is limited to three different digital collections from one institution. Web analytics also represent a limited interpretation of “use.” Practical implications This study presents a method for other institutions to assess their own large-scale digitization efforts and contributes to the profession’s understanding of the impact of large-scale digitization. Originality/value This paper is unique because it uses Web analytics to compare the use of large-scale digital collections to the use of traditional boutique digital collections.

scholarly journals Ocean biogeochemistry exhibits contrasting responses to a large scale reduction in dust deposition

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 2525-2557
Author(s):  
A. Tagliabue ◽  
L. Bopp ◽  
O. Aumont
Keyword(s):  
N2 Fixation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Net Primary Productivity ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Co2 Exchange ◽  
Lower Sensitivity ◽  
Dust Deposition ◽  
Scale Reduction ◽  
Ocean Biogeochemistry ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Dust deposition of iron is thought to be an important control on ocean biogeochemistry and air-sea CO2 exchange. In this study, we examine the impact of a large scale, yet climatically realistic, reduction in the aeolian Fe input during a 240 year transient simulation. In contrast to previous studies, we find that the ocean biogeochemical cycles of carbon and nitrogen are relatively insensitive to a 60% reduction in Fe input from dust. Net primary productivity (NPP) is reduced in the Fe limited regions, but the excess macronutrients that result are able to fuel additional NPP elsewhere. Overall, NPP and air-sea CO2 exchange are only reduced by around 3% between 1860 and 2100. While the nitrogen cycle is perturbed more significantly (by ~15%), reduced N2 fixation is balanced by a concomitant decline in denitrification. Feedbacks between N2 fixation and denitrification are controlled by variability in surface utilization of inorganic nitrogen and subsurface oxygen consumption, as well as the direct influence of Fe on N2 fixation. Overall, there is relatively little impact of reduced aeolian Fe input (<4%) on cumulative CO2 fluxes over 240 years. The lower sensitivity of our model to changes in dust input is primarily due to the more detailed representation of the continental shelf Fe, which was absent in previous models.

Social climate in Learning Disability services

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Willets ◽  
Paul Mooney ◽  
Nicholas Blagden
Keyword(s):  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
Learning Disability ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitals ◽  
Learning Disabled ◽  
Social Climate ◽  
Disability Services ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – The social climate of psychiatric institutions correlates with multiple outcomes related to staff and patients. Research into social climate in Learning Disability services is limited. Staff and patients in Learning Disability services have documented both positive and negative experiences. No research has directly compared the social climate of Learning Disability and non-Learning Disability psychiatric services. The purpose of this paper is to understand how these compare. The study will also compare staff and patient views of social climate and the impact of security on social climate in Learning Disability services. Design/methodology/approach – A total of 64 patients and 73 staff, from Learning Disability and non-Learning Disability psychiatric hospitals completed the Essen Climate Evaluation Schema (EssenCES) measure of social climate. Findings – Patients in Learning Disability and non-Learning Disability services did not differ in their perceptions of social climate. Staff in non-Learning Disability services had a more positive perception of social climate than staff in Learning Disability services. Patients and staff did not differ in their views on climate. Security was negatively related to patients’ Experienced Safety. Originality/value – The findings suggest that staff perceive that the deficits associated with Learning Disabilities may limit patients’ therapeutic experience and relationships with their peers. Despite this, patients with Learning Disabilities feel supported by their peers, have positive views of the treatment process and feel as safe as non-Learning Disabled psychiatric patients.

scholarly journals Spatial and Temporal Patterns in Macroherbivore Grazing in a Multi-Species Tropical Seagrass Meadow of the Great Barrier Reef

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Abigail L. Scott ◽  
Paul H. York ◽  
Michael A. Rasheed
Keyword(s):  
Great Barrier Reef ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Barrier Reef ◽  
Important Process ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Patterns ◽  
Video Cameras ◽  
Seagrass Meadows ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Green Island

Macroherbivory is an important process in seagrass meadows worldwide; however, the impact of macroherbivores on seagrasses in the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) has received little attention. We used exclusion cages and seagrass tethering assays to understand how the intensity of macroherbivory varies over space and time in the seagrass meadows around Green Island (Queensland), and what impact this has on overall meadow structure. Rates of macroherbivory were comparatively low, between 0.25–44% of daily seagrass productivity; however, rates were highly variable over a one-year period, and among sites. Loss of seagrass material to macroherbivory was predominantly due to fish; however, urchin herbivory was also taking place. Macroherbivory rates were of insufficient intensity to impact overall meadow structure. No macroherbivory events were identified on video cameras that filmed in the day, indicating that feeding may be occurring infrequently in large shoals, or at night. While relatively low compared to some meadows, seagrass macroherbivory was still an important process at this site. We suggest that in this highly protected area of the GBR, where the ecosystem and food webs remain largely intact, macroherbivory was maintained at a low level and was unlikely to cause the large-scale meadow structuring influence that can be seen in more modified seagrass systems.

scholarly journals EXPENDITURE FLUCTUATION AND CONSUMPTION LOSS: RURAL SPATIAL POVERTY IN CHINA

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Xiang Luo ◽  
Jingjing Qin ◽  
Qing Wan
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Public Expenditure ◽  
Rural Poverty ◽  
Space Environment ◽  
Transfer Payment ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Local Finance ◽  
Spatial Environment ◽  
The Impact

Poverty is a challenge faced by all countries worldwide. This paper focuses on a factor that has been less well documented: the consumption loss of farmer households caused by the fluctuation of rural public expenditure. Based on large-scale micro household data and climate data, the instrumental variable estimation results show that every 1% fluctuation of rural public expenditure will lead to a 0.113% decrease in farm household consumption. In addition, the fluctuation of rural public expenditure is also a main cause of long-term consumption loss of farmer households. Furthermore, it was found that the impact of rural public expenditure fluctuation on consumption loss is of certain spatial heterogeneity. The worse the spatial environment is, the more serious the consumption loss will be. The policy suggestion of this paper is to ensure a stable scale of rural public expenditure through the central transfer payment, so as to improve the ability of local governments to implement counter cyclical public policies, and transform local finance (industrial investment) into public finance (infrastructure and education) to improve the local space environment. Overall, this study reveals the impact of spatial externality on rural poverty from the perspective of public expenditure fluctuation, and at the same time provides empirical evidence for a better evaluation of the relationship between development and poverty and support for rational regional anti-poverty policies.

Impact of training course in behavioural therapy on psychiatric nurses

1991 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-42
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A. Dunne ◽  
Aine Melinn ◽  
Tony Humphreys ◽  
Ethel Quayle
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Professional Practice ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Psychiatric Nurses ◽  
Professional Relationships ◽  
Training Course ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Impact

AbstractA group of psychiatric nurses (N = 15) rated the impact of participation in a one year post-experience training course in behavioural psychotherapy on their personal/family life; professional practice; and professional relationships. Levels of stress associated with different phases of the course were also monitored.Results indicated that the main stresses were associated with re-adjustment of family life over the period of the course and ensuring stability of training placements at the outset of the course. The course fulfilled participants' expectations with regard to improving their clinical practice, and confirmed their view that relationships with psychiatrist colleagues would be unaffected by their participation on the course. Impact on relationships with nurse colleagues was more positive than had been anticipated during the period of the course.

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