Null effect of scratches made by curling rocks

2019 ◽  
Vol 233 (3) ◽  
pp. 370-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark RA Shegelski ◽  
Edward Lozowski
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Simple Experiment ◽  
Lateral Deflection ◽  
Appreciable Difference ◽  
Null Effect ◽  
Ice Conditions ◽  
Lateral Deflections

There is disagreement in the literature as to whether scratches made by curling rocks affect the motion of subsequent curling rocks. The aim of this investigation is to provide unequivocal experimental evidence to resolve this disagreement. Such evidence has been obtained by comparing the curl distances (total lateral deflections) of rocks sliding over ice with no scratches to curl distances of rocks sliding over ice completely covered with scratches made by previous curling rocks. The result of this simple experiment is that there is no appreciable difference in the curl distances between the two ice conditions. The conclusion is that the scratches made by curling rocks do not affect the motion of other curling rocks and that the lateral deflection of curling rocks cannot solely be due to scratches made by curling rocks.

Review of Techniques for Predicting the Fundamental Period of Multi-Storey Buildings: Effects of Nonstructural Components

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (02) ◽  
pp. 1450039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massoud Sofi ◽  
Graham Leighton Hutchinson ◽  
Colin Duffield
Keyword(s):  
Tall Buildings ◽  
Lateral Load ◽  
Wind Load ◽  
Lateral Stiffness ◽  
Limit States ◽  
Nonstructural Components ◽  
Lateral Deflection ◽  
Moderate Seismicity ◽  
Drift Limit ◽  
Lateral Deflections

The design of lateral load resisting elements of tall buildings in regions of low to moderate seismicity is normally governed by the requirements to meet inter-storey drift limit under wind load. The key objective of the design of tall buildings is to provide adequate lateral stiffness to the buildings to limit their lateral deflections and inter-storey drifts under the lateral load. The current design practice assumes that only the structural skeleton provides lateral resistance against wind load. Although the effects of nonstructural elements on the lateral stiffness are widely acknowledged, the effects are often ignored in the analysis of the buildings. This paper presents a state-of-the-art of review on the effects of nonstructural elements on the lateral deflections and inter-storey drifts of buildings at serviceability limit states. It was found that ignoring the nonstructural elements could significantly underestimate the lateral deflection for certain types of buildings. However, the shape and form of the lateral deflection in the overall building is not significantly affected by the nonstructural elements.

scholarly journals Quantum Mechanical 4-dimensional Non-polarizing Beamsplitter

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artem Kryvobok ◽  
Alan Kathman
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Computing ◽  
Scalar Field ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Vector Fields ◽  
Matrix Representation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Quantum Mechanical ◽  
Simple Experiment ◽  
Canonical Commutation Relations ◽  
Classical Fields

Abstract The effects of a beamsplitter are frequently described mathematically as a matrix acting on a two input ports vector. This might be comprehensive for a scalar field but certainly insufficient in case of photons which are vector fields. In this paper we discuss theoretical grounds to define elements of a 4x4 matrix to more accurately represent the beamsplitter, fully accounting for transverse polarization modes. We also provide experimental evidence confirming this matrix representation. From scientific point of view the paper addresses a non-trivial equivalence between the classical fields Fresnel formalism and the canonical commutation relations of the quantized photonic fields. That the formalism can be readily verified with a simple experiment provides further benefit. The beamsplitter expression derived can be applied in the field of quantum computing.

scholarly journals Does Self-Compacting Concrete Exert more Pressure on Formworks than Normal Vibrated Flowing Concrete?

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 11-17
Author(s):  
Yousif Hummida Ahmed ◽  
Osama Ibrahim ◽  
Alaa Elbadawi ◽  
Firouz Abdalgadir ◽  
Osman Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Chloride ◽  
Lateral Pressure ◽  
Lateral Movement ◽  
Self Compacting Concrete ◽  
Lateral Deflection ◽  
Filling Materials ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
Cylindrical Mold ◽  
Lateral Deflections

This paper investigates lateral pressure on formwork indirectly by measuring lateral deflection using an innovative device. This device is fabricated from Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) cylindrical mold in a fashion allowing occurrence and measurement of lateral movement at different depths using dial gauges. The lateral deflections for different systems of filling materials including water, sand, self-compacting concrete (SCC), and flowing concrete. The flowing concrete is tested under two conditions, vibrated (NVC), and non-vibrated (NCno.V). The results show that the NVC produced the largest lateral deflection which attributed to the vibration pressure. The measured lateral deflection are ranked descending in the following order: NVC, Water, SCC, NCno.V and Sand.  

How do memory modules differentially contribute to familiarity and recollection?

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olya Hakobyan ◽  
Sen Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Target Article ◽  
Memory Modules ◽  
Familiarity And Recollection ◽  
Memory Contents

Abstract We fully support dissociating the subjective experience from the memory contents in recognition memory, as Bastin et al. posit in the target article. However, having two generic memory modules with qualitatively different functions is not mandatory and is in fact inconsistent with experimental evidence. We propose that quantitative differences in the properties of the memory modules can account for the apparent dissociation of recollection and familiarity along anatomical lines.

Redox Reactions in Lipid Membranes as a Model for Primordial Energy-Conserving Systems

1997 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 437-442
Author(s):  
Salvatore Di Bernardo ◽  
Romana Fato ◽  
Giorgio Lenaz
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Lipid Membranes ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Redox Reactions ◽  
Living Systems ◽  
Asymmetric Distribution ◽  
Conservation Of Energy ◽  
Asymmetrical Distribution ◽  
Energy Conserving ◽  
Living Organisms

AbstractOne of the peculiar aspects of living systems is the production and conservation of energy. This aspect is provided by specialized organelles, such as the mitochondria and chloroplasts, in developed living organisms. In primordial systems lacking specialized enzymatic complexes the energy supply was probably bound to the generation and maintenance of an asymmetric distribution of charged molecules in compartmentalized systems. On the basis of experimental evidence, we suggest that lipophilic quinones were involved in the generation of this asymmetrical distribution of charges through vectorial redox reactions across lipid membranes.

A Method for Setting the Clearance Angle

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 388-389
Author(s):  
Michael T. Bucek ◽  
Howard J. Arnott
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Light Source ◽  
Black Spot ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Clearance Angle ◽  
Crude Approximation ◽  
Ultrathin Sections

It is believed by the authors, with supporting experimental evidence, that as little as 0.5°, or less, knife clearance angle may be a critical factor in obtaining optimum quality ultrathin sections. The degree increments located on the knife holder provides the investigator with only a crude approximation of the angle at which the holder is set. With the increments displayed on the holder one cannot set the clearance angle precisely and reproducibly. The ability to routinely set this angle precisely and without difficulty would obviously be of great assistance to the operator. A device has been contrived to aid the investigator in precisely setting the clearance angle. This device is relatively simple and is easily constructed. It consists of a light source and an optically flat, front surfaced mirror with a minute black spot in the center. The mirror is affixed to the knife by placing it permanently on top of the knife holder.

Introductory Remarks

1980 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 598-599
Author(s):  
H. Mohri
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Contraction ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Constant Length ◽  
Thin Filaments ◽  
Bridge Formation ◽  
Thick Filaments ◽  
Sliding Mechanism ◽  
Radial Spokes ◽  
Cilia And Flagella

In 1959, Afzelius observed the presence of two rows of arms projecting from each outer doublet microtubule of the so-called 9 + 2 pattern of cilia and flagella, and suggested a possibility that the outer doublet microtubules slide with respect to each other with the aid of these arms during ciliary and flagellar movement. The identification of the arms as an ATPase, dynein, by Gibbons (1963)strengthened this hypothesis, since the ATPase-bearing heads of myosin molecules projecting from the thick filaments pull the thin filaments by cross-bridge formation during muscle contraction. The first experimental evidence for the sliding mechanism in cilia and flagella was obtained by examining the tip patterns of molluscan gill cilia by Satir (1965) who observed constant length of the microtubules during ciliary bending. Further evidence for the sliding-tubule mechanism was given by Summers and Gibbons (1971), using trypsin-treated axonemal fragments of sea urchin spermatozoa. Upon the addition of ATP, the outer doublets telescoped out from these fragments and the total length reached up to seven or more times that of the original fragment. Thus, the arms on a certain doublet microtubule can walk along the adjacent doublet when the doublet microtubules are disconnected by digestion of the interdoublet links which connect them with each other, or the radial spokes which connect them with the central pair-central sheath complex as illustrated in Fig. 1. On the basis of these pioneer works, the sliding-tubule mechanism has been established as one of the basic mechanisms for ciliary and flagellar movement.

Hearing Aid Gain Usage by Children

1989 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth W. Berger
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Appreciable Difference ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Clinically Significant

Hearing aid gain usage by two groups of children was examined. No appreciable difference was noted between the groups, nor was there a clinically significant difference between gain usage by these children as compared with a sample of adult hearing aid wearers.

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