How Do Multiracial and Monoracial People Categorize Multiracial Faces?

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 688-696
Author(s):  
Maria Iankilevitch ◽  
Lindsey A. Cary ◽  
Jessica D. Remedios ◽  
Alison L. Chasteen
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Mixed Race ◽  
Choice Response ◽  
Racial Groups ◽  
Response Format ◽  
Racial Categorization ◽  
Response Formats ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Multiracial Faces

Due to their awareness of multiraciality and their perceptions of race categories as fluid, multiracial individuals may be unique in how they racially categorize multiracial faces. Yet race categorization research has largely overlooked how multiracial individuals categorize other mixed-race people. We therefore asked Asian, White, and multiracial individuals to categorize Asian-White faces using an open-ended response format, which more closely mirrors real-world race categorizations than forced-choice response formats. Our results showed that perceivers from all three racial groups tended to categorize Asian-White faces as monoracial Asian, White, or Hispanic. However, multiracial perceivers categorized the Asian-White faces as multiracial more often than monoracial perceivers did. Our findings suggest that multiracial individuals may approach racial categorization differently from either monoracial majority or minority group members. Furthermore, our results illustrate possible difficulties multiracial people may face when trying to identify other multiracial in-group members.

The Cultural Red Queen and the Cultural Red King

2019 ◽  
pp. 133-162
Author(s):  
Cailin O'Connor
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Biological Species ◽  
Cultural Groups ◽  
Red Queen ◽  
Majority Group ◽  
Resulting Effect ◽  
Group Members

When cultural groups evolve, or adapt, at different rates, or more generally show asymmetric levels of reactivity towards each other, we can observe a cultural Red King effect. This occurs when a minority group ends up disadvantaged simply by virtue of their size. When a minority group interacts with a majority group, minority types meet out-group members much more often than majority types do by dint of the size differences between the groups. As a result the minority group will learn to interact with the majority more quickly, often leading to a bargaining disadvantage. As this chapter shows, the resulting effect is analogous to one that can occur between coevolving biological species. The chapter explores this effect and where it might matter to real-world bargaining. In addition, the chapter looks at the possibility of a cultural Red King in intersectional populations.

An Experiment in Second Person Writing: Notes on a Partial Jewish Identity

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-189
Author(s):  
Kurt Borchard
Keyword(s):  
Minority Group ◽  
Belief System ◽  
Jewish People ◽  
Mixed Race ◽  
Biological Traits ◽  
Second Person ◽  
System A ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Prejudice And Discrimination ◽  
Unique Status

Jewish people are a unique minority group identified through a religious belief system, a culture, and supposed biological traits. I describe myself here as a partial Jew, indicating my unique status parallels the identities of mixed race individuals who feel some other minority group members see them as like themselves but marginally or partially so, at times creating a double marginalization. Through my marginal identity, I encounter prejudice and discrimination from non-Jews and Jews alike. Taking cues from Claudia Rankine, I write examples of everyday identification, prejudice, and discrimination in the second person, in a style unique to sociology. I note my silences, responses, and thoughts about those encounters. I consider whether these everyday encounters constitute microaggressions, and what, then, I am, and you are, left with.

Seeing Similarity or Distance?

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leigh Wilton ◽  
Diana T. Sanchez ◽  
Lisa Giamo
Keyword(s):  
Social Distance ◽  
Mixed Race ◽  
Racial Groups ◽  
Perceived Similarity ◽  
The Social ◽  
Intergroup Perception ◽  
Intergroup Perceptions ◽  
Racially Ambiguous ◽  
Ambiguous Faces

Biracial individuals threaten the distinctiveness of racial groups because they have mixed-race ancestry, but recent findings suggest that exposure to biracial-labeled, racially ambiguous faces may positively influence intergroup perception by reducing essentialist thinking among Whites ( Young, Sanchez, & Wilton, 2013 ). However, biracial exposure may not lead to positive intergroup perceptions for Whites who are highly racially identified and thus motivated to preserve the social distance between racial groups. We exposed Whites to racially ambiguous Asian/White biracial faces and measured the perceived similarity between Asians and Whites. We found that exposure to racially ambiguous, biracial-labeled targets may improve perceptions of intergroup similarity, but only for Whites who are less racially identified. Results are discussed in terms of motivated intergroup perception.

From residence to movement: The nature of racial segregation in everyday urban mobility

Urban Studies ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 004209802097896
Author(s):  
Jennifer Candipan ◽  
Nolan Edward Phillips ◽  
Robert J Sampson ◽  
Mario Small
Keyword(s):  
Distinct Element ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Racial Segregation ◽  
Racial Groups ◽  
Urban Mobility ◽  
Racial Conflict ◽  
Twitter Users ◽  
Black Populations ◽  
And Shifts ◽  
Us Cities

While research on racial segregation in cities has grown rapidly over the last several decades, its foundation remains the analysis of the neighbourhoods where people reside. However, contact between racial groups depends not merely on where people live, but also on where they travel over the course of everyday activities. To capture this reality, we propose a new measure of racial segregation – the segregated mobility index (SMI) – that captures the extent to which neighbourhoods of given racial compositions are connected to other types of neighbourhoods in equal measure. Based on hundreds of millions of geotagged tweets sent by over 375,000 Twitter users in the 50 largest US cities, we show that the SMI captures a distinct element of racial segregation, one that is related to, but not solely a function of, residential segregation. A city’s racial composition also matters; minority group threat, especially in cities with large Black populations and a troubled legacy of racial conflict, appears to depress movement across neighbourhoods in ways that produce previously undocumented forms of racial segregation. Our index, which could be constructed using other data sources, expands the possibilities for studying dynamic forms of racial segregation including their effects and shifts over time.

Effect of Response Format and Product Involvement on Questionnaire Reliability

1983 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 407-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard H. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Response Format ◽  
Product Involvement ◽  
Response Formats ◽  
Inverse Pattern

This study examined the effect of response format and product involvement on reliability. According to the results, reliability varied over the four response formats and product-involvement levels. An inverse pattern existed between product involvement and reliability.

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