Abstract
Background: Anisodus tanguticus (Maxim.) Pascher, which is an important species used in traditional Tibetan medicine, is grown in the Qinghai -Tibet Plateau. Because the quality of A. tanguticus varies depending on where it is grown, a method for determining the geographical origin of this species is needed.Methods: A quantitative analysis of 18 elements (Al, Ba, Be, Ca, Co, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, P, Sr, V, and Zn) in A. tanguticus and the soil collected from different locations was conducted using an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer. The elemental contents underwent a principal component analysis (PCA), and an orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). Furthermore, elemental accumulation and elemental transfer coefficients were calculated according to the element concentration gradients.Results: Distinct element fingerprints were detected for the A. tanguticus collected from different regions. Additionally, the PCA and OPLS-DA results indicated A. tanguticus plants can be distinguished on the basis of their geographical origin. The Tibet samples were easily separated from the other samples. Elemental accumulation and transfer patterns differed significantly among the analyzed elements and plant parts. Ca and P were identified as the elements with the highest in elemental accumulation and elemental transfer patterns of A. tanguticus. Conclusions: Our approach can be used to efficiently and accurately distinguish herbs according to their varietal characteristics and geographical origins.