scholarly journals The US hospital standardised mortality ratio: Retrospective database study of Massachusetts hospitals

JRSM Open ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 205427041455908 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roxana Alexandrescu ◽  
Alex Bottle ◽  
Min Hua Jen ◽  
Brian Jarman ◽  
Paul Aylin
Keyword(s):  
Standardised Mortality Ratio ◽  
Database Study ◽  
The Us ◽  
Mortality Ratio ◽  
Retrospective Database

scholarly journals 1381. Rotavirus Gastroenteritis among older adults: discussion based on a systematic literature review

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S700-S701
Author(s):  
Cristina Carias ◽  
Susanne Hartwig ◽  
M Nabi Kanibir ◽  
Ya-Ting Chen
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
Rate Ratio ◽  
Rotavirus Gastroenteritis ◽  
Incident Rate Ratio ◽  
The Us ◽  
Incident Rate ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Retrospective Database

Abstract Background While the burden of Rotavirus Gastroenteritis (RGE) is well recognized in young children, it is less so in older adults. However, older adults are also at high-risk of Acute Gastroenteritis (AGE) severe outcomes. In this review, we thus aimed to comprehensively assess RGE burden and vaccination impact in older individuals. Methods We performed a systematic literature review with PubMed and Scopus, from 2000 to 2019, using MESH and free-range terms. We included only studies that reported the incidence, and/or RV vaccination impact, in adults aged 60 and above and using regional specific data-sources. Results We analyzed 11 manuscripts for individuals aged 60 and above (Figure 1). Studies spanned Australia, Sweden, Netherlands, Canada (2), Germany (2), UK (2), and the US (2). Yearly inpatient RV incidence varied between 1.6 per 100,000 in Australia for those 65+ (retrospective database analyses, pre-vaccine); and 26 per 100,000 for those 85+ in Canada (modeling estimates for 2006-10, pre-vaccine). The incidence rate ratio for inpatient RGE between the post and pre-vaccine periods for those 65+ was 0.57 [95% CI: 0.10 – 3.15] in Canada, but 2.24 [95%CI: 1.78-2.83] in Australia, which may be due to increased testing for RV in the elderly post-vaccine. Reductions in the post-vaccination burden of RV and AGE among 60+ were reported in the UK (2 studies), and the US (2 studies) via retrospective database analyses In the UK, post-vaccine reductions in AGE health care-utilization were reported in the Emergency Department (21%), and outpatient centers (walk-in centers: 47%; general practice consultations: 36%). Retrospective database analyses documenting the incident rate ratio (IRR) of Rotavirus Gastroenteritis (RGE) and Acute Gastroenteritis (AGE) in older adults between the pre and post-vaccine period. Retrospective database analyses documenting the incident rate ratio (IRR) of Rotavirus Gastroenteritis (RGE) and Acute Gastroenteritis (AGE) in older adults between the pre and post-vaccine period. Conclusion While the burden of RGE mainly falls on young children, it also affects older adults. Retrospective database analyses reveal that, likely due to indirect vaccination benefits, increases in RV vaccination coverage have had an impact on lowering RGE, and AGE cases and healthcare utilization in older adults, a group at high-risk of severe outcomes for AGE. Disclosures Cristina Carias, PhD, Merck (Employee, Shareholder) Susanne Hartwig, n/a, MSD Vaccins (Employee) M.Nabi Kanibir, MD, Merck/MSD (Employee, Shareholder) Ya-Ting Chen, PhD, Merck & Co., Inc. (Employee, Shareholder)

Mortality of Public Mental Health Patients: A Singapore Experience

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lionel Chee-Chong Lim ◽  
Li-Ping Sim ◽  
Peak-Chiang Chiam
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
General Population ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Public Mental Health ◽  
Younger Patients ◽  
Standardised Mortality Ratio ◽  
Common Diagnosis ◽  
Mental Health Patients ◽  
Mortality Ratio ◽  
Age And Sex

This study reports the Standardised Mortality Ratio (SMR) by age and sex among public mental health patients in Singapore. The authors also examine the differences between those who were classified as “inpatient deaths” and those who were classified as “outpatient deaths”. Mortality was 5.1 times that of the general population and the SMR was most accentuated in the younger, female patients. Of the 217 deaths documented over two years, schizophrenia was the most common diagnosis. Inpatient deaths (N = 120) occurred in older patients with prior physical illness who died of natural causes. In contrast, outpatient deaths (N = 97) involved younger patients with no previous illness and the majority jumped to their deaths. Mortality studies are necessary in monitoring the efficacy of mental health provisions.

scholarly journals Opioid prescribing trends and geographical variation in England, 1998–2018: a retrospective database study

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen J Curtis ◽  
Richard Croker ◽  
Alex J Walker ◽  
Georgia C Richards ◽  
Jane Quinlan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Variation ◽  
Database Study ◽  
Opioid Prescribing ◽  
Prescribing Trends ◽  
Retrospective Database

scholarly journals Epidemiology of mechanically ventilated patients treated in ICU and non-ICU settings in Japan: a retrospective database study

Critical Care ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiaki Iwashita ◽  
Kazuto Yamashita ◽  
Hiroshi Ikai ◽  
Masamitsu Sanui ◽  
Hiroshi Imai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanically Ventilated ◽  
Mechanically Ventilated Patients ◽  
Database Study ◽  
Retrospective Database ◽  
Ventilated Patients

scholarly journals Utilização da modelagem inteiramente bayesiana na detecção de padrões de variação de risco relativo de mortalidade infantil no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 1501-1510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sérgio Kakuta Kato ◽  
Diego de Matos Vieira ◽  
Jandyra Maria Guimarães Fachel
Keyword(s):  
Deviance Information Criterion ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Information Criterion ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Standardised Mortality Ratio ◽  
Mortality Ratio

Neste artigo são analisados os fatores possivelmente associados à mortalidade infantil nos 496 municípios do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, com base em dados acumuladas entre os anos de 2001 a 2004, obtidos pela análise de regressão utilizando modelagem inteiramente bayesiana como alternativa para superar a autocorrelação espacial e a instabilidade dos estimadores clássicos, como a taxa bruta e a SMR (Standardised Mortality Ratio). Foram comparadas diferentes especificações de componente espacial e covariáveis, provenientes dos blocos do Índice de Desenvolvimento Sócio-econômico da Fundação de Economia e Estatística (IDESE/FEE-2003). Verificou-se que o modelo que utiliza a estrutura espacial além da covariável educação apresenta melhor desempenho, quando comparado pelo critério DIC (Deviance Information Criterion). Comparando as estimativas das SMR com os riscos relativos obtidos pela modelagem inteiramente bayesiana, foi possível observar um ganho substancial na interpretação e na detecção de padrões de variação do risco de mortalidade infantil nos municípios do Rio Grande do Sul ao utilizar essa modelagem. A região da Serra Gaúcha destacou-se com baixo risco relativo e estimativas muito homogêneas.

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