scholarly journals Sciatic neuropathy in an acromegalic cat without concurrent diabetes mellitus

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 205511692090693
Author(s):  
Andrea Corsini ◽  
Ezio Bianchi ◽  
Antonella Volta ◽  
Mattia Bonazzi
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Normal Serum ◽  
Foraminal Stenosis ◽  
Inspiratory Stridor ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Electrodiagnostic Testing ◽  
Sciatic Neuropathy ◽  
Total Body

Case summary A 17-year-old neutered male European Shorthair cat was presented owing to an inability to jump and respiratory stridor. The owner did not report any other clinical signs. On physical examination, the main findings were plantigrade stance, broad facial features and inspiratory stridor. Neurological examination revealed posterior paraparesis, hypotonia and right hindlimb muscle atrophy. Laboratory findings were unremarkable and glycaemia was normal. Serum insulin-like growth factor 1 concentration was elevated (>1000 ng/ml). A total body CT scan showed an enlarged pituitary gland, thickening of the nasal turbinates and an L7–S1 right foraminal stenosis. Electrodiagnostic testing confirmed the presence of a neuropathy affecting both sciatic nerves. The cat was treated with gabapentin only and was still alive and euglycaemic 16 months after the diagnosis. Relevance and novel information This case describes for the first time sciatic neuropathy, an occasional complication of acromegaly in people, as a possible clinical presentation in acromegalic cats without concurrent diabetes mellitus.

Hypoglycemic episodes in cats with diabetes mellitus: 30 cases (2013–2015)

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 563-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kayla A Viebrock ◽  
Jeff Dennis
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Clinical Improvement ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Patient Records ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Hypoglycemic Episode ◽  
Emergency Center ◽  
Insulin Requirements ◽  
Time Of Presentation ◽  
Subsequent Patient

Objectives The purpose of this study was to review the characteristics of diabetic cats presenting to a specialty and emergency center for signs attributed to hypoglycemia and to identify the factors that may have contributed to the hypoglycemic episode, the patient’s clinical signs and laboratory findings, and the response of hypoglycemic cats to therapy. Methods Twenty-eight cats were presented a total of 30 times for symptomatic hypoglycemia. Data were collected from cat owners at the time of presentation and from subsequent patient records. Results The majority of cats presented for neurologic signs attributed to the reduced ingestion or subsequent vomiting of a meal after insulin had been administered or the accidental double-dosing of insulin. Concurrent illnesses that may have affected insulin requirements were also common. Conclusions and relevance Cats that demonstrated clinical improvement within 12 h of treatment were more likely to recover despite their mental status and glucose level on presentation.

scholarly journals Diabetes mellitus remission in a cat with hyperadrenocorticism after cabergoline treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 205511692110298
Author(s):  
Diego D Miceli ◽  
Gabriela S Zelarayán ◽  
Jorge D García ◽  
Viviana Fernández ◽  
Sergio Ferraris
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Urine Analysis ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Abdominal Distension ◽  
Normal Serum ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasonography ◽  
Serum Fructosamine ◽  
Suppression Test ◽  
Normal Urine ◽  
Dexamethasone Suppression

Case summary A 7-year-old spayed female domestic shorthair cat weighing 5 kg was referred with polyuria, polydipsia, lethargy, abdominal distension and dermatologic abnormalities. Diabetes mellitus was diagnosed and treatment was started with a diet for diabetic cats and insulin glargine (1 IU q12h SC). Hyperadrenocorticism (HAC) was suspected and diagnosed based on clinical signs, increased urinary cortisol:creatinine ratio, lack of suppression on low-dose dexamethasone suppression test and abdominal ultrasonography demonstrating bilateral adrenal enlargement. Oral cabergoline (10 μg/kg every other day) was initiated. After the second administration of cabergoline, the cat suffered from clinical hypoglycemia and no longer required insulin. One month after insulin withdrawal, blood work and urine analysis results showed normoglycemia, a normal serum fructosamine concentration (244 μmol/l) and normal urine analysis without glycosuria. Diabetic remission persisted until its death 7 months later. In addition, cabergoline treatment was associated with improvement in clinical signs such as lethargy, seborrhea, alopecia and abdominal distension. Relevance and novel information To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of the use of cabergoline in a cat with HAC, as well as the first reported case of diabetic remission in a cat with HAC after cabergoline treatment. Cabergoline could be an alternative treatment for diabetic cats with pituitary-dependent HAC. Further work should focus on different protocols with greater number of cases.

scholarly journals Intravenous Vipera berus Venom-Specific Fab Fragments and Intramuscular Vipera ammodytes Venom-Specific F(ab’)2 Fragments in Vipera ammodytes-Envenomed Patients

Toxins ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 279
Author(s):  
Tihana Kurtović ◽  
Svjetlana Karabuva ◽  
Damjan Grenc ◽  
Mojca Dobaja Borak ◽  
Igor Križaj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Concentration ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Vipera Berus ◽  
Fab Fragments ◽  
Elimination Half ◽  
Apparent Total Body Clearance ◽  
Total Body ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Vipera Ammodytes

Vipera ammodytes (V. ammodytes) is the most venomous European viper. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical efficacy and pharmacokinetic values of intravenous Vipera berus venom-specific (paraspecific) Fab fragments (ViperaTAb) and intramuscular V. ammodytes venom-specific F(ab’)2 fragments (European viper venom antiserum, also called “Zagreb” antivenom) in V.ammodytes-envenomed patients. This was a prospective study of V.ammodytes-envenomed patients that were treated intravenously with ViperaTAb or intramuscularly with European viper venom antiserum that was feasible only due to the unique situation of an antivenom shortage. The highest venom concentration, survival, length of hospital stay and adverse reactions did not differ between the groups. Patients treated with intravenous Fab fragments were sicker, with significantly more rhabdomyolysis and neurotoxicity. The kinetics of Fab fragments after one or more intravenous applications matched better with the venom concentration in the early phase of envenomation compared to F(ab’)2 fragments that were given intramuscularly only on admission. F(ab’)2 fragments given intramuscularly had 25-fold longer apparent total body clearance and 14-fold longer elimination half-time compared to Fab fragments given intravenously (2 weeks vs. 24 h, respectively). In V.ammodytes-envenomed patients, the intramuscular use of specific F(ab’)2 fragments resulted in a slow rise of antivenom serum concentration that demanded their early administration but without the need for additional doses for complete resolution of all clinical signs of envenomation. Intravenous use of paraspecific Fab fragments resulted in the immediate rise of antivenom serum concentration that enabled their use according to the clinical progress, but multiple doses might be needed for efficient therapy of thrombocytopenia due to venom recurrence, while the progression of rhabdomyolysis and neurotoxic effects of the venom could not be prevented.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2/DENV co-infection: a series of cases from the Federal District, Midwestern Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi Luise Schulte ◽  
José Diego Brito-Sousa ◽  
Marcus Vinicius Guimarães Lacerda ◽  
Luciana Ansaneli Naves ◽  
Eliana Teles de Gois ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Diagnostic Process ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Since the novel coronavirus disease outbreak, over 179.7 million people have been infected by SARS-CoV-2 worldwide, including the population living in dengue-endemic regions, particularly Latin America and Southeast Asia, raising concern about the impact of possible co-infections. Methods Thirteen SARS-CoV-2/DENV co-infection cases reported in Midwestern Brazil between April and September of 2020 are described. Information was gathered from hospital medical records regarding the most relevant clinical and laboratory findings, diagnostic process, therapeutic interventions, together with clinician-assessed outcomes and follow-up. Results Of the 13 cases, seven patients presented Acute Undifferentiated Febrile Syndrome and six had pre-existing co-morbidities, such as diabetes, hypertension and hypopituitarism. Two patients were pregnant. The most common symptoms and clinical signs reported at first evaluation were myalgia, fever and dyspnea. In six cases, the initial diagnosis was dengue fever, which delayed the diagnosis of concomitant infections. The most frequently applied therapeutic interventions were antibiotics and analgesics. In total, four patients were hospitalized. None of them were transferred to the intensive care unit or died. Clinical improvement was verified in all patients after a maximum of 21 days. Conclusions The cases reported here highlight the challenges in differential diagnosis and the importance of considering concomitant infections, especially to improve clinical management and possible prevention measures. Failure to consider a SARS-CoV-2/DENV co-infection may impact both individual and community levels, especially in endemic areas.

Serum cobalamin concentrations and small intestinal ultrasound changes in 75 cats with clinical signs of gastrointestinal disease: a retrospective study

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria C Jugan ◽  
John R August
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disease ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Wall Layer ◽  
Normal Serum ◽  
Definitive Diagnosis ◽  
Albumin Concentration ◽  
Small Intestinal

Objectives The aim of the study was to evaluate ultrasonographic changes in the small intestine of cats with clinical signs of gastrointestinal disease and low or low–normal serum cobalamin concentrations. Methods Records for client-owned cats presenting to the small animal hospital with signs of gastrointestinal disease and in which serum cobalamin concentrations were measured from 2000–2013 were reviewed. Inclusion criteria were cobalamin concentrations <500 ng/l, abdominal ultrasound within 1 month of cobalamin testing and definitive diagnosis. Results Of 751 serum cobalamin measurements, hypocobalaminemia or low–normal cobalamin was identified in 270 cats, abdominal ultrasound was performed in 207 of those cats and a diagnosis was available for 75 of them. Small intestinal ultrasound changes were detected in 49/75 (65%) cats. Abnormalities included thickening, loss of wall layer definition, echogenicity alterations and discrete masses. Serum cobalamin concentrations <500 ng/l were observed with diagnoses of inflammatory disease, neoplasia, infectious disease and normal histopathology. Cobalamin concentration was significantly lower in cats with lymphoma or inflammatory bowel disease compared with other gastrointestinal neoplasia ( P = 0.031). No difference was found between cobalamin concentration and the presence of ultrasound abnormalities, specific ultrasound changes or albumin concentration. Conclusions and relevance One-third of symptomatic cats with hypocobalaminemia or low–normal cobalamin concentrations may have an ultrasonographically normal small intestine. For the majority of cats in this study, histopathologic abnormalities were observed in the small intestine, regardless of ultrasound changes. These findings suggest gastrointestinal disease should not be excluded based on low–normal cobalamin concentrations, even with a concurrent normal ultrasound examination. Additional studies are needed in cats with low–normal serum cobalamin concentrations, as a definitive diagnosis was not pursued consistently in those cats. However, data from this study suggest that careful monitoring, histopathologic evaluation and future cobalamin supplementation may be warranted.

Simultaneous Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis and Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 — A Finnish Nationwide Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 377-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
HEINI POHJANKOSKI ◽  
HANNU KAUTIAINEN ◽  
MATTI KORPPI ◽  
ANNELI SAVOLAINEN
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
Autoimmune Disease ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Type 1 Dm ◽  
Psychiatric Problems ◽  
Rheumatoid Factor Seropositivity

Objective.To describe the occurrence and main clinical and laboratory findings of patients having both juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and diabetes mellitus type 1 (DM-1) in a period of 30 years.Methods.Eighty-two patients having simultaneous JIA and DM-1 were identified in the reimbursement registers of the Finnish National Institute of Insurance during the period 1976–2005. Data on their clinical histories were collected from patient files.Results.Occurrence of simultaneous JIA and DM-1 increased 4.5-fold between the first (1976-85) and the last (1996–2005) decade. Prevalence of uveitis was 7%, of rheumatoid factor seropositivity 15%; 22% of patients had a third autoimmune disease [autoimmune disease (AID)], and 16% had serious psychiatric problems.Conclusion.The occurrence of patients with the 2 diseases, JIA and DM-1, increased over 3 decades. The prevalence of uveitis was low, the number of seropositive patients was high, and further cases of AID were frequent. Patients had multiple additional problems necessitating multiprofessional care.

scholarly journals Lipodystrophy, Diabetes and Normal Serum Insulin in PPARγ-Deficient Neonatal Mice

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. e0160636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter E. O’Donnell ◽  
Xiu Zhen Ye ◽  
Melissa A. DeChellis ◽  
Vannessa M. Davis ◽  
Sheng Zhong Duan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Normal Serum ◽  
Neonatal Mice
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