scholarly journals Effect of Shenfu Qiangxin on the expression of TGF-β/Smads signaling pathway-related molecules in myocardium of rats with heart failure

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 205873921985285
Author(s):  
Li Xiong ◽  
Guobo Xie ◽  
Binhua Luo ◽  
Zhiliang Mei
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Ejection ◽  
Tgf Beta ◽  
Model Group ◽  
Ventricular Ejection Fraction ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Losartan Group

This study aims to evaluate the effect of Shenfu Qiangxin on TGF-β/Smads signaling pathway-related molecules in myocardial tissue of rats with heart failure. Five rats were selected as sham-operated group, while another 15 rats with heart failure were divided into three groups, including model group, losartan group, and Shenfu Qiangxin group. Rats in losartan group were given losartan intragastric intervention, the rats in Shenfu Qiangxin group were given Shenfu Qiangxin mixture intervention, while rats in another two groups were given equal volume of sterile saline intervention. During the treatment, the levels of B-type brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), free fatty acids (FFA), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and TGF-β/Smads signaling pathway were measured in rats. Compared with model group, the expression of ejection fraction (EF), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVSP), TGF-β 1, Smad2, and Smad3 significantly decreased in sham-operated group, losartan group, and Shenfu Qiangxin group, while left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVDd), left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP), BNP, LDH, FFA, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels increased ( P < 0.05). Compared with sham-operated group, the expression of EF, LVSP, TGF-beta 1, Smad2, and Smad3 dramatically decreased in losartan group, Shenfu Qiangxin group, but LVEDV, LVDd, LVEDP, BNP, LDH, FFA, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels increased ( P < 0.05). Compared with losartan group, the expression of EF, LVSP, TGF-beta 1, Smad2, and Smad3 upregulated in Shenfu Qiangxin group, while LVEDV, LVDd, LVEDP, BNP, LDH, FFA, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels downregulated ( P < 0.05). Consequently, Shenfu Qiangxin could effectively improve the heart function of rats with heart failure, and play an anti-heart failure role by regulating the expression of related molecules of TGF-β/Smads signaling pathway.

Combination of Huangqi Granule and Rosuvastatin Improves the Cardiac Function in Heart Failure

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-187
Author(s):  
Jing Li ◽  
Yun Zhang ◽  
Weizhong Huangfu ◽  
Yuhong Ma
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction ◽  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Posterior Wall ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Ejection ◽  
Model Group ◽  
Ventricular Ejection Fraction ◽  
Posterior Wall Thickness

Using rat models of heart failure, we evaluated the effects of rosuvastatin and Huangqi granule alone and in combination on left ventricular end-diastolic dimension, left ventricular end-systolic dimension, left ventricular ejection fraction, left ventricular posterior wall thickness at end-diastole, and left ventricular posterior wall thickness at end-systole. Results showed that left ventricular end-diastolic dimension, left ventricular end-systolic dimension in the rosuvastatin + Huangqi granule group were significantly decreased (P ‹ 0.01), while left ventricular ejection fraction, left ventricular posterior wall thickness at end-diastole and left ventricular posterior wall thickness at end-systole were significantly increased (P ‹ 0.05). The serum IL-2, IFN-β, and TNF-α in rosuvastatin + Huangqi granule group were significantly lower than those in model group (P ‹ 0.05). However, the levels of S-methylglutathione and superoxide dismutase in rosuvastatin + Huangqi granule group were significantly higher, while nitric oxide was significantly lower than that in the model group (P ‹ 0.05). Also, compared to the model group, the apoptosis rate, and the autophagy protein LC3-II in the cardiomyocytes of rosuvastatin + Huangqi granule group was significantly decreased (P ‹ 0.01), while the level of p62 protein was significantly increased (P ‹ 0.01). The levels of AMPK and p-AMPK in cardiomyocytes were significantly lower in rosuvastatin + Huangqi granule group; however, the levels of mTOR and p-mTOR showed an opposite trend (P ‹ 0.05). To sum up, rosuvastatin + Huangqi granule could improve the cardiac function, decrease the level of oxidative stress, and inflammatory cytokines in rats with HF. The possible underlying mechanism might be inhibition of autophagy and reduced apoptosis in cardiomyocytes by regulating AMPK-mTOR signaling pathway.

Heart Failure Results in Inspiratory Muscle Dysfunction Irrespective of Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction

Respiration ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Jens Spiesshoefer ◽  
Carolin Henke ◽  
Hans Joachim Kabitz ◽  
Philipp Bengel ◽  
Katharina Schütt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction ◽  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Respiratory Muscle ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Exercise Intolerance ◽  
Left Ventricular Ejection ◽  
Muscle Dysfunction ◽  
Ventricular Ejection Fraction ◽  
Tnf Α

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Exercise intolerance in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) or heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) results from both cardiac dysfunction and skeletal muscle weakness. Respiratory muscle dysfunction with restrictive ventilation disorder may be present irrespective of left ventricular ejection fraction and might be mediated by circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> To determine lung and respiratory muscle function in patients with HFrEF/HFpEF and to determine its associations with exercise intolerance and markers of systemic inflammation. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Adult patients with HFrEF (<i>n</i> = 22, 19 male, 61 ± 14 years) and HFpEF (<i>n</i> = 8, 7 male, 68 ± 8 years) and 19 matched healthy control subjects underwent spirometry, measurement of maximum mouth occlusion pressures, diaphragm ultrasound, and recording of transdiaphragmatic and gastric pressures following magnetic stimulation of the phrenic nerves and the lower thoracic nerve roots. New York Heart Association (NYHA) class and 6-min walking distance (6MWD) were used to quantify exercise intolerance. Levels of circulating interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were measured using ELISAs. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Compared with controls, both patient groups showed lower forced vital capacity (FVC) (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.05), maximum inspiratory pressure (PI<sub>max</sub>), maximum expiratory pressure (PE<sub>max</sub>) (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.05), diaphragm thickening ratio (<i>p</i> = 0.01), and diaphragm strength (twitch transdiaphragmatic pressure in response to supramaximal cervical magnetic phrenic nerve stimulation) (<i>p</i> = 0.01). In patients with HFrEF, NYHA class and 6MWD were both inversely correlated with FVC, PI<sub>max</sub>, and PE<sub>max</sub>. In those with HFpEF, there was an inverse correlation between amino terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide levels and FVC (<i>r</i> = −0.77, <i>p</i> = 0.04). In all HF patients, IL-6 and TNF-α were statistically related to FVC. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Irrespective of left ventricular ejection fraction, HF is associated with respiratory muscle dysfunction, which is associated with increased levels of circulating IL-6 and TNF-α.

Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction – A Review

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Otto A Smiseth ◽  
Anders Opdahl ◽  
Espen Boe ◽  
Helge Skulstad
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Diastolic Heart Failure ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Filling Pressure ◽  
Left Ventricular Ejection ◽  
Ventricular Ejection Fraction ◽  
Reduced Ejection Fraction ◽  
Objective Evidence

Heart failure with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (HF-PEF), sometimes named diastolic heart failure, is a common condition most frequently seen in the elderly and is associated with arterial hypertension and left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy. Symptoms are attributed to a stiff left ventricle with compensatory elevation of filling pressure and reduced ability to increase stroke volume by the Frank-Starling mechanism. LV interaction with stiff arteries aggravates these problems. Prognosis is almost as severe as for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HF-REF), in part reflecting co-morbidities. Before the diagnosis of HF-PEF is made, non-cardiac etiologies must be excluded. Due to the non-specific nature of heart failure symptoms, it is essential to search for objective evidence of diastolic dysfunction which, in the absence of invasive data, is done by echocardiography and demonstration of signs of elevated LV filling pressure, impaired LV relaxation, or increased LV diastolic stiffness. Antihypertensive treatment can effectively prevent HF-PEF. Treatment of HF-PEF is symptomatic, with similar drugs as in HF-REF.

ACCESSMENT OF RIGHT VENTRICULAR SYSTOLIC FUNCTION USING TAPSE

2011 ◽  
pp. 62-70
Author(s):  
Lien Nhut Nguyen ◽  
Anh Vu Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction ◽  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Right Ventricular ◽  
Systolic Function ◽  
Systolic Heart Failure ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Ventricular Ejection ◽  
Left Ventricular Ejection ◽  
Ventricular Ejection Fraction

Background: The prognostic importance of right ventricular (RV) dysfunction has been suggested in patients with systolic heart failure (due to primary or secondary dilated cardiomyopathy - DCM). Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) is a simple, feasible, reality, non-invasive measurement by transthoracic echocardiography for evaluating RV systolic function. Objectives: To evaluate TAPSE in patients with primary or secondary DCM who have left ventricular ejection fraction ≤ 40% and to find the relation between TAPSE and LVEF, LVDd, RVDd, RVDd/LVDd, RA size, severity of TR and PAPs. Materials and Methods: 61 patients (36 males, 59%) mean age 58.6 ± 14.4 years old with clinical signs and symtomps of chronic heart failure which caused by primary or secondary DCM and LVEF ≤ 40% and 30 healthy subject (15 males, 50%) mean age 57.1 ± 16.8 were included in this study. All patients and controls were underwent echocardiographic examination by M-mode, two dimentional, convensional Dopler and TAPSE. Results: TAPSE is significant low in patients compare with the controls (13.93±2.78 mm vs 23.57± 1.60mm, p<0.001). TAPSE is linearly positive correlate with echocardiographic left ventricular ejection fraction (r= 0,43; p<0,001) and linearly negative correlate with RVDd (r= -0.39; p<0.01), RVDd/LVDd (r=-0.33; p<0.01), RA size (r=-0.35; p<0.01), TR (r=-0.26; p<0.05); however, no correlation was found with LVDd and PAPs. Conclusions: 1. Decreased RV systolic function as estimated by TAPSE in patients with systolic heart failure primary and secondary DCM) compare with controls. 2. TAPSE is linearly positive correlate with LVEF (r= 0.43; p<0.001) and linearly negative correlate with RVDd (r= -0.39; p<0.01), RVDd/LVDd (r=-0.33; p<0.01), RA size (r=-0.35; p<0.01), TR (r=-0.26; p<0.05); however, no correlation is found with LVDd and PAPs. 3. TAPSE should be used routinely as a simple, feasible, reality method of estimating RV function in the patients systolic heart failure DCM (primary and secondary).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document