Forensic and pharmaceutical analysis of addictive morbidity because of the use of psychoactive substances in Ukraine

Introduction. Modern turbulent state of society actualizes need for scientifically based methods and technological solutions to improve the information security system not only for the state, but also for society and the person in particular. Objective. To highlight the significant factors of information security of social development and to study the role of public admini-stration in the context of the actualization of information threats and risks. Study results. The article considers the essence of state management approaches to information security based on interpretation in terms of risk management. Information security is presented as a dynamic system that needs balance. Balance can be disturbed by external and internal factors. The 8 most significant factors that need to be taken into account to develop effective models of public administration in the field of information security are identified. 4 paradigms of information security management (systemic, synergetic, phenomenological and cognitive) which can be involved are considered. However, they are not universal and separate in any particular case, that is they are systemic in nature, and security management should be based on their integrated application depending on the situation and the specifics of the management process. Based on the analysis of the classical model of maintaining the state balance of a dynamic system, it is concluded that it can be used to ensure information security. A model is proposed to explain the reasons for the imbalance of the dynamic system of information security under the action of factors of influence and the risks that accompany them, and to determine the measures of public administration to ensure it. Conclusion. The model is proposed to explain the reasons for the imbalance of the dynamic system of information security under the action of factors of influence and the risks that accompany them, and to determine the measures of public administration to ensure it. Key words: Information security; Information security factors; Society; Public administration; Information security model.

Factors of information security of social development in public administration

Introduction. Modern turbulent state of society actualizes need for scientifically based methods and technological solutions to improve the information security system not only for the state, but also for society and the person in particular. Objective. To highlight the significant factors of information security of social development and to study the role of public admini-stration in the context of the actualization of information threats and risks. Study results. The article considers the essence of state management approaches to information security based on interpretation in terms of risk management. Information security is presented as a dynamic system that needs balance. Balance can be disturbed by external and internal factors. The 8 most significant factors that need to be taken into account to develop effective models of public administration in the field of information security are identified. 4 paradigms of information security management (systemic, synergetic, phenomenological and cognitive) which can be involved are considered. However, they are not universal and separate in any particular case, that is they are systemic in nature, and security management should be based on their integrated application depending on the situation and the specifics of the management process. Based on the analysis of the classical model of maintaining the state balance of a dynamic system, it is concluded that it can be used to ensure information security. A model is proposed to explain the reasons for the imbalance of the dynamic system of information security under the action of factors of influence and the risks that accompany them, and to determine the measures of public administration to ensure it. Conclusion. The model is proposed to explain the reasons for the imbalance of the dynamic system of information security under the action of factors of influence and the risks that accompany them, and to determine the measures of public administration to ensure it. Key words: Information security; Information security factors; Society; Public administration; Information security model.

Robust correlation dimension estimator for heart rate variability

Introduction. Non-linear methods of analysis have found widespread use in the Heart Rate Variability (HRV) technology, when the long-term HRV records are available. Using one of the effective nonlinear methods of analysis of HRV correlation dimension D2 for the standard 5-min HRV records is suppressed by unsatisfactory accuracy of available methods in case of short records (usually, doctors have about 500 RRs during standard 5-min HRV record), as well as complexity and ambiguity of choosing additional parameters for known methods of calculating D2. The purpose of the work. Building a robust estimator for calculating correlation dimension D2 with high accuracy for limited se-ries of RR-intervals observed in a standard 5-minute HRV record, i. e. with N  500. As well as demonstrating the capabilities of the D2 formula on a well known attractors (Lorenz, Duffing, Hennon and etc.) and in applications for Normal Sinus Rhythm (NSR), Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) and Atrial Fibrillation (AF). Materials and Methods. We used MIT-BIH long-term HRV records for normal sinus rhythm, congestive heart failure and atrial fibrillation. In order to analyze the accuracy of new robust estimator for D2, we used the known theoretical values for some famous attractors (Lorenz, Duffing, Hennon and etc.) and the most popular Grassberger-Procaccia (G-P) algorithm for D2. The results of the study. We have shown the effectiveness of the developed D2 formula for time series of limited length (N = 500–1000) by some famous attractors (Lorenz, Duffing, Hennon and etc.) and with the most popular Grassberger-Procaccia (G-P) algorithm for D2. It was demonstrated statistically significant difference of D2 for normal sinus rhythm and congestive heart failure by standard 5 min HRV segments from MIT-BIH database. The promised technology for early prediction of atrial fibrillation episodes by current D2 algorithm was shown for standard 5 min HRV segments from MIT-BIH Atrial Fibrillation database. Conclusion. Robust correlation dimension D2 estimator suggested in the article allows for time series of limited length (N ≈ 500) to calculate D2 value that differs at mean from a precise one by 5 ± 4%, as demonstrated for various well known attractors (Lorenz, Duffing, Hennon and etc.). We have shown on the standard 5-min segments from MIT-BIH database of HRV records: - the statistically significant difference of D2 for cases of normal sinus rhythm and congestive heart failure; - D2 drop significantly for the about 30 min. before of AF and D2 growth drastically under AF there was shown for HRV records with Atrial Fibrillation (AF) episodes. The suggested robust correlation dimension D2 estimator is perfect suitable for real time HRV monitoring as accurate, fast and non-consuming for computing resources. Key words: Hearth rate variability; Correlation dimension; Congestive heart failure; Atrial fibrillation.

Model of functional system of adaptive control of student learning process in e-learning systems

Introduction. The current achievements of modern science are the use of specialized automated systems and applications in various fields of medicine. In the current context of health care reform, the burden on health workers who provide medical care to school-age children is growing. The purpose of the work. With the declining level of children’s health, the system of optimizing the monitoring of children’s health and their physical development is becoming an urgent issue. Results. The proposed program is based on MS Access, VBA programming language. Designed for a comprehensive automatic assessment of physical development of students on the basis of anthropometric and physiometric indicators, functional capabilities of the body and the data of medical examination. The program provides the possibility of longitudinal observation (accumulation of data) on the health and physical development of students of an educational institution or classroom during the entire period of study of students. The result of the program is the formation of reports that describe the results of medical examinations to determine the proportion of students, physical or sexual development, visual or hearing acuity which meets or does not meet the normative age. Also, students who need further counseling from specialists in various fields are identified. Conclusions. The use of the proposed software will help to improve the organization of medical care by increasing the effectiveness of health monitoring and optimizing the work of health care workers or educational institutions. Key words: Medical examinations; Database; Software packages; Children’s health.

Assessment of information value of metabolic indicators in patients with colorectal cancer

Introduction. The problem of assessing the information value of indicators of the condition of patients is of a general medical nature in connection with the fundamental importance of the results of clinical examination of patients for making a diagnosis and choosing an adequate treatment tactics. The research is aimed at finding effective methods for assessing the information content of controlled indicators. Materials and methods. We examined 32 patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer. Metabolic disorders were studied on the eve of surgery and on the 14th day after surgery. To assess carbohydrate metabolism, the content of glucose (GLUCGOD) and lactate (LACT) in blood serum was studied. To assess lipid metabolism, total cholesterol (CHOL), alpha-lipoproteins (HDLC) (high-density lipoproteins), beta-lipoproteins (LDL) (low-density lipoproteins), triglycerides (TRIG) were studied. The level of the following amino acids was de-termined: methionine, cysteine, taurine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan, glutamate, glutamine, citruline, aspartate, asparagine, arginine, ornithine, alanine, leucine, isoleucine, valine, histidine, threonine, lysine, gydroxine, serin. The calculation of correlations between the indicators is carried out. Results. In connection with the known shortcomings of the widely used method for assessing the information content of indicators by calculating the Kullback measure, a search for alternative methods that satisfy the requirements formulated in the work was carried out. The proposed method is based on a special procedure for statistical processing of the measurement results of a set of controlled indicators before and after the operation. A simple analytical relationship has been obtained that effectively detects differences in the statistical distributions of the values of the controlled indicators that appear in connection with the operation. In addition, a method for assessing the informativeness of indicators in a small sample of initial data is proposed. The method is based on identify-ing the dynamics of correlations between indicators as a result of surgery. Conclusion. Effective methods for assessing the informativeness of controlled indicators are proposed, which reveal differences in the statistical distributions of indicator values that appear in connection with the operation. Key words: Colorectal cancer; Measures for assessing the information value of indicators; A small sample of initial data.

Evaluation of changes in the parameters of the vascular system in a reactive hyperemia test using rheographic data

Introduction. The task of searching method of non-invasive assessment of the cardiovascular system state is now as relevant as it was many years ago, since a method that fully satisfies the researchers is still not offered today. Once a popular rheographic method of studying the cardiovascular system today is increasingly being forgotten. A point of view was formed about its low effectiveness, due to the low accuracy and instability of the results obtained. Doppler analyzers widely used today give excellent results in the study of local vascular pathologies, but are of little use for an integral assessment of the state of vascular regions. Objective. Revealing the reasons for the low effectiveness of the rheographic method for assessing the state of the vascular system and determining ways to improve the method. Results of the research. On the example of the reactive hyperemia test data analysis, the inadequacy of the existing classical procedure for the analysis of rheograms is shown and the prospects for using the procedure for decomposing the rheogram into low-frequency (LF) and high-frequency (HF) components are shown. Conclusions. The use of rheography to assess the state of the cardiovascular system is very promising, but it requires fundamental changes in the existing classical methodology for the analysis and interpretation of rheograms. Based on the data of rheographic complex «ReoCom» results of using the technique of «LF-HF analysis» are given. The obvious advantages are shown, in comparison with the classical technique of rheogram analysis. Key words: Evaluation of the cardiovascular system parameters; Rheographic data; «LF-HF analysis» of rheograms; Vascular tone; Peripheral resistance; Venous outflow.

Telerehabilitation: information and technological support, experience of application

Introduction. Telerehabilitation is a complex of rehabilitation exercises and training programs provided to the patient remotely using telecommunication computer technologies, mainly at the outpatient stage of treatment. Telerehabilitation must be accompanied by appropriate software. The purpose of the work. To give an idea of the high-tech platform for telerehabilitation, which is being created at the Institute of Cybernetics named after V. M. Glushkov National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Methods. Work is being carried out under a project of the National Research Foundation of Ukraine, which is called «Transdisciplinary Intelligent Information and Analytical System for Supporting Rehabilitation Processes in a Pandemic (TISP)». The peculiarity of the system is that it is based on knowledge-oriented technology, ontological engineering and trans-disciplinary paradigm. The cognitive services of the system implement structuring. and classification. information, synthesize the necessary documents based on semantic analysis, identify the characteristic properties of information processes and provide support for decision-making at all stages of their life cycle. Results. The absence of specialized scales for functional assessment of the cardiorespiratory system, suitable for use during telereha-bilitation, was revealed. The proposed technology of objective functional assessment of the patient at home, based on the use of several portable devices and an innovative system for scaling small ECG changes. The technology was tested in the process of rehabilitation of patients with PTSD in the Center for Psychological Counseling and Trauma Therapy «Open Doors» as a means of control in the process of psychodiagnostics and psychotherapy. Conclusion. 1. Telerehabilitation is the most modern type of rehabilitation, which is rapidly developing. 2. The V. M. Glushkov Insti-tute of Cybernetics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine is creating a transdisciplinary intelligent information and analytical system for supporting rehabilitation processes in a pandemic (TISP), based on cognitive information technology, which fully provides the process of analyzing large volumes of information resources. 3. The technology of objective functional assessment of a patient at home, based on the use of portable devices and an original ECG scaling system, is an important component of telerehabilitation. Key words: Telerehabilitation; Novel coronavirus disease COVID-19; Post-traumatic stress disorder; Intelligent information and analytical system; Functional assessment; Scaling of the electrocardiogram and heart rate variability.

Use of innovative computer technologies in providing health monitoring of children and adolescents of school age

Introduction. The current achievements of modern science are the use of specialized automated systems and applications in various fields of medicine. In the current context of health care reform, the burden on health workers who provide medical care to school-age children is growing. The purpose of the work. With the declining level of children’s health, the system of optimizing the monitoring of children’s health and their physical development is becoming an urgent issue. Results. The proposed program is based on MS Access, VBA programming language. Designed for a comprehensive automatic assessment of physical development of students on the basis of anthropometric and physiometric indicators, functional capabilities of the body and the data of medical examination. The program provides the possibility of longitudinal observation (accumulation of data) on the health and physical development of students of an educational institution or classroom during the entire period of study of students. The result of the program is the formation of reports that describe the results of medical examinations to determine the proportion of students, physical or sexual development, visual or hearing acuity which meets or does not meet the normative age. Also, students who need further counseling from specialists in various fields are identified. Conclusions. The use of the proposed software will help to improve the organization of medical care by increasing the effectiveness of health monitoring and optimizing the work of health care workers or educational institutions. Key words: Medical examinations; Database; Software packages; Children’s health.

Factor models of the Kolmogorov–Sinai entropy indicators of EEG in adolescents with depression

t Introduction. According to the WHO, there is currently an increase in the prevalence, incidence and rejuvenation of depression. This phenomenon is also observed in adolescents. Purpose of the study. Search for sensitive and specific «markers» of depressive disorder in adolescents, which not only make it pos-sible to distinguish between patients and healthy people, but will also be able to assess the effectiveness of different types of treatment. The contingent of the surveyed. Research methods. Examined: 1. Group of adolescents with depression: 52 patients (35 girls and 17 boys). 2. Control group (healthy) — 40 adolescents (18 girls and 22 boys). 3. The EEG was recorded in a state of calm wakefulness and during mental stress. 4. EEG analysis — qEEG software complex — NeuroResearcher®InnovationSuite (MI&T Institute, Ukraine). The entropy of Kolmogorov–Sinai EEG was calculated — a nonlinear indicator of the state of neurodynamics in the studied EEG electrode placement. 5. Multivariate statistical analysis. Factor analysis was used to create the models (STATISTICA, 13.3). Results. The search for objective quantitative «markers» of the depressive state of both sexes adolescents was carried out on the basis of nonlinear EEG analysis and the creation of factor models of the results obtained. The factorial models of the Kolmogorov–Sinai EEG entropy of the studied areas of the cerebral hemispheres of sick and healthy both sexes adolescents in a state of calm wakefulness and during mental test were obtained. A physiological interpretation of the identified main factors is given. Comparison of factor models made it possible to identify differences between depressed and healthy adolescents, as well as gender differences. Differences in the factor models of the EEG pacemaker parameters were also revealed in depressed adolescents in a state of calm wakefulness and during mental stress. Based on the obtained factor models, it is possible to calculate the individual values of the factors for each pa-tient. This allows to determine the individual severity of the studied pathology. The revealed significant differences in factor models in adolescents of both sexes with depression in comparison with factor models of adolescents in the control group can be used to detect depressive disorder during EEG examination. Key words: Depression in adolescents; EEG; Nonlinear EEG analysis; Kolmogorov–Sinai entropy; Factor analysis.

Neural network analysis of mammary gland thermograms using the estimate of fractal dimension in field

Introduction. Thermography is one of the promising additional standard methods of mammary glands screening in a large group of population. This method is considered to be suitable for widespread use due to its non-invasiveness, lack of radiation exposure and thus safety for the health of patients, accessibility to patients and high detection effectiveness of pathological changes of the mam-mary gland. Methods of thermograms evaluation and analysis. To identify the risk of mammary gland pathology we analyzed thermograms using 68 features, among which three indicators of general characteristics: age of the patient, minimal temperature of theMG field, size of the MG temperature field; 32 features of the relative area of temperature rise; and 33 features of thermograms characteris-tics according to Hurst exponent of high dimensional fractals. To analyze distribution of MG field temperature and to identify signs of thermograms associated with the risk of pathology, methods of constructing one-factor and multifactor regression models were used, as well as method of operating characteristic curves (ROC). Quantitative analysis of the thermography results. On the basis of the selected factor signs, a linear model for predicting the risk of MG pathology was built — AUC = 0,85 (95% CI 0,82–0,87) and a nonlinear model (was used a multilayer perceptron — MLP, with one hidden layer with sigmoid activation functions) for predicting the risk of MG pathology AUC = 0,89 (95% CI 0,87–0,92). A non-linear neural network model on a reduced set of traits had better (p < 0,05) prognostic characteristics (AUC) than a linear model on all 68 features or a linear model on significant factor features. The prognostic characteristics of the MLP model allow to use it in order to predict the risk of a pathological process. Conclusions. To analyze mammary gland thermograms with assessment of the fractal dimension of the field temperature distribu-tion in norm and in pathology was constructed a neural network MLP model for predicting the risk of MG pathology. Sensitivity of the proposed model is 90,2% (95% CI 86,7%–93,0%), specificity — 85,1% (95% CI 80,6%–88,9). Key words: Thermograms; Mammary gland; Fractal dimension; MG temperature; One-wayanalysis of variance; MLP model.