Maternal adverse childhood experiences, current cumulative risk, and behavioral dysregulation among child welfare involved children

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 327-343
Author(s):  
Brett Greenfield ◽  
Abigail Williams-Butler ◽  
Kathleen Pirozzolo Fay ◽  
Jacquelynn F. Duron ◽  
Emily Adlin Bosk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Child Welfare ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Externalizing Behaviors ◽  
Cumulative Risk ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing Behaviors ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
Cumulative Risks ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing

The intergenerational influence of adverse childhood experiences on individual outcomes demonstrates a need for research that considers both personal and environmental contributors to risk. As such, the current study explored how maternal cumulative risks influence the relationship between maternal Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and their children’s behavioral dysregulation among families involved with the child welfare system ( N = 314). The importance of child age is also considered. The sample was stratified by age groups of children (1.5–5 years and 6–18 years), and the relationship between maternal ACEs, cumulative risk, and child behavior was assessed using OLS regressions. For younger children, maternal ACEs were only associated with externalizing behaviors when not controlling for cumulative risk, but cumulative risks were independently and significantly associated with both internalizing and externalizing behaviors. For older children, ACEs were independently associated with both types of behavior, but controlling for cumulative risk attenuated the strength of this relationship. Cumulative risks were also independently associated with older children’s internalizing and externalizing behaviors. Findings suggest the need to consider both individual and environmental risks for parents and children involved in the child welfare system, and the developmental timing and stability of that risk, in order to adequately support parent-child relationships as well as caregiving environments.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Sleep Problems among Adolescent Students: Mediation by Depression or Anxiety

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 236
Author(s):  
E-Jin Park ◽  
Shin-Young Kim ◽  
Yeeun Kim ◽  
Dajung Sung ◽  
Bora Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
The Relationship

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are known to be closely related to depression, anxiety and sleep problems. However, it remains unclear whether adolescents with ACEs have sleep problems regardless of depression or anxiety or under a mediating effect from depression or anxiety. Therefore, our aim was to examine whether depression or anxiety mediates the relationship between ACEs and sleep problems in adolescents by using a community sample. The Early Trauma Inventory Self Report–Short Form (ETISR-SF) and List of Threatening Experiences Questionnaire (LTE-Q) were used to assess traumatic ACEs. Ultimately, data from 737 students (M = 448, F = 289, 15.1 ± 1.4 years old) were included in the statistical analysis. A total of 576 (78.1%) participants reported that they had experienced one or more ACEs. Adolescents with ACEs had higher levels of depression, anxiety and sleep problems than did adolescents without ACEs, and boys tended to experience more trauma than girls. Depression and anxiety partially mediated the relationship between ACEs and sleep problems. The results of this study suggest the need for depression and anxiety interventions for adolescents with ACEs to reduce the long-term consequences, including sleep problems and physical health problems.

Adverse Childhood Experiences and Prevalence of Cigarette and E-Cigarette Use Among Adolescents in Bangkok, Thailand

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 398-405
Author(s):  
Takuma Ofuchi ◽  
Aye Myat Myat Zaw ◽  
Bang-on Thepthien
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Tobacco Product ◽  
Dual Use ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
Different Types ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Score Range

Currently, e-cigarettes are the most popular tobacco product among adolescents. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and use of cigarettes, e-cigarettes, and dual use in a sample of adolescents in Bangkok, Thailand. The sample comprises 6167 students from 48 schools (grades 9, 11, and vocational year 2) who participated in the 2019 round of the Behavior Surveillance Survey. History of 11 ACEs was used to calculate a cumulative ACE score (range 0-11). Multinomial logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between history of ACEs and smoking. In the sample, 7.0% reported using e-cigarettes only and 9.5% used e-cigarettes and cigarettes (dual use). After controlling for sociodemographic characteristics, history of ACEs was associated with increased odds of dual use. The odds of cigarette, e-cigarette, and dual use was significantly greater if the adolescent had a history of ≥4 ACEs. Special attention is needed to prevent smoking of different types among those with a history of ACEs.

Examining the relationship between adverse childhood experiences and ADHD diagnosis and severity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Crouch ◽  
Elizabeth Radcliff ◽  
Kevin J. Bennett ◽  
Monique J. Brown ◽  
Peiyin Hung
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Adhd Diagnosis ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Associations between adverse childhood experiences and acquired brain injury, including traumatic brain injuries, among adults: 2014 BRFSS North Carolina

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 514-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angie S Guinn ◽  
Katie A Ports ◽  
Derek C Ford ◽  
Matt Breiding ◽  
Melissa T Merrick
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
North Carolina ◽  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Acquired Brain Injury ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
The Relationship

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) can negatively affect lifelong health and opportunity. Acquired brain injury (ABI), which includes traumatic brain injury (TBI) as well as other causes of brain injury, is a health condition that affects millions annually. The present study uses data from the 2014 North Carolina Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System to examine the relationship between ACEs and ABI. The study sample included 3454 participants who completed questions on both ABI and ACEs. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to determine the relationship between ACEs and ABI as well as ACEs and TBI. Sexual abuse, emotional abuse, physical abuse, household mental illness and household substance abuse were significantly associated with ABI after adjusting for age, race/ethnicity, gender and employment. Compared with those reporting no ACEs, individuals reporting three ACEs had 2.55 times the odds of having experienced an ABI; individuals reporting four or more ACEs had 3.51 times the odds of having experienced an ABI. Examining TBI separately, those who experienced sexual abuse, physical abuse, household mental illness and had incarcerated household members in childhood had greater odds of reported TBI, after adjusting for age, race/ethnicity, gender and income. Respondents reporting three ACEs (AOR=4.16, 95% CI (1.47 to 11.76)) and four or more ACEs (AOR=3.39, 95% CI (1.45 to 7.90)) had significantly greater odds of reporting TBI than respondents with zero ACEs. Prevention of early adversity may reduce the incidence of ABI; however, additional research is required to elucidate the potential pathways from ACEs to ABI, and vice versa.

The Relationship Between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Recidivism in a Sample of Juvenile Offenders in Community-Based Treatment

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (11) ◽  
pp. 1210-1242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin T. Wolff ◽  
Michael T. Baglivio ◽  
Alex R. Piquero
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Offenders ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Life Outcomes ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
Juvenile Justice Policy ◽  
The Relationship

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been identified as a key risk factor for a range of negative life outcomes, including delinquency. Much less is known about how exposure to negative experiences relates to continued offending among juvenile offenders. In this study, we examine the effect of ACEs on recidivism in a large sample of previously referred youth from the State of Florida who were followed for 1 year after participation in community-based treatment. Results from a series of Cox hazard models suggest that ACEs increase the risk of subsequent arrest, with a higher prevalence of ACEs leading to a shorter time to recidivism. The relationship between ACEs and recidivism held quite well in demographic-specific analyses. Implications for empirical research on the long-term effects of traumatic childhood events and juvenile justice policy are discussed.

The role of HPA-axis function during pregnancy in the intergenerational transmission of maternal adverse childhood experiences to child behavior problems

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Jenna C. Thomas-Argyriou ◽  
Nicole Letourneau ◽  
Deborah Dewey ◽  
Tavis S. Campbell ◽  
Gerald F. Giesbrecht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Problems ◽  
Child Behavior ◽  
Externalizing Behavior ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Child Behavior Problems ◽  
Internalizing Behavior ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing

Abstract The current study aimed to understand the mediating and/or moderating role of prenatal hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis function in the association between maternal adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and child internalizing and externalizing behavior problems at age 4. The influence of timing and child sex were also explored. Participants were 248 mother–child dyads enrolled in a prospective longitudinal cohort study (the Alberta Pregnancy Outcomes and Nutrition Study). Maternal ACEs were retrospectively assessed while maternal self-reported depression and diurnal salivary cortisol were assessed prospectively at 6–26 weeks gestation (T1) and 27–37 weeks gestation (T2). Maternal report of child internalizing and externalizing problems was assessed at 4 years (T3). Results revealed that there was a negative indirect association between maternal ACEs and child internalizing behavior via a higher maternal cortisol awakening response (CAR). Maternal diurnal cortisol slope moderated the association between maternal ACEs and child behavior problems. Some of these effects were dependent on child sex, such that higher ACEs and a flatter diurnal slope at T1 was associated with more internalizing behavior in female children and more externalizing behavior in male children. There were timing effects such that the mediating and moderating effects were strongest at T1.

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