Dose Assessment for the Public due to Packages Shipping Radioactive Materials Hypothetically Sunk on a Continental Shelf

2000 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 317-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Tsumune ◽  
T. Saegusa ◽  
H. Suzuki ◽  
N. Watabe ◽  
H. Asano ◽  
...  
Author(s):  
Soja Reuben Joseph ◽  
Juyoul Kim

Various products containing a small number of added radionuclides are commonly available for use worldwide. However, frequent use of such products puts the public at risk of radiation exposure. In this study, dose assessments to members of the public using consumer products containing naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORMs) were conducted for various usage scenarios to evaluate the external and internal exposure dose. Data for this study were obtained from previous literature and were statistically analyzed using Boxplot to determine the input data for assessment. A normalized value of activity concentration was used for dose evaluation. In addition to other external and internal dose calculation codes, analytical calculations were used to perform age-dependent. Based on analytical calculations, the highest total effective dose equivalent (TEDE) received from necklace products at the upper whiskers with an activity concentration of 4.21 Bq/g for 238U, 24.4 Bq/g for 232Th, and 0.55 Bq/g for 40K for various age groups is 2.03 mSv/y for 1 year old, 1.24 mSv/y for 10 years old and 1.11 mSv/y for adult, which are above the international commission for radiation protection (ICRP) recommended public dose limit of 1 mSv/y. Results of external and internal exposure dose obtained using Microshield code, IMBA code and Visual Monte Carlo (VMC) code are all below the recommended public dose limit of 1 mSv/y.


Author(s):  
Jill Reay ◽  
David Sutton ◽  
Colin J Martin

The possession, use, transport, and disposal of radioactive materials are controlled through regulation to limit exposure of the public and workers. This chapter describes the methodologies employed. Regulation is enacted through a system of notification and licensing, based upon recommendations from the IAEA and ICRP. A competent authority is empowered to permit an organization to hold, use, or dispose of any radionuclide, provided certain conditions are met. These take the form of limits on the quantities of different radioactive materials held, and requirements for security and protection. They require an evaluation of the impact of waste disposal. Methodologies for estimating doses received by critical groups from release of radioactive material into the environment are explained. Minimization of the waste produced and regulation of its disposal are essential components in the overall strategy to protect the environment. Controls over the transport of radioactive materials and medical administrations to patients are considered.


2019 ◽  
Vol 205 ◽  
pp. 106350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saïdou ◽  
Tokonami Shinji ◽  
Masahiro Hosoda ◽  
Tchuente Siaka Yvette Flore ◽  
Ndjana Nkoulou Joseph Emmanuel ◽  
...  

1983 ◽  
Vol 1983 (1) ◽  
pp. 355-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth J. Lanfear ◽  
David E. Amstutz

ABSTRACT The Department of the Interior is required to evaluate the risks of oil spills from outer continental shelf (OCS) oil leasing and must compare these risks to those of other oil sources, such as importing oil. Past practice has been to treat spill occurrence as a Poisson process, with a rate proportional to the amount of oil produced or transported. U.S. oil production and accident data and worldwide tanker data were used. Criticism of this approach has centered on the validity of using oil volume as an exposure variable, and the applicability of existing accident data to frontier OCS areas. To examine these questions, the Interior Department recently sponsored several studies on OCS oil spill occurrence rates. One study compiled an extensive listing of all known oil spills of recent years and is believed to be the most complete database on oil spills available to the public. Another study looked at trends in oil spills from U.S. OCS platforms and discovered a statistically significant decrease in the spill rate since 1974. Other studies examined oil spill data for Cook Inlet and Prudhoe Bay, Alaska, and found that spill rates for these areas could not be shown to be significantly different from the U.S. OCS platform spill rate based on trend analysis. Studies are continuing to ensure that oil spill rates used by the Interior Department reflect the latest data and analyses.


2020 ◽  
Vol 188 (4) ◽  
pp. 470-476
Author(s):  
Ashraf Musauddin ◽  
Juyoul Kim

Abstract Offsite radiological consequence investigation using computerized software has been considered as an important quantitative risk communication in order to recognize and discuss public concerns about nuclear safety and health risk in case of hypothetical nuclear accidents around specific nuclear power plants (NPPs), with guideline of lessons learned from previous nuclear disasters. In this study, Northeast Asia nuclear accident simulator (NANAS) developed by Nuclear Safety and Security Commission (NSSC) in Korea was used to quantify the offsite radiological consequences from Haiyang unit 1 NPP in China and to examine the emergency protective measures for the public around regions of Korea as NPPs operating in Northeast Asia countries contributed to about 25% of the industry. Broad simulations of radiological source term estimation, atmospheric dispersion analysis and radiation dose assessment to the public have been performed in case of hypothetical nuclear accident involving source term of radionuclides release taken from Fukushima accident.


1991 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stewart Brown

The petroliferous sedimentary basins of the UK Continental Shelf are remarkable for the diversity of their reservoir strata. Reservoir rocks in fields currently in production range in age from Devonian to earliest Eocene, but significant hydrocarbon discoveries have also been made in rocks as as young as the mid-Eocene. The reservoirs are predominantly siliciclastic rocks, with facies ranging from continental fluvial and aeolian, to marine gravity flow deposits from sub-wave base environments.In this paper stratigraphic context of the producing horizons in the UK Continental Shelf (UKCS), principally the North Sea, is reviewed, and the sedimentation of the reservoir strata placed in an outline geological history. The main producing horizons are described in summary. Matters of stratigraphic terminology and correlation both between fields and between basins are discussed.A lithostratigraphy for the UK southern North Sea was established by Rhys (1974), and for the central and northern North Sea by Deegan & Scull (1977). Although these schemes have proved to be fairly robust, in the last 13 years the acquisition of new data plus a proliferation of new terms not fully documented in the public domain, argue strongly for a comprehensive revision and rationalization which is beyond the scope of this paper. Attempts in the public domain to standardize nomenclature across international boundaries in the North Sea, pursued by Deegan & Scull (1977) for the UK and Norwegian sectors, have lapsed for the most part in subsequent years.Economic basement in the UK North Sea can be regarded at present


2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 465-480
Author(s):  
Francesca Giacobbo ◽  
◽  
Mirko Da Ros ◽  
Elena Macerata ◽  
Eros Mossini

<abstract> <p>Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (NORMs) and Technologically Enhanced NORMs (TENORMs) are among the principal sources of radiation exposure for humans and for the environment. Therefore, the assessment of the impact of NORMs and TENORMs waste on human health is a key issue for their management and for acceptance of disposal sites. The radiological doses to workers and public due to TENORMs disposal depend on the waste inventory, on the usage of the site during operational activities and post closure phase and on the presence of dwelling areas in the vicinity of the disposal site. In the present study it is presented a methodology to preliminary assess the feasibility of a disposal of TENORMs, mainly constituted by phosphate sludges, originated from phosphoric acid industry activities. The hypothetical case study here presented is inspired by a real case study. Different possible scenarios have been considered. The potential doses to workers and to the public on-site have been estimated by the use of the TSD Dose and the RESRAD on-site codes both during the production life cycle of the site and once it ended. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to evaluate the impact of some key parameters, such the coverage thickness and wind velocity, on potential risk for workers and public.</p> </abstract>


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