scholarly journals Effect of Chemical Protection and Bone Marrow Treatment on Radiation Injury in Mice

Blood ◽  
1958 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 665-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
PAUL URSO ◽  
C. C. CONGDON ◽  
D. G. DOHERTY ◽  
RAYMOND SHAPIRA
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Radiation Injury ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Peripheral Blood Leukocytes ◽  
Blood Leukocytes ◽  
Hematopoietic Organs ◽  
X Irradiation ◽  
Bone Marrow Granulocytes

Abstract MEG (prepared from 9.0 mg. of AET) significantly modified the response of the bone marrow, peripheral blood leukocytes, spleen, thymus, body weight, hematocrit, and histology of the hematopoietic organs to lethal (900 r) and sublethal (450 r) x-irradiation in CAF1 mice. MEG reduced the effect of 900 r on the bone marrow, granulocytes of the blood, hematocrit, spleen, thymus, and body weight by a factor of approximately two. Combined treatment (MEG and isologous bone marrow) of mice exposed to 900 r of x-rays demonstrated that MEG is primarily responsible for preventing the early destruction of the bone marrow, but bone marrow injection was primarily responsible for causing a more rapid recovery of the bone marrow. In mice receiving combined treatment, recovery of the leukocytes and spleen was primarily influenced by the bone marrow injection; whereas recovery of the thymus and body weight was primarily influenced by MEG. The hematocrit values were normal after combined treatment.

scholarly journals Congenital neutropenia: neutrophil proliferation with abnormal maturation

Blood ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 723-734 ◽  
Author(s):  
RT Parmley ◽  
M Ogawa ◽  
CP Jr Darby ◽  
SS Spicer
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Colony Stimulating Factor ◽  
Peripheral Blood Leukocytes ◽  
Congenital Neutropenia ◽  
Blood Leukocytes ◽  
Specific Granules ◽  
Primary Granules ◽  
Stimulating Factor ◽  
Myelin Figures

Abstract A child with congenital neutropenia was studied using bone marrow culture and ultrastructural and cytochemical techniques. The patient's marrow cells formed a large number of granulocytic colonies of normal size in culture, and her peripheral blood leukocytes produced adequate colony-stimulating factor. No serum inhibitors were identified. The patient's promyelocytes from direct marrow and culture appeared normal in ultrastructure, and primary granules, contained peroxidase and acid phosphatase activity. Myelocytes and rare segmented neutrophils from direct marrow specimens demonstrated atypical notched nuclei, myelin figures in Golgi lamellae and primary (azurophilic) granules, and no identifiable secondary (specific) granules. These data indicate an intrinsic neutrophil defect which allows normal proliferation of precursor cells, but results in abnormal granulogenesis and apparent inability to form secondary granules.

scholarly journals On the Origin of Peritoneal Fluid Cells

Blood ◽  
1964 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOAN WRIGHT GOODMAN
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Peritoneal Fluid ◽  
Fetal Liver ◽  
Peripheral Blood Leukocytes ◽  
Blood Leukocytes ◽  
Free Cells ◽  
Donor Type ◽  
Hemopoietic Tissue ◽  
Differential Counts

Abstract Peritoneal fluid cells from mouse radiation chimeras were tested to determine their strain of origin by reaction with donor-specific and host-specific isoimmune sera. In all chimeras that retained donor hemopoietic grafts, peritoneal fluid cells were found to be of donor type. This was true regardless of the kind of hemopoietic tissue transplanted into the irradiated mouse. Donor hemopoietic transplant material included bone marrow, fetal liver, peripheral blood leukocytes, and peritoneal fluid cells from mice and bone marrow from rats. Irritation of the peritoneal cavity shifted differential counts but did not change the cytotoxicity results: all the free cells removed were of donor type.

scholarly journals Mobilization of long-term reconstituting hematopoietic stem cells in mice by recombinant human interleukin 7.

1995 ◽  
Vol 181 (1) ◽  
pp. 369-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
K J Grzegorzewski ◽  
K L Komschlies ◽  
S E Jacobsen ◽  
F W Ruscetti ◽  
J R Keller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Peripheral Blood Leukocytes ◽  
Gene Modification ◽  
Blood Leukocytes ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Interleukin 7 ◽  
Cell Repopulation

Administration of recombinant human interleukin 7 (rh)IL-7 to mice has been reported by our group to increase the exportation of myeloid progenitors (colony-forming unit [CFU]-c and CFU-granulocyte erythroid megakarocyte macrophage) from the bone marrow to peripheral organs (blood, spleen[s], and liver). We now report that IL-7 also stimulates a sixfold increase in the number of more primitive CFU-S day 8 (CFU-S8) and day 12 (CFU-S12) in the peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) of mice treated with rhIL-7 for 7 d. Moreover, > 90% of lethally irradiated recipient mice that received PBL from rhIL-7-treated donor mice have survived for > 6 mo whereas none of the recipient mice that received an equal number of PBL from diluent-treated donors survived. Flow cytometry analysis at 3 and 6 mo after transplantation revealed complete trilineage (T, B, and myelomonocytic cell) repopulation of bone marrow, thymus, and spleen by blood-borne stem/progenitor cells obtained from rhIL-7-treated donor mice. Thus, IL-7 may prove valuable for mobilizing pluripotent stem cells with long-term repopulating activity from the bone marrow to the peripheral blood for the purpose of gene modification and/or autologous or allogeneic stem cell transplantation.

scholarly journals Isolation, Synthesis, and Antimicrobial Activities of Naturally Occurring θ-Defensin Isoforms from Baboon Leukocytes

2008 ◽  
Vol 76 (12) ◽  
pp. 5883-5891 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angie E. Garcia ◽  
George Ösapay ◽  
Patti A. Tran ◽  
Jun Yuan ◽  
Michael E. Selsted
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Peripheral Blood Leukocytes ◽  
Blood Leukocytes ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Test Organisms ◽  
High Degree

ABSTRACT θ-Defensins are macrocyclic antimicrobial peptides that were previously isolated from leukocytes of a single species, the rhesus macaque. We now report the characterization of baboon θ-defensins (BTDs) expressed in bone marrow and peripheral blood leukocytes. Four cDNAs encoding θ-defensin precursors were characterized, allowing for the prediction of 10 theoretical θ-defensins (BTD-1 to BTD-10) produced by binary, head-to-tail splicing of nonapeptides excised from paired precursors. Five of the predicted θ-defensins were purified from baboon leukocytes, and synthetic versions of each were prepared. Anti-θ-defensin antibody localized the peptides in circulating neutrophils and monocytes and in immature and mature myeloid elements in bone marrow. Each of the BTDs possessed antimicrobial activity against bacterial and fungal test organisms in vitro. Peptide activities varied markedly despite a high degree of sequence conservation among the θ-defensins tested. Thus, baboons express numerous θ-defensins which appear to differentially contribute to host defense against diverse pathogens.

scholarly journals Regeneration of blood-forming organs after autologous leukocyte transfusion in lethally irradiated dogs. II. Distribution and cellularity of the marrow in irradiated and transfused animals

Blood ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 593-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
W Calvo ◽  
TM Fliedner ◽  
E Herbst ◽  
E Hugl ◽  
C Bruch
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Blood Leukocytes ◽  
X Irradiation ◽  
Trabecular Bones ◽  
Marrow Cellularity ◽  
Number Of Cells

Dogs were given transfusions of cryopreserved autologous mononuclear blood leukocytes after 1200 roentgens (R) (midline dose) whole-body x- irradiation. Bone marrow repopulation was studied by means of histomorphological methods at days 9 and 10 after transfusion of an average of 3 X 10(9), 7 X 10(9), 13 X 10(9), and 31 X 10(9) cells. The return of marrow cellularity to normal values was related to the number of cells transfused. With low cell doses (3 X 10(9) and 7 X 10(9)), the marrow regeneration at 10 days was focal. There were groups of cells (colonies) showing either erythropoiesis, myelopoiesis, or megakaryocytopoiesis in the osteal niches of the trabecular bones. Frequently such niches were seen showing complete cellular recovery next to niches with complete aplasia. With higher cell doses, all niches showed hemopoietic regeneration, and the cellularity approached normal values. No hemopoietic regeneration was observed in those skeletal parts that do not show hemopoiesis, even under normal circumstances.

Radioprotective Effect of 5-Azacytidine in AKR Mice

1969 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 318-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Veselý ◽  
R. Gostof ◽  
A. Čihák ◽  
F. Šorm
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Radioprotective Effect ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Blood Leukocytes ◽  
Akr Mice

The administration of 5-azacytidine to mice (AKR strain) prior to irradiation with a supralethal close of X-rays markedly reduces their mortality. In the pretreated animals the number of blood leukocytes and of bone marrow nucleated cells is considerably higher than in the animals that have been only irradiated. It is supposed that the radioprotective effect of 5-azacytidine favourably influences the proliferation of the stem-cells which are responsible for the repopulation of the bone marrow.

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