Analysis of the genetics of boar taint reveals both single SNPs and regional effects

Inflation targeting in Russia implies maintaining stable low inflation at a level of 4% throughout the country. The presence of structural factors in some regions can determine deviations from the all-Russian inflation, which can lead to different effects of monetary policy in Russian regions. In this paper, we analyze regional heterogeneity of inflation and factors of inflation deviations from the national average, estimate structural levels of inflation in the regions of Russian Federation. These estimates confirm the presence of some regional factors of inflation deviations from the all-Russian indicator, such as the difference in productivity growth of the tradable and non-tradable sectors (Balassa—Samuelson effect), effective exchange rates, real incomes and product stocks. In addition, our results confirm the presence of regions with price growth rate above and below monetary policy target. The results of this research can be used for the development of monetary and communication policies.

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Regional and sub-regional effects on development policies: The Benelux and the Nordic countries compared

Regions & Cohesion ◽

10.3167/reco.2017.070203 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 34-69 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Lauri Siitonen

Keyword(s):

Nordic Countries ◽

Policy Coherence ◽

Bilateral Aid ◽

Norm Diffusion ◽

Politiques Publiques ◽

Regional Effects ◽

Development Policies ◽

Politica Publica ◽

Donor Coordination ◽

The Eu

This is a comparative study of development policy behavior, testing the Europeanization hypothesis and the idea of sub-regional identification. It examines development policies of three Benelux countries and four Nordic countries. The comparison was partly quantitative, drawing from OECD data, and partly qualitative, based on policy analysis of similarities and differences in development policies of the countries under examination. The examination provides some evidence in support of the Europeanization hypothesis as far as the EU goals towards growth in member states’ aid volume and commitment to policy coherence for development were concerned. The alternative explanation was found to be stronger in helping understand performance in multilateral aid and allocation of bilateral aid. Common to the countries under examination is that they approximate a corporatist type of political economy, which helps in understanding identification and norm diffusion within sub-regional schemes. Neither explanation proposed here succeeded in explaining commitment to donor coordination.Spanish abstract: Este estudio comparativo del comportamiento de la política pública de desarrollo prueba la hipótesis de Europeización y la idea de identifi cación subregional. Las políticas públicas de desarrollo de tres países de Benelux y cuatro países Nórdicos fueron examinadas. La comparación fue cuantitativa y cualitativa, basada en análisis de similitud de política pública y diferencias en las políticas de desarrollo. El examen provee evidencia que apoya la hipótesis de Europeización tan lejos como las metas de crecimiento de la UE en volumen de ayuda y compromiso de coherencia de política de desarrollo de los estados miembros eran considerados. Se encontró sólida en ayudar entender el desempeño de la cooperación multilateral y la asignación de cooperación bilateral. Los países bajo estudio aproximan un tipo corporativista de economía política, que ayuda entender la identifi cación y difusión de normas dentro de esquemas subregionales. Ninguna explicación propuestas explica el compromiso con la coordinación del donante.French abstract: Cett e étude comparative évalue l’hypothèse de l’européanisation et l’idée de l’identification sous-régionale. Elle examine les politiques de développement des pays membres de deux schémas européens sous-régionaux : les trois pays du Benelux et les quatre pays nordiques. La comparaison est en partie quantitative à partir des données de l’OCDE et en partie qualitative, car elle se fonde sur une analyse de politiques publiques des similarités et des différences dans les politiques de développement des pays étudiés. L’analyse apporte des éléments en faveur de l’hypothèse de l’européanisation dans la mesure où les objectifs de l’EU en matière d’augmentation du volume de l’aide et de l’engagement en faveur de la cohérence des politiques publiques pour le développement (CPD) sont concernés. Cependant, l’explication alternative est avérée car elle permet de comprendre la performance de l’aide multilatérale et l’allocation de l’aide bilatérale. Un point commun entre les pays étudiés est qu’ils s’approchent d’un modèle corporatiste d’économie politique qui aide à comprendre l’identification et la diffusion normative à l’intérieur de cadres sous-régionaux. Cependant, aucune des explications proposées ne réussit à expliquer l’engagement en matière de coordination des donateurs.

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Regional effects of telecommunications in a social context - the example of homebanking

Netcom ◽

10.3406/netco.1996.1319 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 206-211

Author(s):

Andreas Koch

Keyword(s):

Social Context ◽

Regional Effects

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Food Security and the Poor: Regional Effects of Rice Export Policy on Households in Vietnam

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.2212513 ◽

2012 ◽

Author(s):

Tom Kompas ◽

Bui Trinh ◽

Hoa Thi Minh Nguyen ◽

Tuong Nhu Che ◽

Pham Ha

Keyword(s):

Food Security ◽

Regional Effects ◽

Export Policy ◽

The Poor

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Regional effects of plant diversity and biotic homogenization in urban greenspace – The case of university campuses across China

Urban Forestry & Urban Greening ◽

10.1016/j.ufug.2021.127170 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 62 ◽

pp. 127170

Author(s):

Xin Wang ◽

Jens-Christian Svenning ◽

Jiajia Liu ◽

Zhichun Zhao ◽

Zhaochen Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Diversity ◽

Biotic Homogenization ◽

University Campuses ◽

Regional Effects ◽

Urban Greenspace

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Recent genetic advances on boar taint reduction as an alternative to castration: a review

Journal of Applied Genetics ◽

10.1007/s13353-020-00598-w ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Darlene Ana Souza Duarte ◽

Martine Schroyen ◽

Rodrigo Reis Mota ◽

Sylvie Vanderick ◽

Nicolas Gengler

Keyword(s):

Genetic Selection ◽

Boar Taint ◽

Production Traits ◽

Fat Tissue ◽

Reproduction Traits ◽

Unpleasant Odor ◽

High Heritability ◽

Pig Meat ◽

Or Genes ◽

Synthesis And Degradation

AbstractBoar taint is an unpleasant odor in male pig meat, mainly caused by androstenone, skatole, and indole, which are deposited in the fat tissue. Piglet castration is the most common practice to prevent boar taint. However, castration is likely to be banished in a few years due to animal welfare concerns. Alternatives to castration, such as genetic selection, have been assessed. Androstenone and skatole have moderate to high heritability, which makes it feasible to select against these compounds. This review presents the latest results obtained on genetic selection against boar taint, on correlation with other traits, on differences in breeds, and on candidate genes related to boar taint. QTLs for androstenone and skatole have been reported mainly on chromosomes 6, 7, and 14. These chromosomes were reported to contain genes responsible for synthesis and degradation of androstenone and skatole. A myriad of work has been done to find markers or genes that can be used to select animals with lower boar taint. The selection against boar taint could decrease performance of some reproduction traits. However, a favorable response on production traits has been observed by selecting against boar taint. Selection results have shown that it is possible to reduce boar taint in few generations. In addition, modifications in diet and environment conditions could be associated with genetic selection to reduce boar taint. Nevertheless, costs to measure and select against boar taint should be rewarded with incentives from the market; otherwise, it would be difficult to implement genetic selection.

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Review on the Regional Effects of Gastrointestinal Luminal Stimulation on Appetite and Energy Intake: (Pre)clinical Observations

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13051601 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 1601

Author(s):

Jennifer Wilbrink ◽

Gwen Masclee ◽

Tim Klaassen ◽

Mark van Avesaat ◽

Daniel Keszthelyi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Energy Intake ◽

Oral Delivery ◽

Regional Differences ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Ileal Brake ◽

Regional Effects ◽

Clinical Observations ◽

Intestinal Delivery

Macronutrients in the gastrointestinal (GI) lumen are able to activate “intestinal brakes”, feedback mechanisms on proximal GI motility and secretion including appetite and energy intake. In this review, we provide a detailed overview of the current evidence with respect to four questions: (1) are regional differences (duodenum, jejunum, ileum) present in the intestinal luminal nutrient modulation of appetite and energy intake? (2) is this “intestinal brake” effect macronutrient specific? (3) is this “intestinal brake” effect maintained during repetitive activation? (4) can the “intestinal brake” effect be activated via non-caloric tastants? Recent evidence indicates that: (1) regional differences exist in the intestinal modulation of appetite and energy intake with a proximal to distal gradient for inhibition of energy intake: ileum and jejunum > duodenum at low but not at high caloric infusion rates. (2) the “intestinal brake” effect on appetite and energy appears not to be macronutrient specific. At equi-caloric amounts, the inhibition on energy intake and appetite is in the same range for fat, protein and carbohydrate. (3) data on repetitive ileal brake activation are scarce because of the need for prolonged intestinal intubation. During repetitive activation of the ileal brake for up to 4 days, no adaptation was observed but overall the inhibitory effect on energy intake was small. (4) the concept of influencing energy intake by intra-intestinal delivery of non-caloric tastants is intriguing. Among tastants, the bitter compounds appear to be more effective in influencing energy intake. Energy intake decreases modestly after post-oral delivery of bitter tastants or a combination of tastants (bitter, sweet and umami). Intestinal brake activation provides an interesting concept for preventive and therapeutic approaches in weight management strategies.

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Potential changes in the connectivity of marine protected areas driven by extreme ocean warming

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-89192-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Luciana Shigihara Lima ◽

Douglas Francisco Marcolino Gherardi ◽

Luciano Ponzi Pezzi ◽

Leilane Gonçalves dos Passos ◽

Clarissa Akemi Kajiya Endo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Protected Areas ◽

Marine Protected Areas ◽

Oceanic Islands ◽

Ocean Warming ◽

Surface Currents ◽

Southwest Atlantic ◽

Tropical Ocean ◽

Regional Effects ◽

Rcp 8.5

AbstractProjected future climate scenarios anticipate a warmer tropical ocean and changes in surface currents that will likely influence the survival of marine organisms and the connectivity of marine protected areas (MPAs) networks. We simulated the regional effects of climate change on the demographic connectivity of parrotfishes in nine MPAs in the South Atlantic through downscaling of the HadGEM2-ES Earth System Model running the RCP 8.5 greenhouse gas trajectory. Results indicate a tropicalization scenario over the tropical southwest Atlantic following an increase of sea surface temperature (SST) between 1.8 and 4.5 °C and changes in mean surface currents between − 0.6 to 0.5 m s−1 relative to present conditions. High mortality rates will reduce demographic connectivity and increase the isolation of oceanic islands. The simulation of organismal response to ocean warming shows that acclimation can significantly improve (p < 0.001) particle survival, promoting connectivity and tropicalization of MPAs, with potential impacts on their functional integrity and long-term resilience.

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