scholarly journals A large-scale proteomic analysis of human embryonic stem cells

BMC Genomics ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas C Schulz ◽  
Anna Swistowska ◽  
Ying Liu ◽  
Andrzej Swistowski ◽  
Gail Palmarini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Human Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Proteomic Analysis ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Embryonic Stem

scholarly journals Human Embryonic Stem Cells Where To Draw The Line

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-43
Author(s):  
T Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Human Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Eternal Life ◽  
Human Embryos ◽  
Ethical Perspective ◽  
Wide Range

Introduction: Human-embryonic stem cells (hESC) are derived from very early stages of the human embryo. These cells have immense plasticity and can be conditioned to develop into any type of cell of the human body. Despite all their promising utility, hESC researches have recently been the subject of fervent debate. Objective: This paper explores the implications of hESC therapy from a bio-ethical perspective. Method: Published literature with strict inclusion and exclusion criteria was extensively reviewed through use of general and meta search engines to elucidate the applications and implications of hESC. Discussion: Studies indicate that the potential of hESC in reconstructive and regenerative medicine is undisputable but complex social and moral issues are hopelessly intertwined beneath the pleasant facade. hESC offer endless possibilities in understanding bio-molecular disease patterns, supplying readymade healthy organs, interpreting aging and organogenesis at the cellular level. The use of hESC is well established in leukemia and scientists anticipate diverse applications in a wide range of congenital and acquired medical conditions. However, many dilemmas arise in context of their biomedical usage because of the destruction of donor human embryos in producing stem cells, adverse transplant reactions, teratogenecity, phenotypic / genotypic abnormalities, nonstandardized research laws, logistic issues and the possibility of eternal life and humanoid chimeras. Conclusion: The wisdom to choose between ' mindful utilization' and 'senseless exploitation' lies with us. The large scale commercialization of human life or the killing of viable embryos cannot be justified by any means. A neutral approach with increased involvement of uncontroversial progenitors should be adopted. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jafmc.v7i2.10396 JAFMC 2011; 7(2): 40-43

A simple method for large-scale generation of dopamine neurons from human embryonic stem cells

2010 ◽  
Vol 88 (16) ◽  
pp. 3467-3478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asuka Morizane ◽  
Vladimer Darsalia ◽  
M. Oktar Guloglu ◽  
Tord Hjalt ◽  
Manolo Carta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Human Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Dopamine Neurons ◽  
Simple Method

scholarly journals Biologic properties and enucleation of red blood cells from human embryonic stem cells

Blood ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 112 (12) ◽  
pp. 4475-4484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi-Jiang Lu ◽  
Qiang Feng ◽  
Jennifer S. Park ◽  
Loyda Vida ◽  
Bao-Shiang Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Human Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Globin Chain ◽  
Nuclear Condensation

Abstract Human erythropoiesis is a complex multistep process that involves the differentiation of early erythroid progenitors to mature erythrocytes. Here we show that it is feasible to differentiate and mature human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) into functional oxygen-carrying erythrocytes on a large scale (1010-1011 cells/6-well plate hESCs). We also show for the first time that the oxygen equilibrium curves of the hESC-derived cells are comparable with normal red blood cells and respond to changes in pH and 2,3-diphosphoglyerate. Although these cells mainly expressed fetal and embryonic globins, they also possessed the capacity to express the adult β-globin chain on further maturation in vitro. Polymerase chain reaction and globin chain specific immunofluorescent analysis showed that the cells increased expression of β-globin (from 0% to > 16%) after in vitro culture. Importantly, the cells underwent multiple maturation events, including a progressive decrease in size, increase in glycophorin A expression, and chromatin and nuclear condensation. This process resulted in extrusion of the pycnotic nuclei in up to more than 60% of the cells generating red blood cells with a diameter of approximately 6 to 8 μm. The results show that it is feasible to differentiate and mature hESCs into functional oxygen-carrying erythrocytes on a large scale.

scholarly journals Erythro-9-(2-hydroxy-3-nonyl)adenine (EHNA) blocks differentiation and maintains the expression of pluripotency markers in human embryonic stem cells

2010 ◽  
Vol 432 (3) ◽  
pp. 575-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Burton ◽  
David R. Adams ◽  
Achamma Abraham ◽  
Robert W. Allcock ◽  
Zhong Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Human Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
Relationship Analysis ◽  
Pou Domain ◽  
Spontaneous Differentiation ◽  
Exogenous Cytokine

hESCs (human embryonic stem cells) have enormous potential for use in pharmaceutical development and therapeutics; however, to realize this potential, there is a requirement for simple and reproducible cell culture methods that provide adequate numbers of cells of suitable quality. We have discovered a novel way of blocking the spontaneous differentiation of hESCs in the absence of exogenous cytokines by supplementing feeder-free conditions with EHNA [erythro-9-(2-hydroxy-3-nonyl)adenine], an established inhibitor of ADA (adenosine deaminase) and cyclic nucleotide PDE2 (phosphodiesterase 2). hESCs maintained in feeder-free conditions with EHNA for more than ten passages showed no reduction in hESC-associated markers including NANOG, POU5F1 (POU domain class 5 transcription factor 1, also known as Oct-4) and SSEA4 (stage-specific embryonic antigen 4) compared with cells maintained in feeder-free conditions containing bFGF (basic fibroblast growth factor). Spontaneous differentiation was reversibly suppressed by the addition of EHNA, but, upon removing EHNA, hESC populations underwent efficient spontaneous, multi-lineage and directed differentiation. EHNA also acts as a strong blocker of directed neuronal differentiation. Chemically distinct inhibitors of ADA and PDE2 lacked the capacity of EHNA to suppress hESC differentiation, suggesting that the effect is not driven by inhibition of either ADA or PDE2. Preliminary structure–activity relationship analysis found the differentiation-blocking properties of EHNA to reside in a pharmacophore comprising a close adenine mimetic with an extended hydrophobic substituent in the 8- or 9-position. We conclude that EHNA and simple 9-alkyladenines can block directed neuronal and spontaneous differentiation in the absence of exogenous cytokine addition, and may provide a useful replacement for bFGF in large-scale or cGMP-compliant processes.

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