scholarly journals Comparison of the antibacterial activity of essential oils and extracts of medicinal and culinary herbs to investigate potential new treatments for irritable bowel syndrome

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aiysha Thompson ◽  
Dilruba Meah ◽  
Nadia Ahmed ◽  
Rebecca Conniff-Jenkins ◽  
Emma Chileshe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Culinary Herbs ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
New Treatments

scholarly journals New Treatments for Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Women

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 605-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mopelola A Adeyemo ◽  
Lin Chang
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
Emerging Therapies ◽  
Female Predominance ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
New Treatments

The estimated prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in Western countries is 7–15%, with a female:male ratio of 2–2.5:1 in IBS patients who seek healthcare services; however, the female predominance is lower in the general population. IBS has a significant impact on health-related quality of life and is associated with a significant healthcare and economic burden. Management of IBS is comprised of general measures and pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic treatment. However, there are ongoing efforts to find more effective therapeutic approaches. As advancements in the understanding of the pathophysiology of IBS continue to grow, new and effective treatments with novel mechanisms of action that have the potential to improve relief of IBS symptoms over current treatments are likely to be developed. This article provides an overview of current and emerging therapies for IBS and also highlights sex and gender differences in clinical trials and treatment response.

scholarly journals A11 MICROBIAL AND METABOLOMIC PROFILES IDENTIFY SUBSETS OF DIARRHEA PREDOMINANT IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 13-15
Author(s):  
S M Bennet ◽  
G De Palma ◽  
P Bercik ◽  
A E Lomax ◽  
S Vanner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Bowel Habit ◽  
Enteric Infection ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Drg Neurons ◽  
Medical Organization ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Microbial Analysis ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
New Treatments

Abstract Background Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients are subtyped by predominant bowel habit rather than pathophysiological mechanisms and this may underlie challenges in identifying more effective targets for designing new treatments. Metabolomics and microbial analysis can distinguish IBS patients from healthy controls but it is unknown if they can identify pathophysiological IBS subgroups. Aims To phenotype subgroups of IBS patients using metabolomics and microbial analysis and determine if these subgroups have different underlying pain signalling mechanisms. Methods Symptom history, stool and urine were collected from 30 diarrhea predominant (IBS-D) and 30 constipation predominant (IBS-C) IBS patients (Rome IV). Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry quantified 130 metabolites in stool and urine. The GA-map™ Dysbiosis Test targeting ≥300 bacteria on different taxonomic levels was used to identify stool microbial composition. Multivariate OPLS discriminatory analysis assessed metabolomics and microbial profiles. To assess potential effects on pain signalling, the effect of stool supernatant on dissociated dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neuron responses to capsaicin (10nM) was assessed using Ca2+ imaging. Results Within both IBS-D and IBS-C, combined stool/urine metabolomic profiles of patients with a dysbiosis-like (DL) IBS (onset following antibiotics, enteric infection, or travel) were distinct from patients with a non-DL IBS onset (IBS-D R2=0.7, Q2=0.5; IBS-C R2=0.5, Q2=0.4); fecal glutamic acid and urinary pyruvic acid were the main metabolites driving separation. However, microbial profiles of DL vs non-DL onset could only be discriminated in IBS-D (R2=0.8, Q2=0.4). In the patients with a DL IBS onset, stool metabolomic profiles of the 7 IBS-C discriminated from the 8 IBS-D patients (R2=0.9, Q2=0.8). Profile differences were not seen between IBS-C and IBS-D with a non-DL onset of IBS. In preliminary studies, incubation of DRG neurons with stool supernatant from 1 DL IBS-D and 1 non-DL IBS-D increased peak [Ca2+]i responses to capsaicin compared to incubation with media (DL: 5.5±0.9 vs 2.3±0.7; non-DL: 6.9±0.7 vs 3.9±0.4% ΔF/F). Similarly, the number of responsive neurons to capsaicin was increased after incubation with IBS stool supernatant vs media (DL: 27% vs 8%; non-DL 19% vs 12%). Conclusions Different metabolomic and bacterial profiles between DL and non-DL onset of IBS-D suggests a novel means to better phenotype clinically defined IBS subgroups. While initial results with stool supernatants from both a DL and non-DL IBS-D patient suggest increased pain signalling in DRG neurons, more studies are needed to determine if there are differences between these two subgroups as well as healthy controls. Funding Agencies CIHRSoutheastern Ontario Academic Medical Organization (SEAMO)

scholarly journals Potent In Vitro Activity of Citrus aurantium Essential Oil and Vitis vinifera Hydrolate Against Gut Yeast Isolates from Irritable Bowel Syndrome Patients—The Right Mix for Potential Therapeutic Use

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1329
Author(s):  
Maura Di Vito ◽  
Maria Grazia Bellardi ◽  
Maurizio Sanguinetti ◽  
Francesca Mondello ◽  
Antonietta Girolamo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Lactobacillus Species ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Citrus Aurantium ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Irritable Bowel

Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional disorder without any pathological alteration, in which the alterations of the Candida/Saccharomyces ratio of the gut microbiota, the balance of pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines and the brain-gut-microbiome axis are important for the development and progression of IBS. The aim of the study was to identify natural products, including essential oils or hydrolates, which were contextually harmless for the gut beneficial strains (e.g., Saccharomyces spp.) but inhibitory for the pathogenic ones (Candida spp.). Methods: The effectiveness of 6 essential oils and 2 hydrolates was evaluated using microbiological tests, carried out on 50 clinical isolates (Candida, Saccharomyces and Galattomyces species) and 9 probiotic strains (Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Lactobacillus species, Akkermansia muciniphila and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii) and immunological and antioxidant assays. Results: The study led to a mixture based on a 1/100 ratio of Citrus aurantium var. amara essential oil / Vitis vinifera cv Italia hydrolate able to contextually reduce, in a concentration-dependent manner, the ability of Candida species to form hyphal filaments and have an interesting immunomodulatory and anti-oxidant action. This mixture can potentially be useful in the IBS treatment promoting the restoration of the intestinal microbial and immunological balance.

Chemical composition and antibacterial activity of essential oils from five culinary herbs of the Lamiaceae family growing in Campania, Southern Italy

2003 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 166-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felice Senatore ◽  
Raffaele De Fusco ◽  
Armando Grassia ◽  
Carla Ornella Moro ◽  
Daniela Rigano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Culinary Herbs

scholarly journals Efficacy and Safety of a Novel Herbal Medicine in the Treatment of Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Randomized Double-Blinded Clinical Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Ghasem Bordbar ◽  
Mohammad Bagher Miri ◽  
Mahmoud Omidi ◽  
Saeed Shoja ◽  
Malihe Akhavan
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Irritable Bowel

Background. The unresponsiveness to conventional pharmacological treatments and their side effects have led patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) to use complementary and alternative medicine such as herbal remedies. Beside, Zataria multiflora Boiss (ZM), Trachyspermum ammi L. (TA), and Anethum graveolens L. (AG) are being used as an antiseptic, carminative, and antispasmodic in traditional medicine. This trial investigated the efficacy and safety of a combination of ZM, AG, and TA essential oils in the treatment of IBS. Method. The present study was a randomized double-blind clinical trial with parallel groups in Iran. Patients in the control arm received three tablets of 10 mg hyoscine butylbromide daily for two weeks, and the intervention arm was daily treated with two 250 mg softgel capsules containing 180 mg of essential oils of ZM, AG, and TA for two weeks. Primary outcomes were the response rates based on the IBS Symptom Severity Scale (IBS-SSS), IBS Adequate Relief (IBS-AR), and IBS Global Assessment Improvement (IBS-GAI) at the end and two weeks after the end of the intervention. Secondary outcomes were the improvement rates in IBS-SSS scores, improving the quality of life, safety, and tolerability. Results. The posttreatment improvement percentage based on IBS-AR, IBS-GAI, and IBS-SSS scales was 83.9%, 75%, and 87% in the intervention group and 37.9%, 27.5%, and 34.4% in the control group, respectively (P<0.001). Also, the improvement of the quality of life in the herbal medicine arm was significantly more than that in the control arm (P<0.001). Conclusions. According to the results, the herbal medicine investigated in this study can be considered an appropriate alternative treatment for IBS.

Motor and sensory function of the rectum in different types of irritable bowel syndrome

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A399-A399
Author(s):  
J STEENS ◽  
P SCHAAR ◽  
C LAMERS ◽  
A MASCLEE
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Sensory Function ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Irritable Bowel
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