scholarly journals Pattern of drug utilization for treatment of uncomplicated malaria in urban Ghana following national treatment policy change to artemisinin-combination therapy

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander NO Dodoo ◽  
Carole Fogg ◽  
Alex Asiimwe ◽  
Edmund T Nartey ◽  
Augustina Kodua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Drug Utilization ◽  
Policy Change ◽  
Uncomplicated Malaria ◽  
Artemisinin Combination Therapy ◽  
National Treatment ◽  
Treatment Policy

Does the consent of the patients have a role to play in formulating a treatment policy?

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-57
Author(s):  
M Kango ◽  
K S Baboo
Keyword(s):  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Severe Malaria ◽  
Artemisinin Combination Therapy ◽  
Subsequent Reduction ◽  
Treatment Policy ◽  
New Treatment

Zambia recently changed its treatment policy for malaria from the failing chloroquine to the more effective artemisinin combination therapy (ACT). A study was conducted to find out if the community accepted the new treatment policy, as a prediction of its success. Following high levels of acceptability, it was not surprising to see high levels of compliance and subsequent reduction in cases of severe malaria and deaths.

scholarly journals Artemisinin-Based Combination Therapy Depressed Mitosis and Induced Chromosome Aberration in Onion Root Cells

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
J. I. Raji ◽  
C. K. Onwuamah ◽  
P. G. C. Odeigah
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Chromosome Aberrations ◽  
Uncomplicated Malaria ◽  
Artemisinin Combination Therapy ◽  
Genetic Damage ◽  
Root Cells ◽  
Onion Root ◽  
Chromosome Fragments ◽  
Chromosome Bridges

Artemisinin-based combination therapy is used to treat uncomplicated malaria disease in most endemic countries. Although most antimalarial drugs are effective in killing the parasite, there is a concern of induced toxicity to the cell. Here, the cytogenotoxicity of dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine phosphate (DHAP), a coformulation for artemisinin-based combination therapy, was evaluated usingAllium cepamodel. The toxicity on the mitotic index varies with the duration of exposure and dose tested. Chromosome aberrations observed include chromosome fragments, chromosome bridges, binucleated cells, and micronucleated cells. This study showed that DHAP can depress mitosis and induce chromosome abnormalities. Their accumulation in cells may be inhibitory to cell division and growth. This calls for caution in the administration of artemisinin combination therapy for the treatment of malaria ailment. Wide spacing of dosage is therefore suggested in order to avoid the risk of genetic damage.

scholarly journals Dynamics of Malaria Drug Resistance Patterns in the Amazon Basin Region following Changes in Peruvian National Treatment Policy for Uncomplicated Malaria

2009 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 2042-2051 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Bacon ◽  
Andrea M. McCollum ◽  
Sean M. Griffing ◽  
Carola Salas ◽  
Valeria Soberon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uncomplicated Malaria ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
National Treatment ◽  
Triple Mutant ◽  
Multidrug Resistance Gene ◽  
Treatment Policy ◽  
Atpase Gene ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Mdr 1

ABSTRACT Monitoring changes in the frequencies of drug-resistant and -sensitive genotypes can facilitate in vivo clinical trials to assess the efficacy of drugs before complete failure occurs. Peru changed its national treatment policy for uncomplicated malaria to artesunate (ART)-plus-mefloquine (MQ) combination therapy in the Amazon basin in 2001. We genotyped isolates collected in 1999 and isolates collected in 2006 to 2007 for mutations in the Plasmodium falciparum dihydrofolate reductase (Pfdhfr) and dihydropteroate synthase (Pfdhps) genes, multidrug resistance gene 1 (Pfmdr-1), the chloroquine (CQ) resistance transporter gene (Pfcrt), and the Ca2+ ATPase gene (PfATP6); these have been shown to be involved in resistance to sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP), MQ, CQ, and possibly ART, respectively. Microsatellite haplotypes around the Pfdhfr, Pfdhps, Pfcrt, and Pfmdr-1 loci were also determined. There was a significant decline in the highly SP resistant Pfdhfr and Pfdhps genotypes from 1999 to 2006. In contrast, a CQ-resistant Pfcrt genotype increased in frequency during the same period. Among five different Pfmdr-1 allelic forms noted in 1999, two genotypes increased in frequency while one genotype decreased by 2006. We also noted previously undescribed polymorphisms in the PfATP6 gene as well as an increase in the frequency of a deletion mutant during this period. In addition, microsatellite analysis revealed that the resistant Pfdhfr, Pfdhps, and Pfcrt genotypes have each evolved from a single founder haplotype, while Pfmdr-1 genotypes have evolved from at least two independent haplotypes. Importantly, this study demonstrates that the Peruvian triple mutant Pfdhps genotypes are very similar to those found in other parts of South America.

Correlation Between Malaria-Specific Antibody Profiles and Responses to Artemisinin Combination Therapy for Treatment of Uncomplicated Malaria in Western Kenya

2019 ◽  
Vol 219 (12) ◽  
pp. 1969-1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey Odhiambo ◽  
Elke Bergmann-Leitner ◽  
Moureen Maraka ◽  
Christine N L Wanjala ◽  
Elizabeth Duncan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Specific Antibody ◽  
Uncomplicated Malaria ◽  
Artemisinin Combination Therapy ◽  
Western Kenya

scholarly journals Adherence to Artemisinin Combination Therapy for the treatment of uncomplicated malaria in the Democratic Republic of the Congo

F1000Research ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ruby Siddiqui ◽  
Andrew Willis ◽  
Karla Bil ◽  
Jatinder Singh ◽  
Eric Mukomena Sompwe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Uncomplicated Malaria ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Artemisinin Combination Therapy ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Blister Pack ◽  
Poor Understanding ◽  
Republic Of The Congo

Between 2011 and 2013 the number of recorded malaria cases had more than doubled, and between 2009 and 2013 had increased almost 4-fold in MSF-OCA (Médecins sans Frontières – Operational Centre Amsterdam) programmes in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). The reasons for this rise are unclear. Incorrect intake of Artemisinin Combination Therapy (ACT) could result in failure to treat the infection and potential recurrence. An adherence study was carried out to assess whether patients were completing the full course of ACT.One hundred and eight malaria patients in Shamwana, Katanga province, DRC were visited in their households the day after ACT was supposed to be completed. They were asked a series of questions about ACT administration and the blister pack was observed (if available).Sixty seven (62.0%) patients were considered probably adherent. This did not take into account the patients that vomited or spat their pills or took them at the incorrect time of day, in which case adherence dropped to 46 (42.6%). The most common reason that patients gave for incomplete/incorrect intake was that they were vomiting or felt unwell (10 patients (24.4%), although the reasons were not recorded for 22 (53.7%) patients). This indicates that there may be poor understanding of the importance of completing the treatment or that the side effects of ACT were significant enough to over-ride the pharmacy instructions.Adherence to ACT was poor in this setting. Health education messages emphasising the need to complete ACT even if patients vomit doses, feel unwell or their health conditions improve should be promoted.

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