Consuming a supplement containing branched-chain amino acids during a resistance-training program increases lean mass, muscle strength and fat loss

Abstract Background Large (48-g), isonitrogenous doses of rice and whey protein have previously been shown to stimulate similar adaptations to resistance training, but the impact of consuming smaller doses has yet to be compared. We evaluated the ability of 24-g doses of rice or whey protein concentrate to augment adaptations following 8 weeks of resistance training. Methods Healthy resistance-trained males (n = 24, 32.8 ± 6.7 years, 179.3 ± 8.5 cm, 87.4 ± 8.5 kg, 27.2 ± 1.9 kg/m2, 27.8 ± 6.0% fat) were randomly assigned and matched according to fat-free mass to consume 24-g doses of rice (n = 12, Growing Naturals, LLC) or whey (n = 12, NutraBio Labs, Inc.) protein concentrate for 8 weeks while completing a standardized resistance training program. Body composition (DXA), muscular strength (one-repetition maximum [1RM]) and endurance (repetitions to fatigue [RTF] at 80% 1RM) using bench press (BP) and leg press (LP) exercises along with anaerobic capacity (Wingate) were assessed before and after the intervention. Subjects were asked to maintain regular dietary habits and record dietary intake every 2 weeks. Outcomes were assessed using 2 × 2 mixed (group x time) factorial ANOVA with repeated measures on time and independent samples t-tests using the change scores from baseline. A p-value of 0.05 and 95% confidence intervals on the changes between groups were used to determine outcomes. Results No baseline differences (p > 0.05) were found for key body composition and performance outcomes. No changes (p > 0.05) in dietary status occurred within or between groups (34 ± 4 kcal/kg/day, 3.7 ± 0.77 g/kg/day, 1.31 ± 0.28 g/kg/day, 1.87 ± 0.23 g/kg/day) throughout the study for daily relative energy (34 ± 4 kcals/kg/day), carbohydrate (3.7 ± 0.77 g/kg/day), fat (1.31 ± 0.28 g/kg/day), and protein (1.87 ± 0.23 g/kg/day) intake. Significant main effects for time were revealed for body mass (p = 0.02), total body water (p = 0.01), lean mass (p = 0.008), fat-free mass (p = 0.007), BP 1RM (p = 0.02), BP volume (p = 0.04), and LP 1RM (p = 0.01). Changes between groups were similar for body mass (− 0.88, 2.03 kg, p = 0.42), fat-free mass (− 0.68, 1.99 kg, p = 0.32), lean mass (− 0.73, 1.91 kg, p = 0.37), fat mass (− 0.48, 1.02 kg, p = 0.46), and % fat (− 0.63, 0.71%, p = 0.90). No significant between group differences were seen for BP 1RM (− 13.8, 7.1 kg, p = 0.51), LP 1RM (− 38.8, 49.6 kg, p = 0.80), BP RTF (− 2.02, 0.35 reps, p = 0.16), LP RTF (− 1.7, 3.3 reps, p = 0.50), and Wingate peak power (− 72.5, 53.4 watts, p = 0.76) following the eight-week supplementation period. Conclusions Eight weeks of daily isonitrogenous 24-g doses of rice or whey protein in combination with an eight-week resistance training program led to similar changes in body composition and performance outcomes. Retroactively registered on as NCT04411173.

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The effect of a resistance-training program on muscle strength, physical workload, muscle fatigue and musculoskeletal discomfort: An experiment

Applied Ergonomics ◽

10.1016/j.apergo.2008.11.010 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 40 (3) ◽

pp. 396-403 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Heleen H. Hamberg-van Reenen ◽

Bart Visser ◽

Allard J. van der Beek ◽

Birgitte M. Blatter ◽

Jaap H. van Dieën ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Resistance Training ◽

Muscle Strength ◽

Training Program ◽

Muscle Fatigue ◽

Physical Workload ◽

Musculoskeletal Discomfort ◽

Resistance Training Program

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Increases in Muscle Strength and Balance Using a Resistance Training Program Administered Via a Telecommunications System in Older Adults

The Journals of Gerontology Series A ◽

10.1093/gerona/glr138 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 66A (11) ◽

pp. 1251-1257 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

D. Sparrow ◽

D. J. Gottlieb ◽

D. DeMolles ◽

R. A. Fielding

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Resistance Training ◽

Muscle Strength ◽

Training Program ◽

Resistance Training Program

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Impact of protein supplementation on lean muscle mass in adult survivors of childhood cancer engaged in resistance training.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.10027 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 37 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. 10027-10027

Author(s):

Matthew R Krull ◽

Carrie R. Howell ◽

Robyn Partin, MS ◽

Ginger Carney ◽

Daniel A. Mulrooney ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Resistance Training ◽

Muscle Strength ◽

Childhood Cancer ◽

Training Program ◽

Muscle Mass ◽

Adult Survivors ◽

Protein Supplementation ◽

Resistance Training Program ◽

Lean Muscle Mass ◽

Survivors Of Childhood Cancer

10027 Background: Muscle weakness, low lean muscle mass and poor physical performance are prevalent among adult survivors of childhood cancer. We evaluated the effects of resistance training with and without protein supplementation on lean muscle mass, and muscle strength among childhood cancer survivors. Methods: This double-blind placebo-controlled trial enrolled survivors aged ≥18 to < 45 years. Participants were randomized to resistance training with daily protein supplement (21g protein/day, 90kcal) (RT+S) or resistance training with placebo (sucrose, 90kcal) (RT+P). Both groups received educational materials, access to a local fitness center and a tailored resistance training program with tapered supervision. Lean muscle mass and muscle strength were assessed at baseline and 24 weeks, using dual x-ray absorptiometry and dynamometer testing respectively. Mean changes were compared within and between groups. Results: Of 93 participants randomized, 57 completed the 24-week intervention (24 in RT+S, 33 in RT+P). The mean age was 33.1 (SD 7.0), 67% were white and 47% female. The RT+S group had a significant increase in lean body mass (1.05 kg [SD 2.34], p = 0.04), while the RT+P group did not (0.13 kg [SD 2.19], p = 0.74). Mean change in handgrip strength also improved in the RT+S group (1.98 [SD 4.30], p = 0.03); change approached significance in the RT+P group (1.49 [SD 4.60], p = 0.07). All survivors significantly improved their strength over time (Table) as measured by one max repetition test at baseline and follow-up. Conclusions: Preliminary findings indicate that a supervised resistance training program among adult survivors of childhood cancer that includes protein supplementation is feasible and may increase total lean body mass and muscle strength. Clinical trial information: NCT02501460. [Table: see text]

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Effect Of A Branched-chain Amino Acids Supplementation On Muscle Soreness During Intensive Training Program

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise ◽

10.1097/00005768-200505001-00228 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 37 (Supplement) ◽

pp. S43

Author(s):

Takashige Koba ◽

Koichiro Hamada ◽

Masao Sakurai ◽

Keitaro Matsumoto ◽

Tomoko Higuchi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Training Program ◽

Muscle Soreness ◽

Branched Chain Amino Acids ◽

Intensive Training ◽

Branched Chain

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Home-Based Resistance Training for Older Subjects during the COVID-19 Outbreak in Italy: Preliminary Results of a Six-Months RCT

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17249533 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (24) ◽

pp. 9533

Author(s):

Jacopo Antonino Vitale ◽

Matteo Bonato ◽

Stefano Borghi ◽

Carmelo Messina ◽

Domenico Albano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Resistance Training ◽

Muscle Strength ◽

Training Program ◽

T Test ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Group Differences ◽

Control Group ◽

Resistance Training Program ◽

Home Based ◽

Older Subjects

Background. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a six-month home-based resistance-training program on muscle health and physical performance in healthy older subjects during the unique condition of home confinement caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods. This was a randomized-controlled study that enrolled older participants that were allocated to either an experimental group performing the six-months exercise prescription (EXE) or a control group (CON). At the beginning (PRE), and after 6 months (POST), participants were assessed for muscle strength, balance, gait assessment and body composition by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry and magnetic resonance imaging. Normality distribution of data was checked with the D’Agostino and Pearson test and changes between PRE and POST were assessed by paired Student’s t-test while percentage and absolute changes between groups at POST were tested by unpaired t-test. Results. Nine participants were included for the final analysis: EXE, n = 5 (age: 66 ± 4; BMI: 27.5 ± 3.7) and CON, n = 4 (age: 71 ± 9; BMI: 24.2 ± 4.1). Significant PRE-to-POST changes were observed in the EXE group only in the chair-stand test (+19.8%, p = 0.048 and ES:1.0, moderate) and in total fat mass (+5.0%, p = 0.035 and ES:1.4, large) with no between-group differences. Moreover, EXE had significantly higher absolute thigh CSA values than CON at POST (14.138 ± 2977 vs. 9039 ± 1015, p = 0.0178, ES = 1.7). No other within- and between-group differences were detected. Conclusions. The home-based resistance-training program during the lockdown period, caused by the COVID-19 outbreak, determined only within-group improvement in lower limb muscle strength but not in muscle mass and composition in older subjects. Home confinement may partially explain the increase in total body fat due to a reduced daily PA regime and altered diet pattern.

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The effects of a 12-week resistance training program on muscle strength of elderly women

Revista Paulista de Educação Física ◽

10.11606/issn.2594-5904.rpef.2002.138746 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 220 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ericka Sant’Ana Federici Trancoso ◽

Paulo de Tarso Veras Farinatti

Keyword(s):

Resistance Training ◽

Muscle Strength ◽

Training Program ◽

Elderly Women ◽

Resistance Training Program ◽

Leg Press

O treinamento da força (TF) tem se revelado eficaz em idosos frágeis. Contudo, dúvidas persistem sobre a resposta ao treinamento em idosos com nível de independência funcional elevado. O objetivo do estudo foi observar os efeitos de 12 semanas de TF sobre a força muscular em mulheres idosas funcionalmente autônomas, mas sem experiência prévia com este tipo de treinamento. Trinta e cinco mulheres com 62 a 77 anos de idade passaram por anamnese e teste de esforço com ECG. Uma voluntária foi excluída por utilizar marcapasso, outras duas exibiram sinais de isquemia, seis não compareceram ao teste de esforço e sete abandonaram o TF por razões .diversas. A casuística contou com 19 indivíduos (idade = 69 ± 5 anos). Foram realizadas, duas vezes por semana durante 12 semanas, duas séries de 10 repetições máximas (RM) em exercícios para membros inferiores (“leg-press”) e superiores (supino reto). As médias semanais do volume de treinamento foram comparadas através de ANOVA para medidas repetidas (p < 0,05). Os resultados indicaram tendência à melhoria da força durante o período observado, nos dois exercícios, da ordem de 58% para o “leg-press” e 61% para o supino. O ganho de força evoluiu rapidamente nas primeiras quatro semanas, tendendo a estabilizar-se nas semanas finais. Conclui-se que o TF pode apresentar resultados positivos em idosas com bom nível de independência funcional. A possibilidade destes ganhos ocorrerem em treinamentos de prazo mais longo, todavia, revela-se duvidosa

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Associations of Fat and Lean Body Mass with Circulating Amino Acids in Older Men and Women

The Journals of Gerontology Series A ◽

10.1093/gerona/glz126 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 75 (5) ◽

pp. 885-891 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Tuija M Mikkola ◽

Minna K Salonen ◽

Eero Kajantie ◽

Hannu Kautiainen ◽

Johan G Eriksson

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Body Composition ◽

Lean Body Mass ◽

Fat Mass ◽

Lean Mass ◽

Older Men ◽

Branched Chain Amino Acids ◽

Men And Women ◽

Branched Chain ◽

Older Men And Women

Abstract Circulating amino acids are potential markers of body composition. Previous studies are mainly limited to middle age and focus on either fat or lean mass, thereby ignoring overall body composition. We investigated the associations of fat and lean body mass with circulating amino acids in older men and women. We studied 594 women and 476 men from the Helsinki Birth Cohort Study (age 62–74 years). Bioelectrical impedance analysis was used to indicate two main body compartments by fat (fat mass/height2) and lean mass indices (lean mass/height2), dichotomized based on sex-specific medians. Eight serum amino acids were quantified using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. General linear models were adjusted for age, smoking, and fasting glucose. Higher lean mass index (LMI) was associated with higher concentrations of branched-chain amino acids in both sexes (p ≤ .001). In men, LMI was also positively associated with tyrosine (p = .006) and inversely with glycine (p < .001). Higher fat mass index was associated with higher concentrations of all branched-chain amino acids, aromatic amino acids (phenylalanine and tyrosine), and alanine in both sexes (p ≤ .008). Associations between body composition and amino acids are largely similar in older men and women. The associations are largely similar to those previously observed in younger adults.

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