scholarly journals Home-Based Resistance Training for Older Subjects during the COVID-19 Outbreak in Italy: Preliminary Results of a Six-Months RCT

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (24) ◽  
pp. 9533
Author(s):  
Jacopo Antonino Vitale ◽  
Matteo Bonato ◽  
Stefano Borghi ◽  
Carmelo Messina ◽  
Domenico Albano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Training Program ◽  
T Test ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Resistance Training Program ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Older Subjects

Background. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a six-month home-based resistance-training program on muscle health and physical performance in healthy older subjects during the unique condition of home confinement caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods. This was a randomized-controlled study that enrolled older participants that were allocated to either an experimental group performing the six-months exercise prescription (EXE) or a control group (CON). At the beginning (PRE), and after 6 months (POST), participants were assessed for muscle strength, balance, gait assessment and body composition by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry and magnetic resonance imaging. Normality distribution of data was checked with the D’Agostino and Pearson test and changes between PRE and POST were assessed by paired Student’s t-test while percentage and absolute changes between groups at POST were tested by unpaired t-test. Results. Nine participants were included for the final analysis: EXE, n = 5 (age: 66 ± 4; BMI: 27.5 ± 3.7) and CON, n = 4 (age: 71 ± 9; BMI: 24.2 ± 4.1). Significant PRE-to-POST changes were observed in the EXE group only in the chair-stand test (+19.8%, p = 0.048 and ES:1.0, moderate) and in total fat mass (+5.0%, p = 0.035 and ES:1.4, large) with no between-group differences. Moreover, EXE had significantly higher absolute thigh CSA values than CON at POST (14.138 ± 2977 vs. 9039 ± 1015, p = 0.0178, ES = 1.7). No other within- and between-group differences were detected. Conclusions. The home-based resistance-training program during the lockdown period, caused by the COVID-19 outbreak, determined only within-group improvement in lower limb muscle strength but not in muscle mass and composition in older subjects. Home confinement may partially explain the increase in total body fat due to a reduced daily PA regime and altered diet pattern.

scholarly journals Effects of 7-Week Hip Thrust Versus Back Squat Resistance Training on Performance in Adolescent Female Soccer Players

Sports ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime González-García ◽  
Esther Morencos ◽  
Carlos Balsalobre-Fernández ◽  
Ángel Cuéllar-Rayo ◽  
Blanca Romero-Moraleda
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Training Program ◽  
T Test ◽  
Female Adolescent ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Adolescent Female ◽  
Resistance Training Program ◽  
Back Squat ◽  
Hip Extension

Hip thrust (HT) is a loaded bridging exercise that requires more hip extension than a back squat (SQ) does, while in a back squat, triple flex extension occurs. Due to the specificity of each exercise, it is claimed that HT gains can be better transferred to actions where hip extension occurs. In addition, strength improvements during squatting can be transferred in a greater way to vertical plane movement, such as vertical jumping. However, its effects on the performance of female soccer players are unclear. For this reason, the purpose of this study was to analyze a 7-week training program on performance variables using either HT or SQ exercises in female adolescent soccer players without lifting experience (N = 24, age = 16.82 ± 1.56 years, height = 1.64 ± 0.55 cm, body mass = 58.35 ± 6.28 kg). Players were randomized into three groups: A back squat group (SQG; N = 8), hip thrust group (HTG; N = 8), and control group (CG; N = 8). Participants in the HTG and SQG joined a progressive resistance training program twice per week for 7 weeks with either HT or SQ exercises. A countermovement jump, 10–20 m sprint, T-test, and barbell velocity during HTs and SQs (with the load that represents ~60 and ~80% RM) were measured before and after the intervention. The HTG showed greater improvements in the 10-m sprint (d = 0.7), 20-m sprint (d = 0.46), T-test (d = 0.36), and barbell velocity at 80% repetition maximal (RM) (d = 0.53) and 60% RM (d = 1.02) during hip thrusts, while the SQG showed higher barbell velocity at 80% RM (d = −0.7) during back squats. These results may be useful for strength and conditioning coaches working with adolescent female soccer athletes, since both strengthening exercises improved performance in different ways due to the nature of the exercise.

The Effect of Long-Term Resistance Training on Anthropometric Measures, Muscle Strength, and Self Concept in Pre-Pubertal Boys

2001 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 357-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliahu Sadres ◽  
Alon Eliakim ◽  
Naama Constantini ◽  
Ronnie Lidor ◽  
Bareket Falk
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Knee Extensors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Resistance Training Program ◽  
Prepubertal Boys

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of 2 school years (21 months) of a twice-weekly resistance training program on stature, muscle strength, and self-concept among prepubertal boys. The experimental group (E, n = 27) aged 9.2 ± 0.3 yrs, participated in progressive resistance training, while the control group (C, n = 22) aged 9.4 ± 0.3 yrs, participated in standard physical education classes (as advised by the Ministry of Education). Training sessions included 1–4 sets of 3–6 exercises, with 5–30 repetitions/set. The load ranged between 30% and 70% 1RM. No differences were observed in the gain in body height between groups. Muscle strength increased significantly more in E (e.g., knee extensors: 0.51 ± 0.13 to 0.77 ± 0.16 kg/kg body mass), compared with C (0.34 ± 0.12 to 0.54 ± 0.11 kg/kg body mass). One minor injury was reported throughout the study. Initial scores of self-concept were high in both groups, with no training effect. The results demonstrate that among prepubertal boys, a twice-weekly low-to-moderate-intensity resistance training program over a period of 2 school years (21 months) can result in enhancement in muscle strength with no detrimental effect on growth.

The Effect of a Resistance Training Program on Passive and Active En Dehors

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-57
Author(s):  
Fabiola Bertu Medeiros ◽  
Luciana Celia Bruschi Lapas ◽  
Cecilia Barroso Tomaz
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Training Program ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
T Test ◽  
Resistance Training Program ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Mobility Test ◽  
Training Protocol ◽  
Paired T Test

This article evaluates the effect of a supplementary resistance training program on passive and active hip external rotation on a ballet group. Fifteen Brazilian ballet dancers participated in the study. The passive hip external rotation was evaluated by a hip articular mobility test and the active hip external rotation in the first position en dehors in a self-selected angle. The resistance training protocol was based on The Best Performance Movement exercise method. Four 20-minute sessions per week were performed for three months. The paired t-test was performed to compare the passive and active hip external rotation pre- and post-training, with a significance level of 0.05. The paired t test showed that hip active external rotation improved after the resistance training, suggesting that the hip external rotation is muscle strength dependent.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Home-Based Callisthenic Resistance Training on Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Overweight Compared to Normal Weight Preadolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ina Shaw ◽  
Victoria E Boshoff ◽  
Sunette Coetzee ◽  
Brandon Stuwart Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
World Health ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Resistance Training Program ◽  
Home Based

Background: Childhood overweightness/obesity is likely to further challenge worldwide public health if effective preventative measures, such as physical activity interventions, are not put in place as prescribed by public health organizations, such as the World Health Organisation (WHO). Objectives: This study attempted to determine and compare the efficacy of home-based callisthenic resistance training on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in overweight children compared to normal-weight children. Methods: A quantitative study was undertaken, and 15 previously sedentary overweight/obese children (OOC) and 15 previously sedentary normal-weight children (NWC), aged 9 - 11 years, were assigned to a six-week, 45-minute, non-consecutive callisthenic resistance training program consisting of six exercises. An additional 15 previously sedentary normal-weight children were assigned to a non-exercising control group (NON). Results: In the OOC, the six-week callisthenic resistance training program significantly (P ≤ 0.05) decreased body mass (from 44.54 ± 10.53 to 43.77 ± 10.38 kg, P = 0.002), BMI (23.27 ± 5.05 to 22.85 ± 5.00 kg.m-2, P = 0.002), percentage body fat (from 33.01 ± 5.15 to 31.94 ± 5.55%, P = 0.042), fat mass (from 15.01 ± 5.45 to 14.30 ± 5.33 kg, P = 0.001), sum of skinfolds (from 46.46 ± 11.65 to 44.38 ± 11.61 mm, P = 0.032), and run/walk time (from 21.70 ± 5.06 to 20.71 ± 4.96 min; P = 0.003). In the NWC, hip circumference was found to be decreased (from 73.26 ± 5.84 to 72.76 ± 5.88 cm, P = 0.031), as was the sum of skinfolds (from 29.38 ± 10.18 to 25.84 ± 8.11mm, P = 0.035). Conclusions: This study demonstrated that home-based callisthenic resistance training can have positive impacts on overall body composition and may prove to be a cost-effective and essential tool in the fight against childhood overweight/obesity whether in normal weight or even overweight/obese children.

The effect of a resistance-training program on muscle strength, physical workload, muscle fatigue and musculoskeletal discomfort: An experiment

2009 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 396-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heleen H. Hamberg-van Reenen ◽  
Bart Visser ◽  
Allard J. van der Beek ◽  
Birgitte M. Blatter ◽  
Jaap H. van Dieën ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Muscle Fatigue ◽  
Physical Workload ◽  
Musculoskeletal Discomfort ◽  
Resistance Training Program

Impact of protein supplementation on lean muscle mass in adult survivors of childhood cancer engaged in resistance training.

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 10027-10027
Author(s):  
Matthew R Krull ◽  
Carrie R. Howell ◽  
Robyn Partin, MS ◽  
Ginger Carney ◽  
Daniel A. Mulrooney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Childhood Cancer ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Adult Survivors ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Resistance Training Program ◽  
Lean Muscle Mass ◽  
Survivors Of Childhood Cancer

10027 Background: Muscle weakness, low lean muscle mass and poor physical performance are prevalent among adult survivors of childhood cancer. We evaluated the effects of resistance training with and without protein supplementation on lean muscle mass, and muscle strength among childhood cancer survivors. Methods: This double-blind placebo-controlled trial enrolled survivors aged ≥18 to < 45 years. Participants were randomized to resistance training with daily protein supplement (21g protein/day, 90kcal) (RT+S) or resistance training with placebo (sucrose, 90kcal) (RT+P). Both groups received educational materials, access to a local fitness center and a tailored resistance training program with tapered supervision. Lean muscle mass and muscle strength were assessed at baseline and 24 weeks, using dual x-ray absorptiometry and dynamometer testing respectively. Mean changes were compared within and between groups. Results: Of 93 participants randomized, 57 completed the 24-week intervention (24 in RT+S, 33 in RT+P). The mean age was 33.1 (SD 7.0), 67% were white and 47% female. The RT+S group had a significant increase in lean body mass (1.05 kg [SD 2.34], p = 0.04), while the RT+P group did not (0.13 kg [SD 2.19], p = 0.74). Mean change in handgrip strength also improved in the RT+S group (1.98 [SD 4.30], p = 0.03); change approached significance in the RT+P group (1.49 [SD 4.60], p = 0.07). All survivors significantly improved their strength over time (Table) as measured by one max repetition test at baseline and follow-up. Conclusions: Preliminary findings indicate that a supervised resistance training program among adult survivors of childhood cancer that includes protein supplementation is feasible and may increase total lean body mass and muscle strength. Clinical trial information: NCT02501460. [Table: see text]

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