scholarly journals Updating the evolutionary history of Carnivora (Mammalia): a new species-level supertree complete with divergence time estimates

BMC Biology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrin Nyakatura ◽  
Olaf RP Bininda-Emonds
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Divergence Time ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Divergence Time Estimates ◽  
Time Estimates ◽  
History Of ◽  
A New Species

scholarly journals Morphological and molecular phylogenetic analyses of Zepedanulus ishikawai (Arachnida: Opiliones: Laniatores: Epedanidae) in the southern part of the Ryukyu Archipelago

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
Yoshimasa Kumekawa ◽  
Haruka Fujimoto ◽  
Osamu Miura ◽  
Ryo Arakawa ◽  
Jun Yokoyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Tree ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Divergence Time ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Ryukyu Archipelago ◽  
Divergence Time Estimates ◽  
Time Estimates ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
History Of ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Abstract Harvestmen (Arachnida: Opiliones) are soil animals with extremely low dispersal abilities that experienced allopatric differentiation. To clarify the morphological and phylogenetic differentiation of the endemic harvestman Zepedanulus ishikawai (Suzuki, 1971) (Laniatores: Epedanidae) in the southern part of the Ryukyu Archipelago, we conducted molecular phylogenetic analyses and divergence time estimates based on CO1 and 16S rRNA sequences of mtDNA, the 28S rRNA sequence of nrDNA, and the external morphology. A phylogenetic tree based on mtDNA sequences indicated that individuals of Z. ishikawai were monophyletic and were divided into clade I and clade II. This was supported by the nrDNA phylogenetic tree. Although clades I and II were distributed sympatrically on all three islands examined (Ishigaki, Iriomote, and Yonaguni), heterogeneity could not be detected by polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism of nrDNA, indicating that clades I and II do not have a history of hybridisation. Also, several morphological characters differed significantly between individuals of clade I and clade II. The longstanding isolation of the southern Ryukyus from the surrounding islands enabled estimation of the original morphological characters of both clades of Z. ishikawai.

A new feather mite species of the genus Neumannella Trouessart, 1916 (Analgoidea, Dermoglyphidae) from the Red-winged Tinamou Rhynchotus rufescens (Temminck, 1815) (Aves, Tinamiformes) with remarks to the evolution of host-parasite associations of the genus

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacek Dabert
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Mite Species ◽  
Feather Mite ◽  
History Of ◽  
Host Parasite ◽  
Reconciliation Method ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Mite Family

AbstractNeumannella skorackii, a new species of the feather mite family Dermoglyphidae (Acari, Astigmata) is described from the Red-winged Tinamou Rhynchotus rufescens (Temminck, 1815) (Aves, Tinamiformes) from Paraguay and a key to all known species of the genus is provided. The phylogenetic relationships (MP analysis of 25 morphological characters) between Neumannella species along with the evolutionary history of host-parasite associations revealed by Jungle reconciliation method are reconstructed. Relatively low cospeciation contribution to the recent host-parasite associations is discovered.

First Dicranomyia Stephens, 1829 (Diptera, Limoniidae) in Colombian copal

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
WIESŁAW KRZEMIŃSKI ◽  
IWONA KANIA ◽  
KATARZYNA KOPEĆ ◽  
MAGDALENA OKOŃ
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Morphological Evolution ◽  
History Of ◽  
A New Species

The description of a new species of the genus Dicranomyia Stephens, 1829 (Diptera: Limoniidae) from Colombian copal is presented. The newly described species Dicranomyia (Dicranomyia) colombiana sp. nov. is the first representative of the genus in Colombian copal. The ecological and biogeographical patterns, morphological evolution and the aspects evolutionary history of extinct and extant representatives of Dicranomyia (with particular references to the representatives in Colombian copal) are discussed. 

A new species of Australian freetail bat Mormopterus eleryi sp. nov. (Chiroptera: Molossidae) and a taxonomic reappraisal of M. norfolkensis (Gray)

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1875 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
TERRY REARDON ◽  
MARK ADAMS ◽  
NORM MCKENZIE ◽  
PAULINA JENKINS
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Glans Penis ◽  
Museum Specimens ◽  
Echolocation Call ◽  
Norfolk Island ◽  
History Of ◽  
Central Australia ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
A New Species

The species-level taxonomy of Australian Mormopterus has a long history of uncertainty. In this paper we review in detail the historic problems associated with determining the relationship between the norfolkensis holotype (allegedly from Norfolk Island) and forms occurring on mainland Australia. Using external and cranial characters, we establish that the holotype is conspecific with mainland specimens and we provide a redescription of the species. We also describe a new species, Mormopterus eleryi sp. nov. from central Australia. Updated allozyme profiles (a total of 40 putative loci) show that M. norfolkensis and M. eleryi sp. nov. diverge from one another at an average of 49% fixed differences and each diverge from the ‘planiceps-beccarii-loriae’ complex at an average of 48% and 45% fixed differences respectively. While both species are readily diagnosable by external and cranial features, they are especially distinctive in the morphology of the upper molars and glans penis. Echolocation call profiles as recorded by ANABAT bat detectors also show both species to have unique search phase calls compared to other Australian Mormopterus species. Both M norfolkensis and M. eleryi sp. nov. are known from less than 30 museum specimens each.

The first diplatyid earwig in Tertiary amber (Dermaptera: Diplatyidae): A new species from Miocene Mexican amber

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Ross ◽  
Michael S. Engel
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
History Of ◽  
A New Species

The first earwig (Dermaptera) to be described from Mexican (Miocene) amber is named Haplodiplatys crightoni Ross & Engel sp.n., represented by an adult female and constituting the second record of the basal family Diplatyidae in the fossil record. Brief comments are made regarding the biogeographic implications of the fossil and the evolutionary history of Diplatyidae.

scholarly journals The oldest platylepadid turtle barnacle (Cirripedia, Coronuloidea): a new species of Platylepas from the Lower Pleistocene of Italy

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Collareta ◽  
Agatino Reitano ◽  
Antonietta Rosso ◽  
Rossana Sanfelippo ◽  
Mark Bosselaers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Sea Turtle ◽  
Upper Pleistocene ◽  
The Family ◽  
Lower Pleistocene ◽  
History Of ◽  
A New Species

Coronuloid barnacles are epibionts of several marine vertebrates (including cetaceans and sea turtles) as well as invertebrates, and are assigned to two families of turtle barnacles (Chelonibiidae Pilsbry, 1916 and Platylepadidae Newman & Ross, 1976) and one family of whale barnacles (Coronulidae Leach, 1817). Chelonibiids and coronulids have a scanty, albeit significant fossil record extending back to the Eocene and Pliocene, respectively; in turn, the fossil record of platylepadids is limited to a single record from the Upper Pleistocene. Here we report on an isolated carinolateral compartment of Platylepas Gray, 1825, the type genus of the family, from Lower Pleistocene (Gelasian) epibathyal deposits exposed at Milazzo (Sicily, Italy). This specimen is here designated holotype of a new species, †Platylepas mediterranea sp. nov. We argue that, like most extant members of Platylepas, †P. mediterranea sp. nov. lived partially embedded in the skin of a sea turtle. This record of an extinct platylepadid – the first from the Mediterranean region and the second worldwide – pushes back the fossil record of Platylepadidae to the lowermost Quaternary, thus possibly supporting an even earlier (e.g., Neogene) timing for the origin of this family and adding a new chapter to the evolutionary history of one of the most diverse and successful lineages of epizoic crustaceans.

scholarly journals Phylogenetic relationships of the cuscuses (Diprotodontia : Phalangeridae) of island Southeast Asia and Melanesia based on the mitochondrial ND2 gene

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shimona Kealy ◽  
Stephen C. Donnellan ◽  
Kieren J. Mitchell ◽  
Michael Herrera ◽  
Ken Aplin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Divergence Time ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Source Population ◽  
Divergence Time Estimates ◽  
Time Estimates ◽  
Multiple Species ◽  
Nd2 Gene

The species-level systematics of the marsupial family Phalangeridae, particularly Phalanger, are poorly understood, due partly to the family’s wide distribution across Australia, New Guinea, eastern Indonesia, and surrounding islands. In order to refine the species-level systematics of Phalangeridae, and improve our understanding of their evolution, we generated 36 mitochondrial ND2 DNA sequences from multiple species and sample localities. We combined our new data with available sequences and produced the most comprehensive molecular phylogeny for Phalangeridae to date. Our analyses (1) strongly support the monophyly of the three phalangerid subfamilies (Trichosurinae, Ailuropinae, Phalangerinae); (2) reveal the need to re-examine all specimens currently identified as ‘Phalanger orientalis’; and (3) suggest the elevation of the Solomon Island P. orientalis subspecies to species level (P. breviceps Thomas, 1888). In addition, samples of P. orientalis from Timor formed a clade, consistent with an introduction by humans from a single source population. However, further research on east Indonesian P. orientalis populations will be required to test this hypothesis, resolve inconsistencies in divergence time estimates, and locate the source population and taxonomic status of the Timor P. orientalis.

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