scholarly journals Low cortisol levels in blood from dairy cows with ketosis: a field study

2010 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina B Forslund ◽  
Örjan A Ljungvall ◽  
Bernt V Jones
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
Low Cortisol

The dexamethasone suppression test and DSM-III-R diagnoses in suicide attempters

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 350-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Åsa Westrin ◽  
Karin Frii ◽  
Lil Träskman-Bendz
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Suicide Attempter ◽  
Axis Ii ◽  
Suppression Test ◽  
Axis I ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
Low Cortisol ◽  
Hpa Axis Activity ◽  
Dexamethasone Suppression

AbstractPrevious research on hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis-activity in suicide attempter research has shown conflicting outcomes. The design of the present study was to test the influence of personality disorders and concominant axis I diagnoses on the dexamethasone suppression diagnostic test by use of multiple regression analyses. The sample consisted of 184 patients with a recent suicide attempt and 42 healthy controls. As expected, the lowest pre- and postdexamethasone cortisol levels were found in patients with personality disorders axis II, cluster B as compared to the other patients. The results remained significant when analysed for covariance with DSM-III-R axis I diagnoses, age or sex. Whether these low cortisol levels are due to previous experience of extreme stressful events or long-lasting burden, or whether they may be a consequence of biogenetic or psychological predisposal of interest, remains to be elucidated. Axis I comorbidity needs to be further examined.

scholarly journals Transgenerational hypocortisolism and behavioral disruption are induced by the antidepressant fluoxetine in male zebrafish Danio rerio

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (52) ◽  
pp. E12435-E12442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilyn N. Vera-Chang ◽  
Antony D. St-Jacques ◽  
Rémi Gagné ◽  
Chris J. Martyniuk ◽  
Carole L. Yauk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adult Males ◽  
Therapeutic Drugs ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
Prescription Rates ◽  
Interrenal Cells ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Low Cortisol

The global prevalence of depression is high during childbearing. Due to the associated risks to the mother and baby, the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor fluoxetine (FLX) is often the first line of treatment. Given that FLX readily crosses the placenta, a fetus may be susceptible to the disruptive effects of FLX during this highly plastic stage of development. Here, we demonstrate that a 6-day FLX exposure to a fetus-relevant concentration at a critical developmental stage suppresses cortisol levels in the adult zebrafish (F0). This effect persists for three consecutive generations in the unexposed descendants (F1 to F3) without diminution and is more pronounced in males. We also show that the in vivo cortisol response of the interrenal (fish “adrenal”) to an i.p. injection of adrenocorticotropic hormone was also reduced in the males from the F0 and F3 FLX lineages. Transcriptomic profiling of the whole kidney containing the interrenal cells revealed that early FLX exposure significantly modified numerous pathways closely associated with cortisol synthesis in the male adults from the F0 and F3 generations. We also show that the low cortisol levels are linked to significantly reduced exploratory behaviors in adult males from the F0 to F2 FLX lineages. This may be a cause for concern given the high prescription rates of FLX to pregnant women and the potential long-term negative impacts on humans exposed to these therapeutic drugs.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Milk Flow Traits in Dairy Cows: Results of a Field Study

2007 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 1159-1167 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sandrucci ◽  
A. Tamburini ◽  
L. Bava ◽  
M. Zucali
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Milk Flow

scholarly journals Stress and its effects on horses reproduction

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amal M. AboEl-Maaty
Keyword(s):  
Early Summer ◽  
Environmental Condition ◽  
Reproductive Condition ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Semen Collection ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
Low Cortisol ◽  
Circulating Levels ◽  
Estradiol Levels ◽  
Repeat Breeder

A total of 90 mares and horses were subjected to blood sampling for determining the effect of management (farm), reproductive condition, sex, age, breed and month of the year during breeding on circulating levels of cortisol and sex hormones. Blood samples were collected from December to the following June from four farms. Blood sera underwent testosterone, estradiol, progesterone and cortisol assaying using ELISA kits. Cortisol levels were significantly low in lactating mares during their foal heat but significantly high levels were recorded in both repeat breeder mares and horses used for racing. High and significant testosterone and estradiol levels were recorded in both stallions used for breeding especially after semen collection and early pregnant mares. Similar testosterone levels were recorded in both early pregnant mares and racing horses but high levels were recorded in stallions. Estradiol was high in both early pregnant and mares with endometritis but the highest levels were observed in stallions. Horses held in private farms had high cortisol levels compared to those of governmental farms. In contrast to mares, horses had low cortisol and high estradiol levels. Cortisol levels were high from April to June (Spring and early summer) compared to its levels from December to March (Winter). Arab horses had low cortisol compared to native and imported foreign breeds. In conclusion, environmental condition, exercise, breed, management and the purpose of raising horses all are affecting its cortisol levels.

Hair cortisol levels of lactating dairy cows in cold- and warm-temperate regions in Japan

2017 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 494-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsuji Uetake ◽  
Shigeru Morita ◽  
Nobutada Sakagami ◽  
Kazuaki Yamamoto ◽  
Shinji Hashimura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Hair Cortisol ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
Warm Temperate

Transmission and quantification of verocytotoxin-producingEscherichia coliO157 in dairy cattle and calves

2008 ◽  
Vol 137 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. SCHOUTEN ◽  
E. A. M. GRAAT ◽  
K. FRANKENA ◽  
F. VAN ZIJDERVELD ◽  
M. C. M. DE JONG
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
Infectious Period ◽  
Basic Reproduction Ratio ◽  
Transmission Experiment ◽  
Reproduction Ratio ◽  
Susceptible Population ◽  
Previous Summer

SUMMARYData from a field study of 14 months duration in a naturally colonized dairy herd and data from an experiment with calves were used to quantify transmission of verocytotoxin-producingEscherichia coli(VTEC O157) in cattle. For the latter, two groups of 10 calves were randomly assigned and put out in one of two pastures. From each group, five animals were experimentally inoculated with 109c.f.u. O157 VTEC and, considered infectious, put back in their group. Each of the susceptible contact calves became positive within 6 days of being reunited. The estimate of the basic reproduction ratio (R0) in the experiment was 7·3 (95% CI 3·92–11·5), indicating that each infectious calf will infect seven other calves on average during an assumed infectious period of 28 days in a fully susceptible population. TheR0among dairy cows appeared to be about 10 times lower (0·70, 95% CI 0·48–1·04). After the transmission experiment, six contact-infected animals that were shedding continuously during the experiment were housed in a tie stall during winter. After 40 days, all six tested negative for O157 VTEC. In June, after a period of 34 weeks in which the heifers remained negative, they were put out in a clean and isolated pasture to observe whether they started shedding again. On each pasture that was infected with O157 VTEC during the transmission experiment the previous summer, newly purchased susceptible calves were placed. None of the heifers or calves started shedding during 14 weeks, indicating that both the heifers and the previously contaminated pasture did not function as reservoir of O157 VTEC.

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