Association between a single-pass whole-body computed tomography policy and survival after blunt major trauma: a retrospective cohort study

Abstract Introduction Isolated nasal obstruction (INO) is a common complaint of multiple etiology. The preoperative evaluation of patients presenting with nasal obstruction and deviated nasal septum (DNS) does not typically include imaging. The benefits of performing computed tomography (CT) in the preoperative setting are inconclusive. Objective Assessing the contribution of preoperative CT to the surgical treatment of non-sinusitis patients presenting with INO and DNS. Methods A retrospective cohort study on patients referred to surgery for nasal obstruction due to DNS or turbinate hypertrophy between 2006 and 2015. Data was retrieved from patients' medical charts. The CT scans and clinical data were reassessed by a second surgeon blinded to the patients' clinical course. Results Seventy of the 843 patients (8.06%) who underwent endoscopic sinonasal procedures during the study period had presented with INO and met the inclusion criteria. Thirty-eight (55.88%) of them underwent CT scans during their preoperative assessment. Modification of the initial preoperative planning based on the radiological findings was required in 32 cases (84.2%). When reassessed by a second blinded surgeon, 58% of cases required surgical modification rather than classical submucosal resection of nasal septum and turbinate reduction (P = 0.048). Conclusion Computed tomography was found beneficial in the preoperative planning for patients with INO. The original surgical plan based upon physical examination findings was modified based on radiological findings in 84.2% of the patients.

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Temporal and geographic patterns of stab injuries in young people: a retrospective cohort study from a UK major trauma centre

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023114 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (10) ◽

pp. e023114 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Paul Vulliamy ◽

Mark Faulkner ◽

Graham Kirkwood ◽

Anita West ◽

Breda O’Neill ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Young People ◽

Retrospective Cohort Study ◽

Retrospective Cohort ◽

Major Trauma ◽

Trauma Centre ◽

Targeted Prevention ◽

Major Trauma Centre ◽

School Day ◽

Stab Injuries

ObjectivesTo describe the epidemiology of assaults resulting in stab injuries among young people. We hypothesised that there are specific patterns and risk factors for injury in different age groups.DesignEleven-year retrospective cohort study.SettingUrban major trauma centre in the UK.Participants1824 patients under the age of 25 years presenting to hospital after a stab injury resulting from assault.OutcomesIncident timings and locations were obtained from ambulance service records and triangulated with prospectively collected demographic and injury characteristics recorded in our hospital trauma registry. We used geospatial mapping of individual incidents to investigate the relationships between demographic characteristics and incident timing and location.ResultsThe majority of stabbings occurred in males from deprived communities, with a sharp increase in incidence between the ages of 14 and 18 years. With increasing age, injuries occurred progressively later in the day (r2=0.66, p<0.01) and were less frequent within 5 km of home (r2=0.59, p<0.01). Among children (age <16), a significant peak in injuries occurred between 16:00 and 18:00 hours, accounting for 22% (38/172) of injuries in this group compared with 11% (182/1652) of injuries in young adults. In children, stabbings occurred earlier on school days (hours from 08:00: 11.1 vs non-school day 13.7, p<0.01) and a greater proportion were within 5 km of home (90% vs non-school day 74%, p=0.02). Mapping individual incidents demonstrated that the spike in frequency in the late afternoon and early evening was attributable to incidents occurring on school days and close to home.ConclusionsAge, gender and deprivation status are potent influences on the risk of violent injury in young people. Stab injuries occur in characteristic temporal and geographical patterns according to age group, with the immediate after-school period associated with a spike in incident frequency in children. This represents an opportunity for targeted prevention strategies in this population.

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Analysis of Granulomatous Lymphocytic Interstitial Lung Disease Using Two Scoring Systems for Computed Tomography Scans—A Retrospective Cohort Study

Frontiers in Immunology ◽

10.3389/fimmu.2020.589148 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Author(s):

Jennifer J. Meerburg ◽

Ieneke J. C. Hartmann ◽

Sigune Goldacker ◽

Ulrich Baumann ◽

Annette Uhlmann ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Interstitial Lung Disease ◽

Lung Disease ◽

Retrospective Cohort Study ◽

Retrospective Cohort ◽

Scoring Systems ◽

Computed Tomography Scans

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Pre-operative prediction of cholesteatomas from radiology: retrospective cohort study of 106 cases

The Journal of Laryngology & Otology ◽

10.1017/s0022215119001154 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 133 (06) ◽

pp. 477-481 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

D Selwyn ◽

J Howard ◽

P Cuddihy

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Positive Predictive Value ◽

Negative Predictive Value ◽

Retrospective Cohort Study ◽

Predictive Value ◽

Retrospective Cohort ◽

Anatomical Variation ◽

Predictive Values ◽

Mastoid Surgery

AbstractObjectivePre-operative imaging is often used to predict the extent of a cholesteatoma and anatomical variation to plan for surgery. This study aimed to measure the predictive accuracy of computed tomography findings.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted of all patients in a district general hospital undergoing mastoid surgery within a consecutive 12-month period, in whom computed tomography had been performed prior to operative intervention. The study measured the key findings of pre-operative computed tomography imaging and compared them to the intra-operative findings.ResultsA total of 106 patients were included. The sensitivity and specificity for predicting cholesteatoma were 79 per cent and 81 per cent respectively. The positive predictive value was 90 per cent and the negative predictive value was 65 per cent. In predicting complications of cholesteatomas, the sensitivity was 70 per cent, whereas the specificity was 91 per cent. The positive predictive value was 88 per cent and the negative predictive value was 76 per cent.ConclusionPre-operative computed tomography conducted prior to mastoid surgery has high positive predictive values for both predicting cholesteatomas and complications (90 per cent and 88 per cent respectively).

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