scholarly journals Development of feeding systems and strategies of supplementation to enhance rumen fermentation and ruminant production in the tropics

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Metha Wanapat ◽  
Sungchhang Kang ◽  
Sineenart Polyorach
Keyword(s):  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Feeding Systems

Intake, digestibility and microbial-N synthesis in Creole goats fed grass/forage tree silage

2002 ◽  
Vol 2002 ◽  
pp. 139-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Sol ◽  
FJ Solorio-Sanchéz ◽  
CA Sandoval-Castro
Keyword(s):  
Present Experiment ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Animal Performance ◽  
Supplementary Feed ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Microbial N ◽  
Feeding Systems

Forage trees are commonly used in the tropics as supplementary feed for ruminants. However, during the dry season where grass is of poor quality, many trees also shed their leaves and are no longer available. Adequate strategies are to be evaluated to allow forage trees to be introduced into feeding systems as good quality supplements along the year. Silage might be an adequate technology if the resultant product allow similar animal performance as those achieved using commercial concentrate as supplement, but few studies have been conducted with forage tree silages. The objective of the present experiment was to evaluate intake, digestibility and microbial-N synthesis of diets supplemented with grains or forage tree silage.

scholarly journals Incorporating leucaena into goat production systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-181
Author(s):  
Frances C. Cowley ◽  
Romana Roschinsky
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Silvopastoral Systems ◽  
Systems Research ◽  
Keynote Paper ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Worm Control ◽  
Farming Systems Research ◽  
Feeding Systems

Keynote paper presented at the International Leucaena Conference, 1‒3 November 2018, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.The integration of leucaena into goat production systems in the tropics and subtropics is reviewed. Goats are well adapted to leucaena, and able to be productive on diets containing up to 100% leucaena as a result of bacterial and hepatic detoxification. Incorporation of leucaena into goat production systems can improve liveweight gains, milk production, worm control and reproduction. Successful feeding systems for goats can be based on both grazed silvopastoral systems and cut-and-carry intensive systems, although there is a lack of farming systems research examining the integration of leucaena into goat production systems, or documentation of the practicalities of these practices.

Effects of forage species and feeding systems on rumen fermentation, microbiota and conjugated linoleic acid content in dairy goats

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (12) ◽  
pp. 2147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saranpong Thongruang ◽  
Pramote Paengkoum ◽  
Wisitiporn Suksombat ◽  
Smerjai Bureenok
Keyword(s):  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Dairy Goats ◽  
Forage Species ◽  
Forage Intake ◽  
Total Bacteria ◽  
Feeding Systems

The objective of this experiment was to investigate the effects of forage species and feeding systems on ruminal fermentation, microbiota (Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, Fibrobacter succinogenes and total bacteria) and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) concentration of milk in dairy goats. Twenty female crossbred Saanen lactating goats (~35 ± 3.0 kg bodyweight) in early to mid-lactation stage were assigned to a 45-day completely randomised-design feeding experiment, with the following four forage (roughage) treatments: cut-and-carry grass (CG), grazing of grass (GG), cut-and-carry leucaena (CL) and grazing of leucaena (GL; n = 5). All animals were given concentrate equivalent to 1.5% of their bodyweight. The grass used in the study was napier Pak Chong 1 grass (Pennisetum purpureum × Pennisetum americanum hybrid). The results showed that irrespective of the type of forage, grazing goats (GG and GL) had a higher (P < 0.05) forage intake and, thus, total dry-matter and crude-protein intakes than did those fed indoors (CG and CL). However, the intake of C18:2n6 and particularly of C18:3n3 was generally higher for grass-fed goats than for leucaena-fed goats. Treatments did not exert significant differences on rumen fermentation characteristics. However, the populations of B. fibrisolvens, F. succinogenes and total bacteria were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in grazing goats (GG and GL) than in their counterparts fed with the cut-and-carry system (CG and CL). Goats in the grazing system also had a higher (P < 0.05) milk yield, and milk fat, c9, t11 CLA and omega-3 fatty acid concentrations than did those in the cut-and-carry system and only grazing goats produced detectable levels of t10, c12 CLA in milk. Putting the above together, it can be concluded that allowing dairy goats to outdoor grazing stimulates a higher forage intake, including that of C18:2n6 and C18:3n3, as well as enhancing population of B. fibrisolvens (involved in the synthesis of milk CLA), resulting in a higher milk yield, and enhances c9, t11 and t10, c12 CLA in goat milk.

Strategic supplementation of cassava top silage to enhance rumen fermentation and milk production in lactating dairy cows in the tropics

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (7) ◽  
pp. 1539-1546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Metha Wanapat ◽  
Kampanat Phesatcha ◽  
Bounnaxay Viennasay ◽  
Burarat Phesatcha ◽  
Thiwakorn Ampapon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
The Tropics

scholarly journals Energy: Protein Ratio in Ruminants: Insights from the Intragastric Infusion Technique

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2700
Author(s):  
Denis J. Meehan ◽  
Ana R. J. Cabrita ◽  
Margarida R. G. Maia ◽  
António J. M. Fonseca
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Maintenance Energy ◽  
Nutrient Metabolism ◽  
Protein Ratio ◽  
Protein Requirements ◽  
Utilisation Efficiency ◽  
Fatty Acid Utilisation ◽  
Infusion Technique ◽  
Feeding Systems

Studies on energy:protein ratio in ruminants are constrained by rumen fermentation since it governs nutrient metabolism and the ratio of energy:protein yielding nutrients available for absorption. By circumventing rumen fermentation, the total intragastric infusion technique (IIT) allowed objective quantification of maintenance energy and protein requirements, volatile fatty acid utilisation efficiency, efficiency of energy utilisation for maintenance (Km) and growth (Kf) and the origin of N retention responses to independent variation of energy and protein intake. This review outlines the key IIT findings and whether they are reflected in current feeding systems with implications for different production systems worldwide. Maintenance energy requirements are similar to those derived from comparative slaughter but maintenance N requirements are significantly lower. No differences in utilisation efficiency exist between acetic, propionic and butyric acids. At low energy intakes, endogenous energy reserves are utilised to retain amino acids and fuel substantial tissue protein gains. The use of fasting metabolism to measure the utilisation of nutritionally balanced diets is questioned since it is a glucose-deficient state. Inter-species differences in glucose metabolism appear to exist, suggesting that glucose requirements may be higher in cattle than sheep. The difficulty in predicting nutrient requirements, particularly protein, with any one technique is highlighted.

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